1,720,968 research outputs found
Spatial variability of fine particle number concentration in an urban area: The effect of aspect ratio and vehicular traffic
No full textThe condensation particle number counting (CPC) technique was used to measure the number
concentration of fine particles (FPs) from 20 to 1000 nm in several monitoring campaigns inside
an urban area, with the aim of studying the spatial variability inside the urban area at pedestrian
level and its correlation with aspect ratio H/W (height of buildings/street width) and local traffic.
The effect of aspect ratio on the FP concentrations was studied in the range of 0 ≤ H/W ≤ 4.04. To
study the effect of local traffic on FP concentrations, measurements were carried out in adjacent
and with similar geometrics (building height, street width, and aspect ratio) pedestrian and
traffic-streets. Vertical profiles were also studied measuring FP concentration in a deep street
canyon at heights from 1 to 12 m. The study shows a significant impact of local traffic on FP
concentrations (traffic streets 2.7 times higher than pedestrian streets). With the increase of the
value of the aspect ratio, FP concentrations exceed European averages. Additionally, It was
observed a clear decrease in FP concentrations with height in deep street canyons. These results
emphasize the importance of aspect ratio and local traffic when assessing the impact of FPs
pollution
Domenico da Prato
No full textProfilo critico e filologico delle raccolte di rime del quattrocentista toscano Domenico da Prat
Domenico da Prato
No full textProfilo critico e filologico delle raccolte di rime del quattrocentista toscano Domenico da Prat
Impact on air quality of cruise ship emissions in Naples, Italy
No full textThe Municipality of Naples, with about 1 million residents and about 3 million people living in the surroundings,
suffers, as for many a city, from low air quality, as demonstrated by the concentration level of pollutants
measured by fixed monitoring stations of the Regional Air Quality Network. The port of Naples is among the
most important ports in the Mediterranean sea with a large traffic of passengers and goods. Therefore, it contributes
to atmospheric pollution of the nearby urban area with ship emissions. Public authorities need to know
the contribution of different sources of atmospheric pollutants to put effective environmental policies into
practice. In this article, a bottom-up methodology has been developed to assess the amount of atmospheric
pollutants emitted by cruise ships traffic and its impact on the atmospheric pollution in Naples. A detailed
description of in-port activities of cruise ships has been applied to calculate emission rates of NOx and SOx by
using standard procedures corrected and integrated by real data to better evaluate actual engine power applied
and fuel consumption. Considered activities include: navigation in port both at arrival and departure; maneuvering
for berthing and unmooring and hoteling at berth. The study covers all cruise ship calls during the year
2016. The impact of cruise ship emissions on the urban area has been assessed by using the Gaussian puff model
CALPUFF, thus obtaining contour maps of 1-h and year average values. Finally, in order to assess the contribution
of cruise ship emissions to air quality, simulations have been compared with concentrations measured
at fixed monitoring stations and during a monitoring campaig
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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