1,721,039 research outputs found
Performance on the Benton Judgement of Line Orientation Test (JLOT) is Biased by Attentional Factors and Item Structural Features: The Need for a Revised Version of JLOT
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When task sharing eliminates interference: Evidence from the joint Picture-Word interference paradigm
No full textThe role of the sound of objects in object identification: evidence from picture naming
No full textIn the present work we were concerned with the role of sound representations in object recognition. In order to address this issue we made use of a picture naming task in which target pictures might be accompanied by a white-noise burst. White-noise was thought to interfere with the representation of the sound possibly associated with the depicted object. We reasoned that if such a representation is critical for the recognition of objects strongly associated with certain sounds, white-noise interference should affect the naming of pictures representing objects with typical sounds leaving the naming of object without typical sounds unaffected. The results were congruent with the predictions and consistent with a view of the semantic representations of objects as collection of related representations, modal in nature, and mandatorily accesse
Making trigger-action rules more comprehensible: Investigating which linguistic clues effectively guide non-programmers
No full textTrigger-Action Programming is a commonly used paradigm in End-User Development interfaces, allowing users without programming experience to create new automation systems. Even if considered easy to grasp, this approach poses some challenges: non-programmers often confuse events (instantaneous occurrences) and states (prolonged occurrences), leading to critical errors in the definition of triggers. Although past research has already questioned the effectiveness of the typical if-then structure, there is a limited exploration of which specific linguistic cues might help or hinder users from distinguishing between events and states. Our study, involving 85 non-programmers, examines a broader pool of linguistic aspects, investigating (i) preferences for conjunctions and verbs when describing events and states and (ii) which conjunctions help users accurately differentiate these occurrences. Our results indicate that while participants tended to prefer temporally specific language, such as ”when” for events and ”while” for states, some of these conjunctions, like ”when”, may not support users in accurately identifying and differentiating events from states, similar to the generic ”if”. These findings underscore the role of specific language on non-programmers’ comprehension and mental representations of triggers. Designing interfaces with more easily graspable linguistic cues and mapping them at the system level may help guide non-programmer users in correctly structuring trigger-action rules
Task sharing can change the fate of task irrelevant information: Evidence from the joint Picture-Word interference paradigm
No full textThe joint version of the picture-word interference (PWI)
paradigm was employed to investigate how people can
deal with the task irrelevant information when they share
an interference paradigm with another person. Participants
performed the PWI paradigm, which requires to name a
picture while ignoring a distractor word, both individually
(baseline) and co-acting with an alleged partner (joint
task). Results showed that, compared to the baseline and
to a control condition in which participants continued to
perform the PWI individually, the belief of co-acting with
another individual suppressed the semantic interference
effect (i.e., slower naming times for semantically related
picture-word pairs) when the co-actor was thought to
be in charge of the distractor words but not when s/he
was thought to work on the same stimuli (pictures) as
the participant. Task sharing was effective in eliminating
the semantic interference effect only when written word
recognition was made more difficult by presenting
distractor words in case alternation letters (mOuSe). These
results can be explained by assuming that the information
about the co-actor’s task in a context of impaired word
recognition would provide participants with an effective
strategy to ignore the task irrelevant information when
another person is in charge of this information
Is cognitive control automatic? New insights from transcranial magnetic stimulation
No full textCognitive control has been classically considered as a flexible process engaged to pursue intentional behaviors, as distinct from automatic processes, which are unintentional, inflexible, and triggered by unconscious mechanisms. Our study challenged this view, showing that such a distinction may not be so clear-cut. We analyzed motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) elicited by transcranial magnetic stimulation to investigate the neurocognitive mechanisms occurring in a conflict task during trials that either required or did not require a response. We observed a Simon effect on MEPs and sequential modulations of such effects on both kinds of trials. Sequential modulations are usually explained as resulting from the engagement of intentional control mechanisms. Our findings rule against this idea, suggesting that these effects are the result of a mechanism that detects and resolves conflict even when there is no intention to select any response. Accordingly, cognitive control also seems to operate without intention, acting in an automatic fashion
Influence on Simon and SNARC effects of a nonspatial stimulus-response mapping: between-task logical recoding
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