220 research outputs found
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of acetylsalicylic acid after intravenous and oral administration to healthy volunteers
No full textJ Nagelschmitz,1 M Blunck,1 J Kraetzschmar,1 M Ludwig,1 G Wensing,1 T Hohlfeld2 1Bayer HealthCare AG, Clinical Pharmacology, Wuppertal, Germany; 2Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie, Heinrich-Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany Background: The pharmacology of single doses of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) administered intravenously (250 or 500 mg) or orally (100, 300, or 500 mg) was evaluated in a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover study. Methods: Blood and urine samples were collected before and up to 24 hours after administration of ASA in 22 healthy volunteers. Pharmacokinetic parameters and measurements of platelet aggregation were determined using validated techniques. Results: A comparison between administration routes showed that the geometric mean dose-corrected peak concentrations (Cmax/D) and the geometric mean dose-corrected area under the curve (AUC0–∞/D) were higher following intravenous administration of ASA 500 mg compared with oral administration (estimated ratios were 11.23 and 2.03, respectively). Complete inhibition of platelet aggregation was achieved within 5 minutes with both intravenous ASA doses, reflecting a rapid onset of inhibition that was not observed with oral dosing. At 5 minutes after administration, the mean reduction in arachidonic acid-induced thromboxane B2 synthesis ex vivo was 99.3% with ASA 250 mg intravenously and 99.7% with ASA 500 mg intravenously. In exploratory analyses, thromboxane B2 synthesis was significantly lower after intravenous versus oral ASA 500 mg (P<0.0001) at each observed time point up to the first hour after administration. Concentrations of 6-keto-prostaglandin1α at 5 and 20 minutes after dosing were also significantly lower with ASA 500 mg intravenously than with ASA 500 mg orally. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that intravenous ASA provides more rapid and consistent platelet inhibition than oral ASA within the first hour after dosing. Keywords: intravenous acetylsalicylic acid, oral acetylsalicylic acid, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, platelet aggregation, cyclooxygenase-1, thromboxane formatio
ART’00 - Azzurra Robot Team for the Year 2000
No full textRobotic soccer is a challenging research domain that can be used to explore new problems and test new techniques/solutions in the fields of Artificial Intelligence and Autonomous Robotics, as well as for training and educational purpose
Collaborative emergent Actions between Real Soccer Robots
No full textWe discuss how to induce a set of collaborative emergent actions between two soccer robots. Cooperative abilities, like exchanging a ball, can be achieved through the use of efficient collision avoidance algorithms implemented on two players able to frequently swap their roles. These algorithms have been tested on Bart and Homer, designed at IAS Lab. of Padua Univ., that played quarter, semifinals, and finals with ART at RoboCup'99. The interaction with the ball was made easy by a directional kicker which allowed to hit the ball both frontally and laterally
Measurement of CP Asymmetries in B0→KS0π0γ Decays at Belle II
No full textWe report measurements of time-dependent CP asymmetries in B0→KS0π0γ decays based on a data sample of (388±6)×106 BB ̄ events collected at the Υ(4S) resonance with the Belle II detector. The Belle II experiment operates at the SuperKEKB asymmetric-energy e+e- collider. We measure decay-time distributions to determine CP -violating parameters S and C. We determine these parameters for two ranges of KS0π0 invariant mass: m(KS0π0)(0.8,1.0) GeV/c2, which is dominated by B0→K∗0(→KS0π0)γ decays, and a complementary region m(KS0π0)(0.6,0.8)(1.0,1.8) GeV/c2. Our results have improved precision as compared to previous measurements and are consistent with theory predictions
Measurements of beam backgrounds in SuperKEKB Phase 2
No full textThe high design luminosity of the SuperKEKB electron–positron collider will result in challenging levels of beam-induced backgrounds in the interaction region. Understanding and mitigating these backgrounds is critical to the success of the Belle II experiment. We report on the first background measurements performed after roll-in of the Belle II detector, a period known as SuperKEKB Phase 2, utilizing both the BEAST II system of dedicated background detectors and the Belle II detector itself. We also report on first revisions to the background simulation made in response to our findings. Backgrounds measured include contributions from synchrotron radiation, beam-gas, Touschek, and injection backgrounds. At the end of Phase 2, single- beam backgrounds originating from the 4 GeV positron Low Energy Ring (LER) agree reasonably well with simulation, while backgrounds from the 7 GeV electron High Energy Ring (HER) are approximately one order of magnitude higher than simulation. We extrapolate these backgrounds forward and conclude it is safe to install the Belle II vertex detector
Corrigendum to “Measured and projected beam backgrounds in the Belle II experiment at the SuperKEKB collider” [Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A 1055 (2023) 168550]
No full textThe authors regret to report that they made a typographical error in quoted units for the measured by time projection chambers (TPCs) fast neutron fluence per a Snowmass year (107 s) in the original work [1]. In Table 5, the units of the fluence are x109 neq/cm2, while the correct units should be x108 neq/cm2. In addition, to avoid potential misunderstandings of the published numbers in the future, the authors mention the luminosity (L) to which the measured neutron backgrounds correspond by adding L = 2.6 × 1034 cm–2 s–1 to the captions of Tables 5 and 6 in Ref. [1] that list the measured fast and thermal neutron background by TPCs and 3He tubes in the accelerator tunnel, respectively. [Table presented] [Table presented The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused
B-flavor tagging at Belle II
No full textWe report on new flavor tagging algorithms developed to determine the quark-flavor content of bottom ([InlineMediaObject not available: see fulltext.]) mesons at Belle II. The algorithms provide essential inputs for measurements of quark-flavor mixing and charge-parity violation. We validate and evaluate the performance of the algorithms using hadronic [InlineMediaObject not available: see fulltext.] decays with flavor-specific final states reconstructed in a data set corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 62.8 fb- 1, collected at the [InlineEquation not available: see fulltext.] resonance with the Belle II detector at the SuperKEKB collider. We measure the total effective tagging efficiency to be εeff=(30.0±1.2(stat)±0.4(syst))%for a category-based algorithm and εeff=(28.8±1.2(stat)±0.4(syst))%for a deep-learning-based algorithm
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