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Progettazione sismica di strutture pluripiano prefabbricate con travi incernierate - Parte 1
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
European building inventory framework
Full text linkIncreased resilience is a strategic objective of the European strategy for disaster management, particularly concerning the protection urban areas. For the assessment of the seismic resilience of urban areas, three components are essential: a description of the hazard, an inventory of the exposed assets and an accurate estimation of their vulnerability. Exposure data have been collected during the national housing censuses
and within the framework of research projects dealing with seismic risk or with the energy performance of buildings. These sources of information are reviewed with focus on the building characteristics of interest for seismic risk assessment and the space resolution. The inventories compiled within research projects contain data aggregated at the level of countries, which is not sufficient for seismic risk assessment. They were inferred from a variety of sources that present notable divergences and they do not account for the distribution of buildings in small geographical units, which is proven to influence the loss estimates. On the other hand, housing censuses cover the important building features for several countries and may be aggregated at the desired geographical areas. However, a significant effort is required to collect and elaborate the census data.JRC.G.4 - European laboratory for structural assessmen
Summary of the meeting on 11 December 2015 on adaptation of structural design to climate change - Support to the implementation, harmonization and further development of the Eurocodes
No full textIt is expected that the global warming will reduce the frequency of the snow events. On the other hand, the intensity of extreme snow events may increase, since the capacity of the atmosphere to hold moisture increases with temperature. This may lead to the increase of both snow density and occurrence of extreme snowfalls in regions where temperatures still may happen to be below freezing level during precipitation events. To assess the evolution of the snow load and its impact on design of new buildings and on reliability of existing ones, a comparison of future trends, in both intensity and frequency of future precipitation in cold areas with current versions of snow load maps for structural design should be performed.
The European Snow Loads Research Project was carried out under contracts with the European Commission DG III – D3 in the period 1996-1999 with the aim to provide scientific basis for harmonized definition of models for determining the actions of snow applied to the structural parts of construction works. The project was led by Pisa University. The snow load design map produced by this project is incorporated in Annex C of EN 1991-1-3 with the aim to help National Competent Authorities to redraft their national snow maps and to establish harmonized procedures to produce such maps.
A pilot study on creating a snow load map for structural design taking into account the climate change was launched at a working meeting on 8 April 2014 at JRC/Ispra with the participation of Pisa University and the JRC CRM and ELSA Units. While the study has been performed in Pisa University, the JRC CRM Unit provided data on climate change projections, and the two JRC Units consulted the approach and the results.
The results obtained show that the developed procedure is very appropriate for the creation of snow maps taking into account the climate change implications, since it allows to estimate characteristic ground snow loads on the basis of daily data Tmax, Tmin and h rain, which are typically available as outputs of climate change projections for all possible scenarios
Seismic resilience: concept, metrics and integration with other hazards
Full text linkResilience is a new approach in earthquake engineering that introduces the time dimension to cover the post-event recovery phase. It also broadens the scope beyond the single structure, to systems and communities. In the wider sense, resilience incorporates technical, organization, social, economic and environmental issues. The current goal of minimising casualties, economic and functionality loss, is extended to the requirement for the affected community or system to return to ‘normal’ conditions within the shortest possible time.
This report covers both conceptual and operational aspects of seismic resilience. It presents mathematical expressions used for the quantification of resilience, together with single- and multi-dimensional functionality measures for assets and systems. Moreover, it deals with interdependencies between systems, uncertainties, and multiple hazards and events.
In view of the establishment of a common methodology for resilience assessment, topics that need to be further investigated include the definition of boundaries in relation to space, time and the aspects to consider in resilience assessment, the collection and dissemination of data, the calibration of recovery functions on existing data and the validation of methods through application to real-life complex systems.JRC.G.4 - European laboratory for structural assessmen
Seismic Assessment and Retrofit of Existing Reinforced Concrete Bridges
No full textThe thesis deals with the seismic assessment of existing reinforced concrete bridges and the retrofit of piers with hollow cross-section using fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) jackets.
An experimental campaign that comprised quasi-static cyclic tests on large-scale models of hollow piers and seismic tests on a large-scale model of a complete bridge, applying the non-linear substructuring technique in pseudodynamic testing and considering asynchronous input motion, was followed. The prototype structure was a highway bridge situated in Austria and designed in 1975. The tests demonstrated that these infrastructures represent a source of risk in seismic regions (limited deformation and energy-dissipation capacity, undesirable failure modes).
A combination of finite element method analysis and fibre modelling was used to simulate the behaviour of a specimen of a hollow pier wrapped with an FRP jacket. Good agreement was found between experimental data and numerical results. This two-level modelling approach was employed to study the effectiveness of FRP wrapping for the confinement of hollow piers with large dimensions, considering the effect of axial load, longitudinal reinforcement and dimensions of the jacket. On the basis of more than 1000 numerical analyses, an empirical design equation was elaborated.JRC.G.5 - European laboratory for structural assessmen
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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