1,720,985 research outputs found
Seeing with ears: how we create an auditory representation of space with echoes and its relation with other senses
No full textSpatial perception is the capability that allows us to learn about the environment. All our senses are involved in creating a representation of the external world. When we create the representation of space we rely primarily on visual information, but it is the integration with the other senses that allows us a more global and truthful representation of it. While the influence of vision and the integration of different senses among each other in spatial perception has been widely investigated, many questions remain about the role of the acoustic system in space perception and how it can be influenced by the other senses. Give an answer to these questions on healthy people can help to better understand whether the same “rules” can be applied to, for example, people that have lost vision in the early stages of development. Understanding how spatial perception works in blind people from birth is essential to then develop rehabilitative methodologies or technologies to help these people to provide for lack of vision, since vision is the main source of spatial information.
For this reason, one of the main scientific objective of this thesis is to increase knowledge about auditory spatial perception in sighted and visually impaired people, thanks to the development of new tasks to assess spatial abilities. Moreover, I focus my attention on a recent investigative topic in humans, i.e. echolocation. Echolocation has a great potential in terms of improvement regarding space and navigation skills for people with visual disabilities. Several studies demonstrate how the use of this technique can be favorable in the absence of vision, both on the level perceptual level and also at the social level. Based in the importance of echolocation, we developed some tasks to test the ability of novice people and we undergo the participants to an echolocation training to see how long does it take to manage this technique (in simple task). Instead of using blind individuals, we decide to test the ability of novice sighted people to see whether technique is blind related or not and whether it is possible to create a representation of space using echolocatio
The role of temporal and spatial attention in size adaptation
No full textOne of the most important tasks for the visual system is to construct an internal representation of the spatial properties of objects, including their size. Size perception includes a combination of bottom-up (retinal inputs) and top-down (e.g., expectations) information, which makes the estimates of object size malleable and susceptible to numerous contextual cues. For example, it has been shown that size perception is prone to adaptation: brief previous presentations of larger or smaller adapting stimuli at the same region of space changes the perceived size of a subsequent test stimulus. Large adapting stimuli cause the test to appear smaller than its veridical size and vice versa. Here, we investigated whether size adaptation is susceptible to attentional modulation. First, we measured the magnitude of adaptation aftereffects for a size discrimination task. Then, we compared these aftereffects (on average 15–20%) with those measured while participants were engaged, during the adaptation phase, in one of the two highly demanding central visual tasks: Multiple Object Tracking (MOT) or Rapid Serial Visual Presentation (RSVP). Our results indicate that deploying visual attention away from the adapters did not significantly affect the distortions of perceived size induced by adaptation, with accuracy and precision in the discrimination task being almost identical in all experimental conditions. Taken together, these results suggest that visual attention does not play a key role in size adaptation, in line with the idea that this phenomenon can be accounted for by local gain control mechanisms within area V1
De insigni obedientia et fide uxoria: Fracassetti e la novella di Griselda
No full textIl contributo analizza i volgarizzamenti della Senile XVII 3 di Francesco Petrarca, soffermandosi in particolare sulla traduzione di Giuseppe Fracassetti, a partire dalle carte autografe conservate presso il Fondo Fracassetti della Biblioteca Civica Romolo Spezioli di Fermo
<<Questa faccenda delle lettere del Petrarca>>. Fracassetti (Petrarca) e Le Monnier
No full textIl contributo offre un primo resoconto, con la pubblicazione di numerosi inediti, dell'epistolario che Giuseppe Fracassetti e Felice Le Monnier si scambiarono fra il 1857 e il 1870, fornendo numerose notizie documentarie e critiche intorno alla nascita delle edizioni del volgarizzamenti dielle Familiari e delle Senili di Petrarca
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
