714 research outputs found
Valuing Easements: Some Experimental Evidence
No full textTrefzger and Munneke (1998) present a theoretical model, where the surplus that an easement gives rise to will be split equally between the parties. We provide experimental evidence from Sweden indicating that the split of the surplus depends on the context and what is judged to be reasonable principles of a fair distribution. The dominant estates got a significantly higher share of the surplus because they could start the bargaining with a bid that only included compensation for cost, whereas the servient estate could not find any principle that would give them the whole surplus. After these initial asymmetric bids, the parties usually met halfway.
Projection operator approach to the Bose-Hubbard model
No full textWe develop a projection operator formalism for studying both the zero-temperature equilibrium phase diagram and the nonequilibrium dynamics of the Bose-Hubbard model. Our work, which constitutes an extension of that of Trefzger and Sengupta [ Phys. Rev. Lett. 106 095702 (2011)], shows that the method provides an accurate description of the equilibrium zero-temperature phase diagram of the Bose-Hubbard model for several lattices in two and three dimensions. We show that the accuracy of this method increases with the coordination number z0 of the lattice and reaches to within 0.5% of quantum Monte Carlo data for lattices with z0=6. We compute the excitation spectra of the bosons using this method in the Mott and the superfluid phases and compare our results with mean-field theory. We also show that the same method may be used to analyze the nonequilibrium dynamics of the model both in the Mott phase and near the superfluid-insulator quantum critical point where the hopping amplitude J and the on-site interaction U satisfy z0J/U«1. In particular, we study the nonequilibrium dynamics of the model both subsequent to a sudden quench of the hopping amplitude J and during a ramp from Ji to Jf characterized by a ramp time τ and exponent α: J(t)=Ji+(Jf−Ji)(t/τ)α. We compute the wave function overlap F, the residual energy Q, the superfluid order parameter Δ(t), the equal-time order parameter correlation function C(t), and the defect formation probability P for the above-mentioned protocols and provide a comparison of our results to their mean-field counterparts. We find that Q, F, and P do not exhibit the expected universal scaling. We explain this absence of universality and show that our results for linear ramps compare well with the recent experimental observations
Public Land Use Constraints: Lot and House Configuration
No full textThe public sector constrains the size and shape of lots and buildings via zoning ordinances and subdivision regulations. Zoning ordinances utilize setback requirements, open space ratios, minimum lot area and floor-to-area ratios. Subdivision regulations utilize street and sidewalk spacing requirements. This article provides a framework in which one can analyze the precise impact of these control devices. The choice of developers who face these controls is discussed in terms of a rule of thumb and in terms of a model of profit maximization.
The precision drift chambers for the ATLAS muon spectrometer
No full textThe parameters of the stand-alone muon system have been optimised to detect, also as a stand-alone system, the standard model Higgs boson as well as supersymmetric particles. The momentum resolution is typically 2-3% over most of the \eta range up to eta =2.7. Above 200 GeV of transverse momentum (p/sub T/) position measurement and alignment errors begin to dominate and the resolution decreases to 10% at p/sub T/=1 TeV. The bulk of the magnet volume is instrumented with monitored drift tubes 3 cm in diameter, each having a spatial resolution of typically 80 mu m using an Ar-CO/sub 2/ mixture at 3 bar. (3 refs)
Nonlinear Effects in Easement Valuation
No full textRules of thumb have been developed to assist appraisers in dealing with the uncertainties that abound when easement values must be estimated. An economic analysis of one popular rule-of-thumb technique, based on a fixed percentage of the value of a hypothetical fee simple interest in the affected land, reveals that such methodology could not generally be expected to yield meaningful results. If a rule of thumb were to be employed, its use would be more supportable if the underlying assumptions reflected the nonlinear structure of land values.
Make It Simple and Light: Some Thoughts on Real Estate Related Taxation in China
No full textThis article discusses the advantages and disadvantages of real estate-related taxes that might be imposed in mainland China, in light of the government’s needs for tax revenue and the economy’s need for incentives to develop land. Some policy recommendations are presented, based on an analysis of real estate taxation in general and of China’s specific needs. As one recent article has noted, understanding how behavior adjusts in response to taxation is one of the most important issues in public finance.1China, Public Finance, Real Estate Taxation
Nonequilibrium Dynamics of the Bose-Hubbard Model: A Projection-Operator Approach
No full textWe study the phase diagram and nonequilibrium dynamics involving ramp of the hopping amplitude J(t)=Jt/τ with ramp time τ of the Bose-Hubbard model at zero temperature using a projection-operator formalism which allows us to incorporate the effects of quantum fluctuations beyond mean-field approximations in the strong-coupling regime. Our formalism yields a phase diagram which provides a near exact match with quantum Monte Carlo results in three dimensions. We also compute the residual energy Q, the superfluid order parameter Δ(t), the equal-time order parameter correlation function C(t), and the wave function overlap F which yields the defect formation probability P during nonequilibrium dynamics of the model. We find that Q, F, and P do not exhibit the expected universal scaling. We explain this absence of universality and show that our results compare well with recent experiments
A Microeconomic Study of Commercial Real Estate Brokerage Firms
No full textWhile residential brokerage has been widely studied, the operating characteristics on income property brokerage firms have received little attention in the literature. In this paper, we analyze results from a survey of income property brokers to measure profitability scale effects, and expenditures at the firm level. We find that while scale economies exist for expenses, net income per producer falls as firms grow; the optimally sized firm is comparatively small. Although inconsistencies with results from recent residential brokerage studies may relate to the survey period, they may also support a view that residential and income brokerage firms are structurally different.
Search for Higgs bosons in the standard model and in the MSSM at LHC with the ATLAS detector
No full textWe report on simulation results for the LHC Higgs bosons search in the standard model and in the MSSM using the ATLAS detector. In this report, the capabilities of the ATLAS detector in the search for the standard model Higgs boson from 80 GeV up to 1 TeV are discussed, followed by the discussion of the Higgs searches in the MSSM. (14 refs)
Search for Higgs bosons at LEP2 and hadron colliders
No full textThe search for the Higgs boson was one of the most relevant issues of the final years of LEP running at high energies. An excess of 3 sigma beyond the background expectation has been found, consistent with the production of the Higgs boson with a mass near 115 GeV/c/sup 2/. At the upgraded Tevatron and at LHC the search for the Higgs boson will continue. At the Tevatron Higgs bosons can be detected with masses up to 180 GeV with an assumed total integrated luminosity of 20 fb/sup -1/. LHC has the potential to discover the Higgs boson in many different decay channels for Higgs masses up to 1 TeV. It will be possible to measure Higgs boson parameters, such as mass, width, and couplings to fermions and bosons. The results from Higgs searches at LEP2 and the possibilities for searches at hadron colliders will be reviewed. (156 refs)
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