1,720,962 research outputs found
On the limits of trust
Full text linkPurpose: This paper aims to investigate automated teller machine (ATM) fraud in southwest Nigeria, as extant studies have not examined the unintended consequences of ATM subscription particularly the effect of the identity of fraudsters and the strategies for defrauding.Design/methodology/approach: Using sequential exploratory strand of mixed method, data were collected from both ATM users and victims of ATM fraud using multi-stage sampling procedure. This involved purposive selection of Lagos and Oyo states.Findings: Results showed that fraudsters were typically lovers, friends, relatives and sometimes children of victims. Strategies for defrauding included card cloning, swapping of cards and physical attacks at ATM galleries.Research limitations/implications: Because of the size of the sample which is small, the research results may lack generalizability. More expansive works are needed across Nigeria in this regard.Practical implications: The paper includes implications for policy initiative concerning the deployment and use of payment systems such as ATM in Nigeria.Social implications: The paper reveals the limits of trust in cashless policy. It raises salient policy issues concerning the need for the governance of trust to engender adoption.Originality/value: The paper characterizes fraudsters and their strategies for defrauding
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Diverse Strategies of Banking Fraud in Nigeria (IMTFI Blog)
Full text linkA major snag since the introduction of Nigeria’s cashless policy is pervasive electronicbanking fraud (e-fraud). Although the policy was aimed at encouraging electronictransactions, reducing physical cash in the economy and thereby reducing the risk ofcash related crimes, fostering transparency, curbing corruption/leakages and drivingfinancial inclusion, the perpetration of fraud threatens the cashless ecosystem. Theimplications of rampant e-fraud are enormous, not only for the banked populationadopting e-banking as a secure platform but also for the obstacles it poses to effectivelycapture the unbanked populace. Initial investigations show that with the prevalence offraud and subscriber victimization, there is a growing fear of migrating to and usingelectronic banking, while those defrauded are altogether opting out of e-banking. The Nigeria Deposit Insurance Corporation (NDIC) annual report stated a total of 3,756 fraudcases in 2013 involving N21.79billion, which represented a 21 percent increase from2012. Curiously, about half of the actual loss occurred within the first three months of2013. Looking between these aggregate pictures, the NDIC 2013 report also offers anelaborate list of fourteen major fraud channels - automated teller machine (ATM) fraudbeing the leading source. In a climate of mounting complaints from e-bankingcustomers/subscribers, we investigated the dimensions of e-fraud in Nigeria’s cashlessecosystem. We collected data in Oyo, Ogun and Lagos States and employed qualitativemethods of in-depth and key informant interviews with fraud victims, bank officials andfraud investigators at the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC).Read final report: escholarship.org/uc/item/53g3d5c
'Bleeding Nigeria through the Pipelines': Understanding Oil pipeline Vandalism in Arepo, Southwest Nigeria
Full text linkCrude oil has been the mainstay of the Nigerian Economy for decades. However, vandalism, oil theft and bunkering are flourishing criminal activities that have impeded the growth of the oil sector and invariably the economic development of the country. The study explored the modes of operation used by vandals and the networks of individuals involved in the vandalization of the oil pipelines in Arepo area of Ogun State, Nigeria. Using largely qualitative method of data collection, 25 participants were purposively selected while opinion were sampled and gathered through in-depth (IDI) and key informant interviews (KII). A total of 15 IDIs was conducted to sample opinions of NSCDC members while 10 KIIs conducted comprised of Arepo community leaders and residents. Successful vandalisation of oil pipelines in Arepo community occurred majorly due to the connivance of the security agents and the sponsors of vandalization (usually influential Nigerians). Some members of Arepo town acted as informants to vandals while they were in return provided with the proceeds of vandalism. Findings further showed that the terrain of buried pipelines influenced successful vandalism operation and impede surveillance. Although vandalism soared higher during raining season, the vandals operated mostly at night. Vandals had uniforms, used hotels as hide outs and made use of encoded words to disguise their operations. Arising from the study’s findings, satellite tracking of geo information system will effectively enhance the policing of the networks of pipelines rather than relying on state agents
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Dimensions of Electronic fraud and Governance of Trust in Nigeria’s cashless Ecosystem (Final Report)
Full text linkA major downside of the cashless policy introduced in Nigeria since 2014 has been pervasive electronic frauds (e-frauds). Consequently, there is a growing fear of victimization among bank customers interfacing decision to migrate and utilize electronic banking. This raises the importance of trust governance in electronic banking and its centrality to the transition to a cashless economy in Nigeria. This study investigated e-Banking fraud and the role trust governance plays in the adoption or refusal to migrate and use electronic banking in Nigeria. The study was conducted in Lagos, Ogun and Oyo States. Using mixed qualitative methods (In-depth and Key Informants interviews) of data collection, participants were mainly purposively selected and in some instances reached through the snowball methods. Qualitatively, 30 victims of e-banking fraud were interviewed across the research settings. Further, purposive sampling proportionate to research settings was used to select at least 9 (3 in each state) bank officials in e-banking unit. To collect data at the e-banking governance level, we purposively selected participants in Nigerian Deposit Insurance Corporation (NDIC), Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC), and Committee of Chief Compliance Officers of Banks in Nigeria (CCCOBIN). In these three institutions, we interviewed one Executive member and two officials in fraud and risk management unit. In all, 9 participants were interviewed to provide data on dimensions of fraud, customer complaints and fraud mitigation mechanisms. Furthermore, 600 copies of a questionnaire (200 in each state) were on bank customers using e-banking and who have used any of the e-payment platforms. The questionnaire probed into reasons for adoption, concerns of trust, experiences of trust and perceived susceptibility to fraud. Qualitative instrument explored experiences of victimization and trust in cashless policy. Quantitative data will be subjected to univariate and bivariate analyses while qualitative data will be subjected to content analysis and ethnographic summaries.  
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Automated Teller Machine Fraud in Southwest Nigeria: The Shoe-wearers’ Perspectives (Final Report)
Full text linkThis study investigated Automated Teller Machine (ATM) fraud in southwest Nigeria since extant studies have not examined the unintended consequences of ATM subscription, particularly from the victims’ perspective. Using a sequential exploratory strand of mixed methods, data was collected from both ATM users and victims of ATM fraud using a multi-stage sampling procedure. This involved purposive selection of participants in Lagos and Oyo states. The prime category of participants, namely ATM fraud victims, was reached through the snowball method. In-depth interviews were conducted, while key informant interviews with the police and bank officials in charge of ATM were also conducted. Copies of a questionnaire were administered to students, businessmen and women, civil servants, artisans, and lecturers in the two states. The findings showed that fraudsters were mostly victims' children, friends, relatives, and lovers. The effects of fraud on the life chances of victims included business collapse, deferment of housing needs, psychological trauma, and financial insecurity. Arising from the findings, we recommend a policy which would consider the peculiar socio- demographics of customers to engender financial inclusion
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Automated Teller Machine (ATM) Uses and Challenges in Southwest Nigeria (IMTFI Blog)
Full text linkThis study investigates automated teller machine (ATM) fraud in southwest Nigeria, with the prime determinant of analysis relying on the perspective of the victim. The primary research questions are: How do banks cope with ATM fraud challenges? How do mobile money service providers characterise ATM fraud and their victims? The study triangulates the Victims Precipitation theory (VPT), Lifestyle theory (LT) and Routine Activity theory (RAT) to explain how ATM fraud affects its victims
Dimensions of Electronic fraud and Governance of Trust in Nigeria’s cashless Ecosystem (Final Report)
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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