1,720,957 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variability Among Ecotypes of Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa Crus-Galli Var. Crus-Galli (L.) Beauv.) and its Susceptibility to Exserohilum Longirostratum
Get PDFBarnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli var. crus-galli (L.) Beauv) is one of the
most noxious weeds found in rice fields of both Malaysia and Indonesia. Its
diversity in morphological and molecular traits within and between the regions of
Malaysian and Indonesian ecotypes was investigated in this study in relation to
its susceptibility to potential biocontrol agent using fungal Exserohilum
longirostratum.
A total of 85 individual ecotypes found in rice fields of the two countries were
characterized. Fifty-five ecotypes from eleven different states in Malaysia and
30 ecotypes from three sub-regions (Sumatera, Java and Sulawesi islands) of
Indonesia were collected.
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Morphological (vegetative and reproductive characters) and molecular (RAPDPCR)
studies for diversity assessment within and between Malaysian and
Indonesian ecotypes were employed. Results from morphological studies
indicated that there was variability within the Malaysian and Indonesian
ecotypes due to difference in characters such as plant height, panicle awn,
panicle length, plant type, and number of tillers with 95.77 and 100% of total
variability. To some extent, percent germination, seedling growth characters and
life cycles for Malaysian ecotypes from Perlis, Kedah, Perak, Kelantan, and
Johor were relatively faster than Indonesian ecotypes from Lampung, Banten,
West Java, Central Java, East Java, and South Sulawesi.
Molecular (RAPD-PCR) analysis of 26 Malaysian and 14 Indonesian
barnyardgrass ecotypes were amplified using four primers (A 07 A 20, OPG 06
and OPAE 12), which amplified a total of 533 and 266 repeatable fragments.
The RAPD variation between Malaysian and Indonesian ecotypes ranged from
85.7 to 89% and 67 to 80%. The analysis of genetic similarity revealed four
distinct clusters with an average similarity of 47% for Malaysian ecotypes, while
64% for Indonesian ecotypes. The results of the study indicated that the close
relationship within and between Malaysian and Indonesian ecotypes were
mainly due to the close vicinity in geographic locations.
Taking into consideration that the barnyardgrass found in both countries are
quite similar in characters. The response of barnyardgrass ecotypes to the
virulence of fungal Exserohilum longirostratum, a potential biocontrol agent was
evaluated. Results of this study indicated that susceptibility varied for Malaysian
and Indonesian ecotypes in glasshouse and mini-plot experiments. Plant growth
of 1-2- and 2-3-leaf stages were observed to be the most susceptible growth
stage to E. longirostratum at a concentration of 1x107 and 2.5x107 conidia/mL
when exposed to 24 hours of dew period. However, seedlings mortality
decreased slightly with increase in plant age (4-5- and 6- 7-leaf stages).
The most susceptible ecotypes were found in Kedah, Perak, Kelantan, Lampung
and Central Java as indicated by the high value of the AUDPC (594 to 641) and
high epidemic rate (rL) (0.358 to 0.485 unit/day), while susceptible ecotypes
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were found in Melaka, Selangor, Terengganu, Banten and South Sulawesi with
AUDPC value of 340 to 387 and epidemic rate (rL) value of 0.193 to 0.254
unit/day. These ecotypes also showed significant increase in seedling mortality
(87 to 92%) compared to other ecotypes. These studies have demonstrated
differential susceptibility within and between weed population diversity.
The results obtained from this study indicated that E. longirostratum has the
potential to be used as a mycoherbicide against barnyardgrass ecotypes.
However further studies such as increased conidia concentration with different
surfactants, formulation, and characterization of phytotoxic compound to
enhance the virulence for satisfactory control of barnyardgrass in rice fields
conditions are required
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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