1,720,960 research outputs found
Pro-active control of atmospheric emissions in research and small labs. A practical criterion for the design and management of activities under hoods
No full textEnvironmental protection in research laboratories presents specific managerial problems strictly related to the fact that most of actual environmental managerial requirements are based on regulations tailored to relatively simple and continuous processes in manufacturing and service entities. In research labs the variety of substances used and the likelihood of creating new substances are generally higher than in industrial processes, while the quantity of substances is always significantly lower. Furthermore specific managerial criteria are necessary in order to take into account on one hand the variability of operations, on the other hand the impossibility to define in detail each operation. A practical criterion usable as decision making support for the organization of laboratory activities is presented in this work. The use of this criterion is aimed at obtaining the necessary authorizations from the competent authorities by ensuring, implicitly and preventively, the compliance with the regulatory threshold limits referred to the emissions in atmosphere. The first application of the methodology at University of Udine has permitted to derive some practical considerations in terms of environmental management that can be applied also in non academic research fields and in particular in small labs related to the process industry. Copyright © 2012, AIDIC Servizi S.r.l
A quick method for emergency evacuation design in work places
No full textTo guarantee the safety of workers in premises it is necessary to design an egress-system capable to ensure a safe evacuation during an emergency. To supplement the design tools with an analytical method that permits to assess in a fast and simple way the performance of premises egress-system, in this work the PASS (Preliminary Assessment of the egress-System Safety) method has been presented and applied. The comparison among PASS, STEPS® (a FSE evacuation model) and a real fire drill observations has shown the capabilities of the PASS method as a quick tool for emergency evacuation planning during the pre-design process. This permits a rapid preliminary definition of the main egress-system characteristics and a focused use of FSE's software, reducing thus the overall computing time necessary for the design. Copyright © 2010, AIDIC Servizi S.r.l
L'esodo nella Fire Engineering: proposta di un metodo integrato per la valutazione prestazionale.
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Analisi di casi di incendio in luoghi affollati in una prospettiva di progettazione ergonomica.
No full textPeople Evacuation: Simplified evaluation of Available Safe Egress Time (ASET) in encolosures
No full textThe evaluation of the Available Safe Egress Time (ASET) is essential for organizing people evacuation in case of fire in industrial premises, buildings or generic enclosures. This task is usually achieved by considering several performance criteria and then calculating the time for reaching established threshold limits for each of those criteria. In the paper a sensitivity study for the ASET performance criteria is presented. To this aim the Fire Dynamic Simulator (FDS) has been adopted. A comparison between FDS results and an analytical approach for a quick estimation of the ASET in an enclosure is showed. The methodology may be usable as a decision support tool for emergency evacuation design and management. Copyright © 2012, AIDIC Servizi S.r.l
Sicurezza nei laboratori di ricerca universitaria. Strumenti di supporto alla gestione in chiave ergonomica.
No full textA sensitivity analysis of available safe egress time correlation
No full textThe people fire risk assessment in industrial premises, buildings or confined spaces can be accomplished by comparing the time for the onset of life threatening conditions (Available Safe Egress Time, ASET) with the time that people take to move away from the threatening zone and to reach a safe zone (Required Safe Egress Time, RSET). For a given scenario, people are considered safe if ASET is greater than RSET. The ASET is usually assessed by using either analytical equations or fire simulation models. Due to their simplicity and quick use, analytical equations could be suitable for preliminary and routine assessment of people fire risk. On the other hand, fire simulation models are time-requiring tools (both for the modelling and simulation phases) but can be used for deterministic and design analyses, where much details are often required. This study aims at comparing the results obtained by using the analytical equation proposed by Karlsson and Quintiere with the data obtained by using CFD simulations of the same scenarios. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis on the main input data of the analytical equation has been performed. A non-adiabatic compartment has been modelled with floor, ceiling and walls at constant temperature (T = 293 K)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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