1,128 research outputs found
Corresponding author
No full textA Rb1 promoter variant with reduced activity contributes to osteosarcoma susceptibility in irradiated mice Michael Rosemann 1,6,
''The age-related decline in Olympic distance triathlon performance differs between males and females''
No full textEtter, F. | Knechtle, B. | Ruest, C. A. | Rosemann, T. | Lepers, R.International audience''Aim. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to compare the age-related declines in swimming, cycling, and running and overall race times between males and females in an Olympic distance triathlon, the 'Zurich Triathlon' in Switzerland. Methods. Swimming (1.5 km), cycling (40 km), running (10 km) and overall race times of 7939 total finishers (1666 females and 6273 males) from 2000 to 2010 in the "Zurich Triathlon" were analysed. Results. There was a significant (P50 years) 5 for cycling (>40 years) and for overall race time (>40 years). Conclusion. These data suggest that the age and gender interactions in an Olympic distance triathlon performance differ between the three locomotion modes. Further studies investigating training regimes, competition experience or socio-demographic factors are needed to get a better insight in the phenomenon of the gender specific age-related declines in endurance performance.'
General practitioners' experiences, attitudes, and opinions regarding the pneumococcal vaccination for adults: a qualitative study
No full textNina Badertscher, Seraina Morell, Thomas Rosemann, Ryan TandjungInstitute of General Practice and Health Services Research, University of Zurich, Zurich, SwitzerlandIntroduction: Diseases caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae generate substantial morbidity and mortality. Despite official recommendations to vaccinate everyone over the age of 64, the estimated vaccination rate for this target population is around 2%. In Switzerland, pneumococcal vaccinations are for the most part provided by general practitioners (GPs); in addition, a small number of patients get vaccinated during a hospital stay. We wanted to investigate GPs' attitudes and opinions about the pneumococcal vaccination in primary care and why it is so rarely provided.Methods: For this qualitative study, we conducted semistructured interviews with 20 GPs. Transcriptions of all interviews were analyzed following the technique of qualitative content analysis, supported by the ATLAS.ti© software.Results: Most GPs reported that they know pneumococcal vaccination is recommended for several risk groups and elderly patients. As to reasons for the low vaccination rate, GPs mentioned the pneumococcal vaccination had little priority in daily practice, especially in comparison with the importance of other vaccinations, namely influenza. This low level of priority was supported by the fact that the GPs rarely ever experienced a case of a severe pneumococcal disease in their daily work. Furthermore, perceived insufficient evidence resulting from existing epidemiologic data and clinical trials enhanced the little attention given to the pneumococcal vaccination.Conclusion: We found the generally low level of priority given within a consultation, the missing awareness of this subject in daily practice, and the perception of epidemiologic and scientific data as insufficient, as the reasons for the low rate in pneumococcal vaccinations. Efforts to increase the epidemiologic data on the pneumococcal vaccination should be taken. To increase the vaccination rate, it would be necessary to raise the awareness and priority of the pneumococcal vaccination; a feasible way could be the combination of the seasonal flu vaccination campaign with a campaign for pneumococcal vaccination.Keywords: prevention, Swiss primary care, barriers and facilitators, Streptococcus pneumonia
Housing, urban renewal and socio-spatial integration: A study on rehabilitating the former socialistic public housing areas in Beijing
No full textUrbanismArchitectur
The comfort triangles: A new tool for bioclimatic design
No full textThis thesis presents a new graphic tool to identify and select bioclimatic strategies according to climate conditions and comfort requirements. The Comfort Triangle relates outdoor daily temperature variations with the modification of thermal performance achieved indoors, using two key variables, average daily temperatures and temperature swings. The variation between indoor and outdoor average daily temperature shows the effectiveness of passive heating and cooling strategies, while the relation between indoor and outdoor swings show the capacity of the building to moderate, control or maintain temperature variations in relation to comfort requirements. It is shown that many bioclimatic strategies aim to modify one or both of these variables. Part 1 introduces concepts of bioclimatic design; Part 2 provides a literature review and defines the state of the art in bioclimatic design, while Part 3 describes the development of the comfort triangles for analysis and evaluation of different bioclimatic design strategies. Part 4 tests the tool using case studies at the urban, architectural and building scales, to demonstrate and verify the use of the Comfort triangles in wide range of different climates, situations and building types. Studies using the comfort triangles at the urban scale show how the built environment produces modifications of climatic conditions, modifying the temperature swing and increasing average temperatures. At the architectural scale, studies show the impact of building form, orientation and shading on average temperature and temperature swing. At the construction scale, studies of indoor and outdoor conditions show the results of different materials used in different climates. The Comfort Triangles clearly identify the impact of the built environment, permitting a visualization of the change in two key vectors, average temperature and temperature swing. The final part of the thesis analyses the results of the case studies to show the value of this new graphic tool that offers a valuable complement to existing bioclimatic design tools, emphasizing the dynamic nature of thermal performance in natural conditioning. It is shown that the comfort triangles provide a new way to analyse projects in different climates and promote the selection of appropriate bioclimatic design strategies.Architectur
The Spatial Economy in the Urban Informal Settlement
No full textIn the rapidly urbanizing world, the informal settlement has been forming a significant part of the common urban scene in many cities in the developing countries. It holds a particular role in the city as it houses millions of urban poor who has no access to the public housing. However it does not only offer accommodation but also economic opportunities that enables the inhabitants to survive. The informal settlement displays a very specific and particular mechanism of survival that is significantly characterized by the notion of flexibility in term of production and spatial occupation. This research aims to investigate the local spatial economy or the spatial dynamic of survivability in the informal settlement. It focuses on the notion of space and locations of the process of survival in such settlement by analyzing the way the spaces are organized and negotiated as one of the most important tool of production and the place of production. It analyzes the dynamics by relating it to the notions of the social capital and the life chances in the informal settlement. Moreover in order to offer a deeper understanding of the problem, apart from the looking at the actual and the localized problem, it will also look at the root of the problems by relating it to its past as an element of a colonial city; and analyse the major economic forces that contribute to its creation by relating it with the Dual City theory in order to accentuate the nature of the problem and its position in the metropolitan context. The research employs the case of kampong to illustrate the case of the informal settlement in the city of Jakarta, Indonesia. The result of the research shows that the dynamic of the survivability in the informal settlement is characterized by a multi-tier relationship between the formal and the informal economy. The continuity of its production is related to the wider economic sector; namely the formal sector, that creates demands and economic opportunities for them. It is also strongly bounded with its actual location; dislocation would therefore destroy the local livelihood. The local economic activities are also determined by the flexibility of the local spatial organization and production. These particular characters enable the inhabitants to manoeuvre in order to survive amidst the limited capital and resource. The process of production is highly depended on the intensity social relation that makes the spatial negotiation and the flexible production possible to take place. The local survivability therefore is in the same time very flexible and fragile.Architectur
The age of peak performance in women and men duathletes - The paradigm of short and long versions in "Powerman Zofingen"
No full textPurpose: The age of peak performance (APP) has been studied extensively in various endurance and ultra-endurance sports; however, less information exists in regard to duathlon (ie, Run1, Bike, and Run2). The aim of the present study was to assess the APP of duathletes competing either in a short (ie, 10 km Run1, 50 km Bike, and 5 km Run2) or a long distance (ie, 10 km Run1, 150 km Bike, and 30 km Run2) race. Participants and methods: We analyzed 6,671 participants (women, n=1,037, age 36.6±9.1 years; men, n=5,634, 40.0±10.0 years) in "Powerman Zofingen" from 2003 to 2017. Results: Considering the finishers in 5-year age groups, in the short distance, a small main effect of sex on race time was observed (p<0.001, η2 =0.052) with men (171.7±20.9 min) being faster than women (186.0±21.5 min) by -7.7%. A small main effect of age group on race was shown (p<0.001, η2 =0.049) with 20-24 years being the fastest and 70-74 years the slowest. No sex × age group interaction was found (p=0.314, η2 =0.003). In the long distance, a small main effect of sex on race time was observed (p<0.001, η2 =0.021) with men (502.8±56.8 min) being faster than women (544.3±62.8 min) by -7.6%. A large main effect of age group on race time was shown (p<0.001, η2 =0.138) with age group 25-29 years the fastest and age group 70-74 years the slowest. A small sex × age group interaction on race time was found (p<0.001, η2 =0.013) with sex difference ranging from -22.4% (15-19 age group) to -6.6% (30-34 age group). Conclusion: Based on these findings, it was concluded an older APP in the long than in the short distance was seen in "Powerman Zofingen." This indicates that APP in duathlon follows a similar trend as in endurance and ultra-endurance running and triathlon, ie, the longer the distance, the older the APP.ance and ultra-endurance running and triathlon, ie, the longer the distance, the older the APP
Genetic mapping of a Ptch1-associated rhabdomyosarcoma susceptibility locus on mouse chromosome 2
No full textMutations in the Patched (Ptch I) gene are responsible for various familial and sporadic cancers. Ptch(neo67/+) mice, in which exons 6 and 7 are deleted, show genetic background-dependent susceptibility to the development of muscle tumors resembling human rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), BALB/c (BALB) is a susceptible strain whereas C57BL/6 (B6) shows resistance. A genome-wide linkage analysis was carried out using Ptch mice produced from B6 x (BALB x 136) backcrosses to identify loci involved in the control of RMS susceptibility, Quantitative trait locus mapping with the censored tumor latency time as the quantitative parameter was used to detect a significant RAMS susceptibility modifier locus, Parms1] (Patched-Associated RMS 1), on chromosome 2 between D2Mit37 and D2Mit102 (LRS = 10). A Kaplan-Meier survival curve revealed that mice with the B6/BALB genotype develop tumors more frequently and much faster as compared to mice homozygous for the B6 allele (P = 0.02). Additional loci not reaching linkage significance were also detected for medulloblastoma resistance. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
- …
