894 research outputs found
Zur Rolle von Bibliotheken in digitalen Forschungsinfrastrukturen
No full textHorstmann W. Zur Rolle von Bibliotheken in digitalen Forschungsinfrastrukturen. In: Bonte A, Rehnolt J, eds. Kooperative Informationsinfrastrukturen als Chance und Herausforderung. Festschrift für Thomas Bürger zum 65. Geburtstag. Berlin: De Gruyter; 2018: 93-109
Explaining brains by simulation
No full textHorstmann W. Explaining brains by simulation. Bielefeld (Germany): Bielefeld University; 2003.This study examines the role of simulation in explaining brain phenomena. The notions of simulation analyzed here are diverse: A computer simulation of specific brain phenomena, a researcher's mental simulation of a brain process or an experimental setting as a simulation of a natural situation. The objective of this study is to clarify the various roles that simulation plays in explanations of brain phenomena and to ask whether there is one generic notion of simulation that reconciles the various roles. It is argued that the main reason for simulation being massively deployed for explanations of the brain is the dynamics and complexity of the brain itself. Further, the common ground for the diverse notions of simulation is the result of a characteristic set of models and representations that underlies practical scientific work, in the brain sciences (and elsewhere). It is concluded that - contrary to the common notion that simulation is somewhere outside in a computer or some other device - most of it is inside our head. Explaining brains by simulation is primarily done by our brains
Fire and Water: Ritual Innovation, Tourism, and Spontaneous Religiosity in Hat Yai, Southern Thailand
No full textFire and Water: Ritual Innovation, Tourism, and Spontaneous Religiosity in Hat Yai, Southern Thailand
No full textPerforming Multi-Religious Ritual in Southern Thailand:Polyphony, Contestation, and Transgression
No full textAn improved method for intracellular DNA (iDNA) recovery from terrestrial environments
No full textThe simultaneous extraction of intracellular DNA (iDNA) and extracellular DNA (eDNA) can help to separate the living in situ community (represented by iDNA) from background DNA that originated both from past communities and from allochthonous sources. As iDNA and eDNA extraction protocols require separating cells from the sample matrix, their DNA yields are generally lower than direct methods that lyse the cells within the sample matrix. We, therefore, tested different buffers with and without adding a detergent mix (DM) in the extraction protocol to improve the recovery of iDNA from surface and subsurface samples that covered a variety of terrestrial environments. The combination of a highly concentrated sodium phosphate buffer plus DM significantly improved iDNA recovery for almost all tested samples. Additionally, the combination of sodium phosphate and EDTA improved iDNA recovery in most of the samples and even allowed the successful extraction of iDNA from extremely low-biomass iron-bearing rock samples taken from the deep biosphere. Based on our results, we recommend using a protocol with sodium phosphate in combination with either a DM (NaP 300 mM + DM) or EDTA (NaP + EDTA 300 mM). Furthermore, for studies that rely on the eDNA pool, we recommend using buffers solely based on sodium phosphate because the addition of EDTA or a DM resulted in a decrease in eDNA for most of the tested samples. These improvements can help reduce community bias in environmental studies and contribute to better characterizations of both modern and past ecosystems.Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001655Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/50110000165
Comparative study to the stability characteristics of the foot onto a prototyp of the stability trainer versus other instable pads under dynamometric and electromyographic aspects
No full textDie Studie beschäftigt sich mit der Frage, inwieweit sich die Anforderungen im Stabilitätsverhalten und in der muskulären Aktivität im Gebrauch mit dem neuentwickelten, luftgepolsterten Pad aus der Theraband Stability-Trainer-Reihe von den herkömmlichen instabilen Medien unterscheiden. Gegenstand dieser Arbeit war es, die eingesetzten Therapiegeräte auf diverse Unterscheidungen hin zu untersuchen und mögliche Stärken und Schwächen eines jeden Geräts aufzuzeigen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass im Wesentlichen alle Muskeln durch das Stehen auf den instabilen Medien mehr oder weniger deutlich mit Aktivitätszunahmen im EMG gegenüber dem Einbeinstand auf festem Boden reagieren. Deutliche Unterschiede taten sich auch im Stabilisationsverhalten des Fußes im Einbeinstand in Bezug auf die jeweiligen Trainingsunterlagen auf.This study deals with the question how the requirements in stability characteriistics and in muscle activity vary in use with the new developed airfilled pad to the traditional instable pads. Topic of this study was to check the used therapy devices in diverse differents and to point out potential strengths and entrapments of each device. The results show that all muscles by standing onto the instable plains react more or less with avtivity increase. There were also big differences in stability characteristics of the foot in single foot stand between the used therapy pads
Measuring the emotion-specificity of rapid stimulus-driven attraction of attention to fearful faces: evidence from emotion categorization and a comparison with disgusted faces
No full textKhalid S, Horstmann G, Ditye T, Ansorge U. Measuring the emotion-specificity of rapid stimulus-driven attraction of attention to fearful faces: evidence from emotion categorization and a comparison with disgusted faces. Psychological Research. 2017;81(2):508-523
Microbial ecology of subsurface granitic bedrock: a humid–arid site comparison in Chile
No full textAbstract Subsurface microorganisms face extreme challenges such as anoxic, xeric, and oligotrophic conditions. In igneous systems, nutrient limitation is critical, as biomass input relies on surface-derived fluids via tectonic fractures. Despite growing interest in subsurface habitats, little is known about ecosystems beneath arid landscapes, where surface water input is limited by the low annual precipitation. This study compares granitic subsurface environments beneath arid and humid surface ecosystems, highlighting the link between surface climate and subsurface biodiversity. DNA was extracted from granitic subsurface rocks recovered from two endmember sites along a north–south climate gradient in Chile’s Coastal Cordillera. Microbial communities inhabiting down to 55 m deep subsurface rocks were characterized using 16S rRNA amplicon and shotgun metagenomic sequencing. We identified an abundant and potentially active subsurface community below both climates dominated by heterotrophic bacteria, including Pseudarthrobacter, Janthinobacterium, and Pseudomonas. However, rare taxa affiliated with common chemolithoautrophs, e.g. Thiobacillus, Sulfuriferula, and Sulfuricurvum, were only observed in the arid subsurface, indicating increased oligotrophic conditions and reliance on inorganic electron donors in the deeper subsurface of the desert. Functional analysis revealed sulphur, hydrogen, and carbon monoxide as potential inorganic electron donors. These findings expand the current understanding of microbial life in the subsurface of granite rocks showing the influence of surface climate on nutrient conditions in the deeper subsurface, providing new insights into the extent and functional capacity of terrestrial subsurface habitats and their role in global biogeochemical processes
Performance assessment of HF-radar ship detection
No full textRecently, significant efforts have gone into developing more reliable Integrated Maritime Surveillance (IMS) systems. The main purpose of these systems is to detect and track, and identify and classify cooperative and non-cooperative targets crossing maritime national boundaries. In such a context, each kind of sensor (i.e. shipborne or airborne, on-shore or off-shore) has its own tasks. Great attention has been paid to High-Frequency (HF) Surface-Wave (SW) radars as a long-range early-warning tool for applications in open waters. This paper presents the results from the NURC BP09 HF-radar experiment which took place in the Ligurian Sea (Mediterranean Sea), between May and December 2009. The effectiveness of the 3D constant false alarm rate (CFAR) detection algorithm, developed at the Institute of Technology of the University of Hamburg (TUHH), is investigated by means of ground-truth data sent from ships carrying Automatic Identification System (AIS) transponders. Under conservative assumptions, some preliminary results about the probabilities of detection and false alarm are presented and discussed. In the last part of the paper, foundations about future investigations are provided as well
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