1,720,955 research outputs found
Conservative treatment of Thoracic Outlet Syndrome – A Review of the Literature
No full textABSTRACT
CONTEXT: Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS) is a debated topic. While there are many clinical studies concerning the efficacy of surgical treatment, there are few regarding conservative treatment. Whether or not conservative treatment is effective and which the best treatment is has not been established yet.
AIMS: (a) To evaluate the efficacy of conservative treatment in TOS with particular reference to physiotherapy, orthotics, and taping; (b) to make general recommendations for conservative treatment.
METHODS: The literature was reviewed. Medical databases consulted: Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Current Awareness, Pedro, Cochrane Library, Medscape. We used the following key words: Thoracic Outlet Syndrome, Double Crush Syndrome, Entrapment, Conservative, Treatment, Rehabilitation, Management. Languages of the articles reviewed: English, French, German, Spanish, Italian, Portuguese.
RESULTS: This analysis focussed on ten studies of conservative treatment and three studies comparing the outcomes of conservative and surgical treatment, published from 1983 to 2001. This review found no randomised controlled trials, systematic reviews, or meta-analyses.
CONCLUSIONS: Conservative treatment seems to be effective in reducing symptoms, improving function, and facilitating return to work, also when compared to surgery. Whether or not conservative treatment is better than no treatment or placebo could not be established, nor could which particular conservative treatment is the best
Manual Therapy for Non-Specific Thoracic Pain in adults - Review of the Literature
No full textObjective: The aims of this work are to evaluate the validity and reliability of manual assessment and treatment, and
the effectiveness of manual therapy for non-specific adult thoracic pain.
Data sources: Review of the literature. Databases consulted: PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, PEDro, and the Cochrane Library.
Study selection: Articles were selected if they concerned the thoracic spine and rib cage, and outcome measures were within the
scope of manual therapy practice.
Data extraction: Studies about diagnostic tests were excluded if the study population was less than 10 subjects, and Cohen’s
Kappa scores or Pearson’s Correlation Coefficients or Intraclass Correlation Coefficients were not calculated. Studies about
treatment were excluded if the PEDro score was less than 4/10.
Data synthesis: Studies concerning physical examination procedures have shown a good intrarater, but poor interrater reliability.
Studies of the mechanical effects of manipulation have given discordant results, while those on the clinical effects of manipulation
have given positive results.
Conclusions: Procedures of physical examination did not show sufficient interexaminer reliability. Manipulative treatment seems
to be clinically effective, but whether manual treatment is more effective than non-treatment, other treatments or placebo, cannot
be established
La Rieducazione Posturale Globale nelle patologie muscolo-scheletriche: evidenze scientifiche e indicazioni cliniche (Rééducation Posturale Globale in musculoskeletal diseases: scientific evidence and clinical practice)
No full textSUMMARY
Several studies on the treatment of musculoskeletal diseases with physiotherapy and clinical experiences on the basis
of a method called Rééducation Posturale Globale (RPG), have highlighted the usefulness of this treatment. Although
such treatment technique is commonly used in physical therapy practice, only few studies support its therapeutic effectiveness.
Objective: To search the literature for evidence of RPG effectiveness, in order to identify the most appropriate therapeutic
contexts for its use.
Methods: A review of the literature through the following databases: PubMed, Embase, Cinahl, Pedro, and Medscape.
The keywords used for the search in the databases are: Rééducation Posturale Globale, Souchard, Posture, and Manual
Therapy. The following clinical studies were selected: randomized controlled studies, non-randomized controlled
studies, observation studies, and case reports, in English, Spanish, Portuguese, and Italian.
Results: Out of 18 studies found, 9 were analyzed: 2 randomized controlled studies, 2 non-randomized controlled studies,
3 non-controlled studies, and 2 case reports.
Conclusions: The RPG method has been shown to be an effective treatment technique for musculoskeletal diseases, in
particular for ankylosing spondylitis, acute and chronic low back pain, and lumbar discherniation. Although the
scarcity of rigorous experimental trials on a large scale does not allow the drawing of undisputable conclusions, the
results gathered up to now are an encouragement to carry on research in the field of conservative treatment
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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