1,721,159 research outputs found
Fermented Chinese formula Shuan-Tong-Ling attenuates ischemic stroke by inhibiting inflammation and apoptosis
No full textThe fermented Chinese formula Shuan-Tong-Ling is composed of radix puerariae (Gegen), salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen), radix curcuma (Jianghuang), hawthorn (Shanzha), salvia chinensis (Shijianchuan), sinapis alba (Baijiezi), astragalus (Huangqi), panax japonicas (Zhujieshen), atractylodes macrocephala koidz (Baizhu), radix paeoniae alba (Baishao), bupleurum (Chaihu), chrysanthemum (Juhua), rhizoma cyperi (Xiangfu) and gastrodin (Tianma), whose aqueous extract was fermented with lactobacillus, bacillus aceticus and saccharomycetes. Shuan-Tong-Ling is a formula used to treat brain diseases including ischemic stroke, migraine, and vascular dementia. Shuan-Tong-Ling attenuated H2O2-induced oxidative stress in rat microvascular endothelial cells. However, the potential mechanism involved in these effects is poorly understood. Rats were intragastrically treated with 5.7 or 17.2 mL/kg Shuan-Tong-Ling for 7 days before middle cerebral artery occlusion was induced. The results indicated Shuan-Tong-Ling had a cerebral protective effect by reducing infarct volume and increasing neurological scores. Shuan-Tong-Ling also decreased tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β levels in the hippocampus on the ischemic side. In addition, Shuan-Tong-Ling upregulated the expression of SIRT1 and Bcl-2 and downregulated the expression of acetylated-protein 53 and Bax. Injection of 5 mg/kg silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) inhibitor EX527 into the subarachnoid space once every 2 days, four times, reversed the above changes. These results demonstrate that Shuan-Tong-Ling might benefit cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by reducing inflammation and apoptosis through activation of the SIRT1 signaling pathway
The Degree Indexes of Sustainable Development of she County, Sun Village, and Tong-Ling City in Anhui Provence
No full textIn this study, 21 indicators, which constitute an assessment framework of sustainable development, were drawn from the ecological, environment, society, and economic subsystem. The degree index of sustainable development (DI) was first put forward and was calculated by weighting the indicators. We assessed the DI of She County, Sun Village, and Tong-ling City in Anhui Provence. The result showed that the Tong-ling City characterized the highest sustainable development level. And Sun Village performed strongest sustainable development ability.</jats:p
Photodegradation of a persistent organic pollutant using MCWCNT-Titania composite photocatalyst / Tan Tong Ling
Full text linkPersistent Organic Pollutants (POPs), particularly phthalate esters (PAEs) have been recognized as an endrocrine disrupting compound (EDC). It is a significant emerging priority contaminant that could easily be released into the environment. Hence, the health issues of PAEs exposure have raised public concern because of there are hepatoxic, teratogenic and carcinogenic in nature. In this study, a
simple one-pot sol-gel technique was adopted to fabricate
TiO2 nanoparticles (15 nm) and MWCNTs/TiO2 nanocomposites. The TiO2 nanoparticles were first incorporated into the MWCNTs surfaces via hydrolysis of titanium isopropoxide (TTIP), ethanol and acetic acid at a volume ratio of 2:3:1
and were crystallized into anatase nanoparticles after annealing at 450ºC.
The experimental results revealed that the photocatalytic activity of MWCNTs/TiO2 nanocomposites was strongly influenced by the synthesis parameters (MWCNTs/TiO2 ratio, calcination temperature and pH). The optimum synthesis conditions for MWCNTs/TiO2 nanocomposites were achieved with
10 wt % MWCNTs at pH 9 under calcination temperature of 450°C. The photocatalytic degradation of the synthesized TiO2 and MWCNTs/TiO2 was evaluated using dimethyl phthalate esters (DMPEs) as a model compound of PAEs.
The photocatalytic degradation rate of DMPEs for both MWCNTs/TiO2 nanocomposites and TiO2 nanoparticles under 96 W UV irradiation were carried out at the same time. The results show that the MWCNTs/TiO2 nanocomposites (97%) exhibit high photocatalytic degradation rate, and it was much faster than TiO2 (71%). It is obvious that the nanocomposites have induced synergy effects on the photocatalytic performance of TiO2 nanoparticles by decreasing the band gap energy of the nanocomposite.
The formation of Ti-O-C bonds between the carboxylic acid groups of MWCNTs and the hydroxyl groups existent at the surface of TiO2 during an esterification reactions, contribute to a synergetic effect due to the creation of an electronic interphase interaction between MWCNTs and TiO2
phases. The ideal efficiency for removal of DMPEs was obtained when the dosage for MWCNTs/TiO2 nanocomposites was 0.5 g/L, the initial concentration and pH of DMPEs was 1 ppm and 6, respectively. The irradiation time to achieve highly degradation was 3 h.
The photoproducts from PAEs degradation were elucidated through UHPLC-Orbitrap-MS/MS analysis. A total of eighteen products were identified and were used to propose a primary degradation mechanism of DMPEs.
The MWCNTS/TiO2 nanocomposites is a promising catalyst for photocatalytic degradation.
Basically, the functional groups present at the surface of MWCNTs promote the anchoring of the TiO2 nanoparticles as well as avoiding agglomeration and subsequently increasing the surface area of the resulting MWCNTs/TiO2 composite. In addition, this strong interface interaction also favours electron transfer pathways, thus the probability for electron/hole recombination is reduced
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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