1,721,004 research outputs found
Observations about surface behaviour of the great white shark Carcharodon carcharias (L.) in presence of passive preys at Dyer Island (Southafrica)
Full text linkDuring 4 study expeditions in SouthAfrica, performed in 2000, 2003, 2004 and 2005, observations about surface predatory behaviour of the Great White Shark in presence of passive preys were made. Observations were carried out by Unlimited Shark Diving boats and by cage diving around Dyer Island, about 5 miles far from Gansbaai. During the 27 observation days were identified 78 different specimens, that exhibited 8 different behaviours. The Great White Shark population observed around Dyer island
shows a greater variety of behaviours than the population studied along the California coasts
Conservation and biology of triturus italicus in Italy (amphibia, salamandridae)
No full textWe sampled 154 sites of Triturus italicus from central and southern Italy to infer conservation guidelines. In most sites, the species lives in small populations (tens of individuals) in natural (ponds, pools, streams) and artificial (ditches, wells, tanks, troughs) bodies of water. Its biological cycle regarding in-water movements and reproductive patterns is very variable. The species seems in decline, with the exception of Latium and Calabria, and 22 populations have become extinct. The main causes of the species disappearance are likely due to loss of habitats caused by trasformation or destruction of bodies of water by modern farming techniques, pollution, and introduction of allochtonous species (such as fishes and pond turtles). A status of “endangered” is suggested for the species, or “vulnerable” for the populations of Latium and Calabria. The species deserves a conservation plan which includes measures such as habitat protection, scientific monitoring aimed at abundance and genetic analysis, and the creation of corridors to allow genetic exchange. The protection and restoration of small artifical bodies of water could help reach these objectives. © 2004 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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