11 research outputs found
Activation of antioxidant enzymes and content of hydrogen peroxide in winter wheat leaves by deficit of soil nitrogen
No full text<p>We proved that the insufficient supply of soil nitrogen, induces defense reactions in winter wheat, as evidenced by the increase<br />in hydrogen peroxide and the activity of antioxidant enzymes in leaves. Treatment of plants with carbamide on a low nitrogen<br />background, induced a decrease in the content of hydrogen peroxide in leaves of varieties of winter wheat, which may indicate<br />a low level of oxidative processes in plants due to the inclusion of antioxidant enzymes in stress conditions. At the same time,<br />the intensification of the activity of antioxidant enzymes in leaves of varieties of winter wheat for the low nitrogen nutrition of<br />plants was recorded. Foliar dressing of winter wheat urea is regarded as a kind of stress on the plant, on the one hand, and on<br />the other, as a factor that stimulates of inclusion the protective mechanisms, in the above privacy and activation of work in<br />enzymes of ascorbate-glutathione cycle and superoxide dismutase. This contributes to a better realization of the genetic<br />potential of winter wheat varieties.</p></jats:p
Activity of nitrogen fixation and antioxidant enzymes in symbiotic systems Glycine max – Bradyrhizobium japonicum for complex treatment with lectin and fungicides
Get PDFThe dynamics of the nitrogen fixation activity of the root nodules, the growth of the vegetative mass of plants and the change in the activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, ascorbate and guaiacol peroxidase) in different soybean organs for treatment of seeds by rhizobia incubated with lectin, in combination with fungicides have been studied. The objects of the study were symbiotic systems formed with the participation of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) Almaz and Bradyrhizobium japonicum (standard strain 634b) incubated with lectin. As disinfectants of soybean seeds, the following preparations with fungicidal activity were used – Maxim XL 035 PS, Fever, Standak Top according to one rate of active substance consumption of each preparation specified by the manufacturer. One part of the seeds treated with fungicides was inoculated with pure culture of suspension of rhizobia for one hour (titre of suspension concentration was 108 cells/ml). Another part of the seeds treated with fungicides was inoculated with rhizobia suspension, which was previously incubated with a solution of commercial lectin soybean at a concentration of 100 μg/ml. The research was conducted in strictly controlled conditions of a model vegetative experiment using microbiological, physiological, biochemical methods, gas chromatography, spectrophotometry. It was found that processing of soybean seeds with fungicides (Fever and Maxim XL) together with rhizobium inoculation contributed to the preservation of the nitrogen fixation activity of the root nodules and the growth of vegetative mass of plants. Under these conditions, the intensification of the activity of superoxide dismutase and ascorbate peroxidase was observed, as well as inhibition of the activity of guaiacol peroxidase in soybean root nodules in the phase of three true leaves and increased activity of all investigated enzymes in the phase of mass flowering. It has been established that the use of complex treatment of seeds by soybean rhizobia incubated with lectin and fungicides leads to an increase in the activity of superoxide dismutase and guaiacol peroxidase in root nodules in the phase of three true leaves and the growth of the activity of ascorbate peroxidase in the phase of mass flowering. At the same time, the inhibition of the growth of vegetative mass of plants and their symbiotic properties occurred, as evidenced by the decrease in the nitrogen fixation activity of the root nodules for the joint treatment of seeds with fungicides and lectin. A specific reaction of investigated enzymes in the roots and leaves of soybean was shown, which was more pronounced in the phase of three true leaves, indicating the development of a typical antioxidant reaction to a complex treatment, as a kind of stress that is leveled to the phase of mass flowering. The degree of reaction of antioxidant enzymes in the studied symbiotic systems Glycine max – Bradyrhizobium japonicum depends on the nature of the active substance fungicides and the manifestation of their joint effect in a complex with rhizobia incubated with lectin
Regulation of superoxide dismutase activity in soybean plants by inoculating seeds with rhizobia containing nanoparticles of metal carboxylates under conditions of different water supply
Get PDFSoybean is one of the most profitable advanced crops in agricultural production in Ukraine and the world as a whole. Therefore, studies of means of regulation and increase in the adaptive capacity of soybeans in symbiosis with nodule bacteria under the action of unfavourable environmental factors are relevant and should be aimed at the use of complex bacterial compositions involving modern nanotechnological approaches. Nanocarboxylates of ferrum, molybdenum and germanium metals were used as components of rhizobia inoculation suspension for soybean seed treatment to study the effectiveness of their complex effect on the regulation of the activity of the key antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase in plants under drought. Various symbiotic systems were used, which included soybean plants and inoculation suspensions based on the active, virulent Tn5-mutant Bradyrhizobium japonicum B1-20 by adding nanoparticles of ferrum, germanium and molybdenum carboxylates to the culture medium in a ratio of 1: 1000. Citric acid was the chelator. A model drought lasting 14 days was created during the period of active fixation of atmospheric molecular nitrogen by root nodules of soybeans in the budding and flowering stages, by means of controlled watering of plants to 30% of the total moisture content. In the stage of bean formation, watering of plants was resumed to the optimal level – 60% of the total moisture content. The control was soybean plants, the seeds of which were inoculated with a suspension of rhizobia without the addition of chelated metals. The following research methods were used in the work – microbiological, physiological and biochemical. According to the results, it was found that when nanoparticles of carboxylates of ferrum, molybdenum and germanium were added to the inoculation suspension of rhizobia, there was an increase in superoxide dismutase activity in root nodules and a decrease in soybean leaves under optimal water supply conditions of plants. This indicates the initial changes in the activity of the antioxidant enzyme in these symbiotic systems, induced by the influence of chelated metals in combination with the rhizobia of the active Tn5-mutant B. japonicum B1-20. Prolonged drought induced an increase in the overall level of superoxide dismutase activity in soybean nodules and leaves, compared to plants grown under optimal watering conditions. The symbiotic system formed by soybeans and B. japonicum with molybdenum carboxylate nanoparticles was the most sensitive to long-term drought exposure, compared to two other soybean-rhizobial symbioses using ferrum and germanium nanocarboxylates. This was manifested in the unstable reaction of the enzyme to the action of drought – suppression or intensification of the level of its activity in the root nodules and leaves of soybeans inoculated with rhizobia containing molybdenum carboxylate nanoparticles. In symbiotic systems with the participation of germanium and ferrum nanocarboxylates, slight changes were revealed in superoxide dismutase activity in root nodules and leaves of plants during drought and restoration of enzyme activity to the level of plants with optimal watering after water stress. It is concluded that the addition to the culture medium of rhizobia Tn5-mutant B1-20 of nanocarboxylates of germanium or ferrum is an effective means of regulating the activity of the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase in soybean root nodules and leaves, which can contribute to an increase in the protective properties and adaptation of plants to the action of dehydration
Functional expression of TRPV4 channels in human collecting duct cells : implications for secondary hypertension in diabetic nephropathy
Get PDFBackground. The Vanilloid subfamily of transient receptor potential (TRPV) ion channels has been widely implicated in detecting osmotic and mechanical stress. In the current study, we examine the functional expression of TRPV4 channels in cell volume regulation in cells of the human collecting duct. Methods. Western blot analysis, siRNA knockdown, and microfluorimetry were used to assess the expression and function of TRPV4 in mediating Ca2+-dependent mechanical stimulation within a novel system of the human collecting duct (HCD). Results. Native and siRNA knockdown of TRPV4 protein expression was confirmed by western blot analysis. Touch was used as a cell-directed surrogate for osmotic stress. Mechanical stimulation of HCD cells evoked a transient increase in [Ca2+]i that was dependent upon thapsigargin-sensitive store release and Ca2+ influx. At 48 hrs, high glucose and mannitol (25 mM) reduced TRPV4 expression by 54% and 24%, respectively. Similar treatment doubled SGK1 expression. Touch-evoked changes were negated following TRPV4 knockdown. Conclusion. Our data confirm expression of Ca2+-dependent TRPV4 channels in HCD cells and suggest that a loss of expression in response to high glucose attenuates the ability of the collecting duct to exhibit regulatory volume decreases, an effect that may contribute to the pathology of fluid and electrolyte imbalance as observed in diabetic nephropathy
Purinergic mechanosensory transduction and visceral pain
Get PDFIn this review, evidence is presented to support the hypothesis that mechanosensory transduction occurs in tubes and sacs and can initiate visceral pain. Experimental evidence for this mechanism in urinary bladder, ureter, gut, lung, uterus, tooth-pulp and tongue is reviewed. Potential therapeutic strategies are considered for the treatment of visceral pain in such conditions as renal colic, interstitial cystitis and inflammatory bowel disease by agents that interfere with mechanosensory transduction in the organs considered, including P2X(3) and P2X(2/3) receptor antagonists that are orally bioavailable and stable in vivo and agents that inhibit or enhance ATP release and breakdown
Криобиопсия в морфологической верификации центрального рака легких с некрозом
Get PDFBackground. The diagnostic yield of a standard forceps biopsy for central lung cancer is 74 %. However, the diagnostic value is significantly reduced in the presence of necrosis in the tumor. In Russia, cryobiopsy for central lung cancer diagnosis is currently used only in a few clinical centers.The purpose of this study is to present a series of clinical cases showing the effectiveness of the cryobiopsy method in the morphological verification of central neoplasms with necrosis.Description of clinical cases. The article presents 3 clinical cases of patients with central lung cancer, in which standard forceps biopsy was ineffective due to the presence of severe necrosis in the tumor. The cryobiopsy performed at the second stage made it possible in all cases to obtain a suffcient amount of morphological material for histological and immunohistochemical studies and to reconalize the lumens of the large bronchi.Conclusion. Cryobiopsy is an effective and safe method of morphological verification of central lung cancer, which has an advantage over standard forceps biopsy, especially in the presence of a visible necrotic component in the tumor structure
Immunoglobulin, glucocorticoid, or combination therapy for multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children: a propensity-weighted cohort study
Get PDFBackground: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), a hyperinflammatory condition associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection, has emerged as a serious illness in children worldwide. Immunoglobulin or glucocorticoids, or both, are currently recommended treatments. Methods: The Best Available Treatment Study evaluated immunomodulatory treatments for MIS-C in an international observational cohort. Analysis of the first 614 patients was previously reported. In this propensity-weighted cohort study, clinical and outcome data from children with suspected or proven MIS-C were collected onto a web-based Research Electronic Data Capture database. After excluding neonates and incomplete or duplicate records, inverse probability weighting was used to compare primary treatments with intravenous immunoglobulin, intravenous immunoglobulin plus glucocorticoids, or glucocorticoids alone, using intravenous immunoglobulin as the reference treatment. Primary outcomes were a composite of inotropic or ventilator support from the second day after treatment initiation, or death, and time to improvement on an ordinal clinical severity scale. Secondary outcomes included treatment escalation, clinical deterioration, fever, and coronary artery aneurysm occurrence and resolution. This study is registered with the ISRCTN registry, ISRCTN69546370. Findings: We enrolled 2101 children (aged 0 months to 19 years) with clinically diagnosed MIS-C from 39 countries between June 14, 2020, and April 25, 2022, and, following exclusions, 2009 patients were included for analysis (median age 8·0 years [IQR 4·2–11·4], 1191 [59·3%] male and 818 [40·7%] female, and 825 [41·1%] White). 680 (33·8%) patients received primary treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin, 698 (34·7%) with intravenous immunoglobulin plus glucocorticoids, 487 (24·2%) with glucocorticoids alone; 59 (2·9%) patients received other combinations, including biologicals, and 85 (4·2%) patients received no immunomodulators. There were no significant differences between treatments for primary outcomes for the 1586 patients with complete baseline and outcome data that were considered for primary analysis. Adjusted odds ratios for ventilation, inotropic support, or death were 1·09 (95% CI 0·75–1·58; corrected p value=1·00) for intravenous immunoglobulin plus glucocorticoids and 0·93 (0·58–1·47; corrected p value=1·00) for glucocorticoids alone, versus intravenous immunoglobulin alone. Adjusted average hazard ratios for time to improvement were 1·04 (95% CI 0·91–1·20; corrected p value=1·00) for intravenous immunoglobulin plus glucocorticoids, and 0·84 (0·70–1·00; corrected p value=0·22) for glucocorticoids alone, versus intravenous immunoglobulin alone. Treatment escalation was less frequent for intravenous immunoglobulin plus glucocorticoids (OR 0·15 [95% CI 0·11–0·20]; p<0·0001) and glucocorticoids alone (0·68 [0·50–0·93]; p=0·014) versus intravenous immunoglobulin alone. Persistent fever (from day 2 onward) was less common with intravenous immunoglobulin plus glucocorticoids compared with either intravenous immunoglobulin alone (OR 0·50 [95% CI 0·38–0·67]; p<0·0001) or glucocorticoids alone (0·63 [0·45–0·88]; p=0·0058). Coronary artery aneurysm occurrence and resolution did not differ significantly between treatment groups. Interpretation: Recovery rates, including occurrence and resolution of coronary artery aneurysms, were similar for primary treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin when compared to glucocorticoids or intravenous immunoglobulin plus glucocorticoids. Initial treatment with glucocorticoids appears to be a safe alternative to immunoglobulin or combined therapy, and might be advantageous in view of the cost and limited availability of intravenous immunoglobulin in many countries. Funding: Imperial College London, the European Union's Horizon 2020, Wellcome Trust, the Medical Research Foundation, UK National Institute for Health and Care Research, and National Institutes of Health
Моделювання, керування та інформаційні технології
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Babudzhan R., Isaienkov K., Krasii D., Melkonian R., Vodka O., Zadorozhniy I. Collection and processing of bearing vibration data for their technical condition classification by machine learning methods 10
Bardan A., Bihun Y. Computer modeling of differential games . 16
Beridze Z., Shavadze Ju., Imnaishvili G., Geladze M. Concept and functions of building a private network (VPN) 19
Bomba A., Klymiuk Y. Computer prediction of technological modes of rapid cone shaped adsorption filters with automated discharge of part of heat from separation surfaces in filtering model 21
Boyko N., Dypko O. Analysis of machine learning methods using spam filtering 25
Boyko N., Kulchytska O. Analysis of tumor classification algorithms for breast cancer prediction by machine learning methods 29
Denysov S., Semenov V., Vedel Ya. A novel adaptive method for operator inclusions 33
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Sandrakov G., Hulianytskyi A., Semenov V. Modeling of filtration processes in periodic porous media 90
Stepanets O., Mariiash Yu. Optimal control of the blowing mode parameters during basic oxygen furnace steelmaking process . 94
Stepanchenko O., Shostak L., Kozhushko O., Moshynskyi V., Martyniuk P. Modelling soil organic carbon turnover with assimilation of satellite soil moisture data 97
Vinnychenko D., Nazarova N., Vinnychenko I. The dependence of the deviation of the output stabilized current of the resonant power supply during frequency control in the systems of materials pulse processing 100
Voloshchuk V., Nekrashevych O., Gikalo P. Exergy analysis of a reversible chiller 105
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Криобиопсия в морфологической верификации центрального рака легких с некрозом
Get PDFBackground. The diagnostic yield of a standard forceps biopsy for central lung cancer is 74 %. However, the diagnostic value is significantly reduced in the presence of necrosis in the tumor. In Russia, cryobiopsy for central lung cancer diagnosis is currently used only in a few clinical centers.The purpose of this study is to present a series of clinical cases showing the effectiveness of the cryobiopsy method in the morphological verification of central neoplasms with necrosis.Description of clinical cases. The article presents 3 clinical cases of patients with central lung cancer, in which standard forceps biopsy was ineffective due to the presence of severe necrosis in the tumor. The cryobiopsy performed at the second stage made it possible in all cases to obtain a suffcient amount of morphological material for histological and immunohistochemical studies and to reconalize the lumens of the large bronchi.Conclusion. Cryobiopsy is an effective and safe method of morphological verification of central lung cancer, which has an advantage over standard forceps biopsy, especially in the presence of a visible necrotic component in the tumor structure. Актуальность. Диагностическая ценность стандартной щипцовой биопсии центрального рака легкого составляет 74 %. При этом информативность значительно снижается при наличии некроза в опухоли. В России на настоящий момент криобиопсия для диагностики центрального рака легкого применяется лишь в нескольких клинических центрах.Цель исследования – представить серию клинических случаев, показывающих эффективность метода криобиопсии в морфологической верификации центральных новообразований с некрозом.Описание клинических случаев. В статье представлены 3 клинических случая пациентов с центральным раком легкого, у которых стандартная щипцовая биопсия была неэффективна из-за наличия выраженного некроза в опухоли. Криобиопсия, выполненная на втором этапе обследования, позволила во всех случаях получить достаточное количество морфологического материала для гистологического и иммуногистохимического исследования и реканализировать просветы крупных бронхов.Заключение. Криобиопсия – эффективный и безопасный метод морфологической верификации центрального рака легкого, имеющий преимущества перед стандартной щипцовой биопсией, в особенности при наличии видимого некротического компонента в структуре опухоли
Метод зондовой конфокальной лазерной эндомикроскопии в диагностике идиопатических интерстициальных пневмоний
Get PDFThe diagnosis of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP) remains one of the most challenging issues in pulmonology. The article demonstrates the capabilities of the method of probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (pCLE) in diagnosing various forms of IIPs and provides comparisons with CT and the histological picture. According to the data obtained, it is difficult to distinguish most IIPs from each other using pCLE. Among the specific signs, a large number of alveolar cells in pCLE in a nonsmoking patient with desquamative interstitial pneumonia is not typical for other IIP in nonsmokers. Also, pCLE can be used to differentiate between IIP and other conditions, in particular, malignant lesions.Диагностика идиопатических интерстициальных пневмоний (ИИП) остается одним из сложных вопросов пульмонологии. В статье продемонстрированы возможности метода конфокальной лазерной эндомикроскопии (КЛЭМ) в диагностике различных форм ИИП, приведены сопоставления с данными компьютерной томографии и гистологической картиной. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о том, что большинство ИИП сложно различить между собой при помощи КЛЭМ. Из специфических признаков можно отметить наличие большого количества альвеолярных клеток при КЛЭМ у некурящей пациентки с десквамативной интерстициальной пневмонией, что не характерно для других ИИП у некурящих больных. Также КЛЭМ может быть использована при дифференциальной диагностике ИИП с другими, в частности, злокачественными заболеваниями
