1,721,001 research outputs found
Artificial Intelligence (AI) Trends in Dentistry: A Literature Review
Full text linkGlobal health systems face challenges due to various socio-political factors, and there’s an increased demand for delivering health services efficiently with optimal resources while ensuring patient safety. AI methods support dental professionals in multiple aspects, including reducing chairside time, streamlining procedures, providing effective infection control, and delivering precise and accurate treatments. AI proves effective in-patient diagnosis, aiding clinical decision-making, and predicting dental issues, making it a dependable approach for future applications across different dental fields
The Legacy of Rgialosalbu Lending its Name to the Village of Rgiayul
No full textRgialosalbu was a creature that neither belonged to the jinns, humans, nor angels. Allah created such a being many centuries ago which no longer exists in this era, and we have only heard about it. Myself I have heard about it from my great-grandfather. If we talk about the physique of Rgialosalbu, it was a very large and strong being, resembling humans in appearance. Rgialosalbu's wife was named Hlangno Flungmo. Nevertheless, its traces are still found throughout Baltistan. For instance, one of its descendants settled in Roundu, where its traces can still be found. Similarly, its influence is seen in Shigar and Khaplu. It is said that Rgiayul village refers to the place where Rgialosalbu lived. Even now, on the side of our pastures, there is a polo ground of Rgialosalbu, and a rock is present there for tying his horse. Similarly, until today there is a rock called Rgialosalbu's. There is a myth that if anyone tries to break this box, (s)he will die instantly.2.7.9.
The Miracle Tree of Shigri Bala: Faith and Martyrdom of Baltistan
No full textI am a resident of Rgiayul in Baltistan. Four generations ago, my family migrated from Zadibal, Jammu, and Kashmir to settle here. My great-grandfather was the one who came to Skardu. He settled and gradually, our family grew. My grandfather used to tell me a tale during my childhood, which I will now share.
In ancient times, Skardu followed Buddhism. Later, Muslim scholars from Kashmir, which is currently under India's control, began arriving in Baltistan to spread Islam. As part of this effort, one brother and sister from the Sadat family travelled from India through the Deosai plains, reaching Shigri Bala in Baltistan. Upon arriving in Shigri Bala, near Rgiayul, the brother and sister made arrangements for food and lit a fire. While preparing food, they heard the sound of horses and saw that a group of enemies of Islam was coming to kill them. It seemed the enemies had already learned about their mission to spread Islam in Baltistan. The fire and smoke revealed the brothers' location. In haste, they buried the burning wood in the ground, extinguished the fire, and fled towards the nearby village of Rgiayul. The enemies pursued them and martyred the brother and sister in the village of Rgiayul, where their tombs remain until today. When the people of Rgiayul wanted to build a mausoleum for the martyrs, elders from Kuwardo approached the leaders of Rgiayul and requested the bodies so that they could build the tomb since there were no Sadat families in their area. Both parties agreed to this arrangement. The people of Kuwardo still visit the tomb for pilgrimage, and it remains a highly revered place. A mausoleum was also built at the site where the brothers were martyred, which is called shakspon astana in Balti. Shakspon means to be killed with stones, and astana means mausoleum, thus the place became famous by this name. Another significant point is the location in Shigri Bala where the brothers buried the burning wood in the ground. By divine miracle, the wood sprouted and grew into a large tree known locally as issue. The local Balti speakers named the tree issue and claim that there is no other tree like it in the world. This extraordinary tree is large and spreading, similar to a Platanus orientalis and chinar tree. The miraculous aspect of this tree is that married couples who are childless visit the tree, consume its leaves and bark, and then are blessed with children. The tree still stands at the same spot today, and the local people continue to have faith in its miracles. Over 250 years have passed, and people still hold a strong belief in the miracle associated with this tree. After this event in Rgiayul, all the elders gathered to express their sorrow and, witnessing the miraculous deeds of a Syed elder, an agreement was made between Shigri Bala and Rgiayul. According to this agreement, the water in the Shigri Bala stream would be shared over a period of 17 days. Out of these 17 days, Shigri Bala would have water for 10 days and nights, Rgiayul for 5 days and nights, and the small Shigri Bala (Basnit) for 2 days and nights. This 17-day period was documented during the British era, and the system remains in place to this day. Thus, the Rgiayul area receives water for 5 days and nights. In Rgiayul, there are 45 water distribution units (yul) across the neighborhoods of Khachykhor, Chunpakhor, Gunpa, and Usyplang. One yul is equivalent to 24 kanals. Each yul contains 4 chakul. This irrigation system is still practiced in these areas, and no one dares to divert water from this system to their own lands. The irrigation and cultivation system continues to operate according to this traditional arrangement. Rgiayul and Kawardu used to be geographically so close that grapevines grew between these two areas. Nowadays, there's a cold desert and a river between them. My grandfather and great-grandfather used to say that chickens would hop from one grapevine to another, transferring from Rgiayul to Kawardu. This indicates how close these two areas were once. The reason for this change is that in India, there used to be a lake called Nubra, which is still known by this name. This lake's glacier repeatedly broke and flowed into the river, causing massive water surges. These surges led to the destruction of the entire population of Baltistan at that time. As a result of this catastrophe, a significant distance developed between Rgiayul and Kawardu, with a river and cold desert in between. Large trees uprooted by the floodwaters accumulated in an area called Roundu, and the debris caused stopped water there. This event, which occurred about 200 years ago, submerged the entire region of Baltistan. Due to this catastrophe, people migrated to various areas. One such area is Chunda, specifically a place above Gamba Skardu known as Chunda Valley, which still exists today. This valley is situated at the mountains. It was named Chunda because when people arrived by boat, they would tie their boats here. In the Balti language, rdua means rock and ching means to tie, hence the name Chunda.2.7.9.
The Strapkhor, the Jinn, and the Clever Old Woman
No full textThis tale, over 400 years old, has been passed down through generations in our family. We heard it from our great-grandfather, and it continues to be shared as a piece of our rich cultural heritage. In ancient times, humans coexisted with jinns. The advent of machinery, trains, airplanes, and cars marked the end of this era. Back then, populations were sparse, and houses were far apart, often one or two miles apart. Consequently, the entire region of Baltistan was inhabited by jinns. My great-grandfather used to tell us stories about jinns visiting our homes. One such tale involves a traditional dish called strapkhor, unique to Baltistan and possibly not found anywhere else in the world. The preparation of strapkhor is a lengthy process. First, wheat grains are soaked in water for several days until they sprout. The sprouted wheat is then dried in the sun. Once dried, it develops a distinct flavor, ready to be used in making strapkhor.
One day, an old woman was making strapkhor on an iron stove. Due to the scarcity of wood, they often used various weeds collected from pastures as fuel. While she was cooking, a woman who appeared to be a human entered the kitchen and offered her help. As the old woman placed the dough on the griddle, it kept disappearing mysteriously. The wise old woman quickly realized that her helper was not human but a fairy or a jinn. She cleverly asked the fairy to blow on the stove, claiming it wasn't burning properly. As the fairy bent down to blow on the stove, the old woman swiftly pushed her head into the red-hot iron stove. The fairy screamed and, instead of fleeing through the door, escaped through the stove's hood. Outside, another jinn was waiting for her. Seeing her condition, the waiting jinn spoke in their language, instructing her to invert her body "head down and feet up". When she did so, the iron rod stuck in her neck fell out. This encounter revealed to the old woman that the being was indeed a jinn. She noticed that the jinn had inverted feet and hair under their soles.2.7.9.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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