1,721,076 research outputs found
Review of T. Boeri et Al., Structural Reform Without Prejudices
No full textA review of the book by T. Boeri et al, "Structural Reforms Without Prejudices". Discusses the two main themes of the book, i.e. the normative case for structural reforms, and the political conditions which can help, or hinder, such reforms. A comment on the Italian situation is added
Come sta cambiando l'Italia : le trasformazioni della struttura produttiva e i costi sociali del mutamento
No full textLa ripresa delle esportazioni italiane a partire dalla seconda metà del 2006 è congiunturale o è il risultato di un processo strutturale che sta mutando le caratteristiche del sistema produttivo italiano? Questo volume mostra come diversi settori siano riusciti ad aumentare le proprie quote nel mercato mondiale: ciò riguarda tanto attività tradizionali del made in Italy quanto attività tecnologicamente più avanzate. Una ripresa, riconducibile soprattutto ai processi di ristrutturazione avvenuti a livello di impresa, piuttosto che alla nostra specializzazione settoriale. E' dunque necessario creare le condizioni di contesto per favorire la crescita delle imprese più efficienti. La ristrutturazione richiederà una forte mobilità delle risorse, in particolare del lavoro. Un processo non indolore, i cui costi sociali possano essere ridotti mediante la riforma dei sussidi di disoccupazione, la creazione di una rete di protezione di ultima istanza e di un nuovo contratto di lavoro a tempo indeterminato che permetta di rispondere alle esigenze di flessibilità delle imprese senza creare disparità nel mercato del lavor
Unexplored dimensions of discrimination
No full textUsing newly collected and existing data and modern econometric approaches, this book analyses the gender wage gap as well as less explored dimensions of discrimination such as religion, sexual orientation, and physical appearance. Part One focuses on gender. Using a newly collected database for Italy, it analyses the relevance of transition from school to work, and in particular the choice of college major, in determining the gender earning gap. It also analyses the role of family and of discrimination on the job as a potential source of this gap, using additional data from Spain and the US. Part Two analyses different forms of discrimination towards individuals in the labor market. In particular, it examines the potential for discrimination of sexual orientation, religion, and physical appearance and weight. The analysis is conducted by means of a survey of the existing literature and by an empirical analysis, using European data as well as Italian data collected through an experimental design
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Per un atterraggio morbido
No full textL’Italia sta cambiando lentamente la sua specializzazione e organizzazione produttiva. Nonostante si inizino ad avvertire i benefici dell’aggiustamento, in termini di decelerazione della perdita di quote di mercato, si tratta di un processo inevitabilmente lungo. Per accompagnarlo e possibilmente accelerarlo è importante adottare politiche volte a ridurre i costi sociali dell’aggiustamento che, come documentato in questo rapporto, sono principalmente di due tipi: i) la segregazione di molti giovani in un mercato del lavoro duale che offre scarse opportunità di carriera e bassa copertura previdenziale e contro il rischio di disoccupazione (le stime più recenti indicano che in Italia ci sono circa 3 milioni di lavoratori cosiddetti atipici), e ii) le difficoltà di reinserimento nel mercato dei lavoratori over 50 rimasti senza lavoro.
In questo rapporto formuliamo alcune proposte volte ad affrontare i problemi presenti nel processo di entrata ed uscita nel nostro mercato del lavoro. La filosofia comune degli interventi prospettati è quella di costruire tutele minime, uno “zoccolo” di protezione di base. Un insieme di norme volte a impedire che coloro che non riusciranno a partecipare ai cambiamenti in atto cadano fra le crepe, o piuttosto fra le evidenti falle, di quel sistema di protezione sociale fortemente selettivo e diseguale che si è storicamente affermato nel nostro paese
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