1,720,993 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Multiple compartment modelling and estimation in magnetic resonance imaging
Full text link© 2018 Dr. Warda SyedaThe magnetic resonance (MR) signal encapsulates invaluable information about the structural and functional organization of an object of interest. In brain imaging applications, parametric models of the MR signal are designed to infer tissue structure by performing parameter estimation. Given a signal model, a typical parameter estimation algorithm solves an optimization problem to identify model parameter values that best describe the measured MR signal. A commonly employed modelling technique, known as multicompartment modelling, compartmentalizes the tissue into two or more discrete compartments, describing the MR signal as a composite sum of the signals arising from each compartment. This thesis is concerned with the utility and limitations of multicompartment modelling in sodium and diffusion-weighted imaging.
The output of an analysis of MRI data is often spatial maps of parameter estimates, the result of having applied a model to the measured signal. Commonly employed bi-exponential models of T2*-weighted sodium data are susceptible to uncertainty in parameter estimates, resulting in noisy parameter maps with low contrast between brain tissue types. This thesis develops a continuum model of sodium T2* decay, applied to in vivo human multi-echo 7T data, which leads to high quality, high contrast parameter maps. In diffusion-weighted imaging, two component models of diffusion-weighted signal decay have been advocated for use in the estimation of axon diameter distributions. This thesis demonstrates that axon diameters are not distinguishable under the commonly assumed short pulse approximation, even at high gradient strengths available on pre-clinical MRI systems. Instead, the long pulse regime theoretically provides a stronger diffusion weighting under which axon diameters are maximally separated, as are the hindered and restricted diffusion compartments. Through experimental MRI, it is shown that even under long gradient pulses, a simplistic two-compartment model is incapable of capturing experimental decay behaviour, calling into question the utility of these models for axon diameter density estimation.
Prior to performing parameter estimation, it is desirable to improve the quality of the MR signal, either by increasing the signal strength or reducing the noise level. Echo averaging is commonly employed for SNR improvement and contrast enhancement in multiecho MRI data. The number of echoes used in the averaging operation is an important factor in determining the overall SNR gain in the averaged image. This thesis studies the impact of the number of echoes on the averaging process and derives an analytical expression that predicts the optimum number of echoes for achieving maximum SNR gain. This technique is demonstrated to be applicable to the mono-exponential, bi-exponential and gamma distribution models of T2-weighted MRI signal. Experimental results demonstrate the ability to predict the optimal echo averaging conditions, both globally or locally in a voxelwise procedure.
The assessment of the parameter estimation framework is a crucial step in determining the veracity of the resultant parameter estimates. The Cramer Rao lower bound (CRLB), a lower bound on the variance of parameter estimates, is frequently employed as a metric of precision and a method for experimental de- sign. CRLB is valid only under the assumptions of model correctness and has the potential to provide misleading estimates of parameter precision when such assumptions are not met. This thesis exposes the limitations of CRLB analyses of the MRI models, and instead, proposes the use of the observed Fisher Information (OFI) as an empirical metric of precision, which is not constrained by an assumption of model correctness. Further, the maximum likelihood (ML) value provides an empirical measure of accuracy. Hence, a joint ML-OFI analysis of the parameter estimates is proposed to provide a robust assessment of estimation performance, applied to the multicompartment models of diffusion as an example
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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