1,720,966 research outputs found
Thirty years of research into hate speech: topics of interest and their evolution
No full textThe exponential growth of social media has brought with it an increasing propagation of hate speech and hate based propaganda. Hate speech is commonly defined as any communication that disparages a person or a group on the basis of some characteristics such as race, colour, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, nationality, religion. Online hate diffusion has now developed into a serious problem and this has led to a number of international initiatives being proposed, aimed at qualifying the problem and developing effective counter-measures. The aim of this paper is to analyse the knowledge structure of hate speech literature and the evolution of related topics. We apply co-word analysis methods to identify different topics treated in the field. The analysed database was downloaded from Scopus, focusing on a number of publications during the last thirty years. Topic and network analyses of literature showed that the main research topics can be divided into three areas: “general debate hate speech versus freedom of expression”,“hate-speech automatic detection and classification by machine-learning strategies”, and “gendered hate speech and cyberbullying”. The understanding of how research fronts interact led to stress the relevance of machine learning approaches to correctly assess hatred forms of online speech
An Italian lexical resource for incivility detection in online discourses
Full text linkAbstractThe exponential growth of social media has brought an increasing propagation of online hostile communication and vitriolic discourses, and social media have become a fertile ground for heated discussions that frequently result in the use of insulting and offensive language. Lexical resources containing specific negative words have been widely employed to detect uncivil communication. This paper describes the development and implementation of an innovative resource, namely the Revised HurtLex Lexicon, in which every headword is annotated with an offensiveness level score. The starting point is HurtLex, a multilingual lexicon of hate words. Concentrating on the Italian entries, we revised the terms in HurtLex and derived an offensive score for each lexical item by applying an Item Response Theory model to the ratings provided by a large number of annotators. This resource can be used as part of a lexicon-based approach to track offensive and hateful content. Our work comprises an evaluation of the Revised HurtLex lexicon.</jats:p
How to improve academic well-being: an analysis of the leveraging factors based on the Italian case
Full text linkAt first glance, for those who start out in it the academic environment may seem attractive,
but they soon experience the difficulties inherent in this type of career. At the same time,
the academic sector is crucial to the social, cultural, and economic development of any
country. Given this important role, it is fundamental for the decision makers to guarantee
the best return on investment made into this sector. The good health of workers has important implications for the quality of their lives since it affects their level of productivity at work, and it is especially relevant for research programmes, where most of the work is
intellectual. In the present research, we have analysed the health of workers without tenure
in the Italian academic environment, i.e. PhD students and short term contract researchers,
in order to understand which factors have the most relevant impact on their state of health. 699 participants (398 females, 301 males) completed an online questionnaire that included both ad hoc Likert-scales and open-ended questions. Our results, elaborated through Structural Equation Modelling and Text Mining techniques, show how researchers experience high levels of anxiety both from the characteristics of the academic environment and from the career advancement system. Specifically, both job-related factors (i.e. perception of fairness, professional growth, and safety perception) and relational factors (i.e. relationships with supervisors and colleagues) predict the anxiety of non-tenured researchers. Furthermore, women researchers show a high level of anxiety compared with male researchers. Policy implications of our findings are provided
Exploring the research dynamics of futures studies: An analysis of six top journals
No full textThis paper focuses on the global literature on Futures Studies and foresight over the last thirty years by using a bibliographic dataset from the Scopus and using an integrated statistical methodological approach. Bibliometric measures, knowledge mapping tools, topic modelling, Geographical Information Systems and network analysis are used to understand the scholarly literature’s evolution, main research areas, temporal evolution, geographical differences, and fragmentation. This allows to outline a separation between research areas and understand the dynamics of the main topics. The aim of this research is to fill the gap in the literature regarding the mapping of research themes in Futures Studies and foresight, as well as their temporal evolution and geographical distribution. Results showed a notable growth in the number of published articles in the last 32 years and identified (through Latent Dirichlet Allocation) 21 topics, which summarize the most important research themes in the context of Future Studies and foresight. A dynamic topic model helped to understand the evolution of topics, while the network analysis provided quantitative measures on the interactions between the topics as well as the international collaborations. Finally, a geographical analysis of both authors and topics highlighted the global distribution of research on Futures Studies
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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