47 research outputs found
An integrated microfinancing concept for rural electrification by photovoltaics in developing countries
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Multiscale Modeling of the Åre 6.2 Thief Zones in the Heidrun Field: Its Potential for Fluid Flow Predictions
No full textThe upper reservoir intervals of the Lower Jurassic Åre Formation in the Heidrun Field (Offshore mid-Norway) are very heterolithic and have the lowest oil recovery factor of the field despite significant amounts of remaining reserves. One of these reservoir zones is the formation Åre 6.2, which is mainly composed of tide-dominated heterolithic channel belt deposits. It contains particular layers that have excellent properties with permeabilities up to 10 Darcy. These layers are predicted to affect the production results as they can act as ‘thief zones’ within the low permeable heterolithic facies causing large quantities of water to flow through, leading to poor sweep efficiency and early water breakthrough. This study focuses on constructing conceptual depositional models of the Åre 6.2 and building detailed geological models to investigate the effect of the thief zones on overall fluid flow predictions.Conceptual depositional models were constructed by determining the characteristics of the reservoir and its depositional environment. Seven cored wells were used as the primary data to interpret lithofacies and facies associations. The study showed that Åre 6.2 mainly consisted of structured sandstones and heterolithic lithofacies with features that indicate that tidal process play an important role in the deposition. The influence of tidal process on deposition is further exemplified by the identification of two different types of channel facies associations, which are tidal and distributary channels. The thief zones were found in both facies associations, suggesting that the thief zones were formed during high freshwater discharge into the channels supplying coarse sandy material influx during a phase of high-energy deposition. To make detailed models of the tidal and distributary channels, multiscale modeling techniques were utilized to better represent the reservoir heterogeneities at the lithofacies and facies association scales.At the lithofacies scale, models were built in SBEDTM and the upscaled values of each lithofacies were obtained by applying the Representative Element Volume (REV) concept. The upscaled values were then used as input in the facies association scale models in order to represent the heterogeneities at the lithofacies scale to the next heterogeneity level. This step is essential since heterogeneities at a smaller scale may affect reservoir flow properties. Two different channel models were built in ReservoirStudioTM based on the conceptual depositional model and using outcrop analogue data from the Gule Horn Formation (Neill Klinter Group) in the Albuen area (Greenland). Flow-based upscaling was used to analyze the model uncertainties and determine a proper upscaling grid size. Finally, streamline simulations were performed to identify the effect of the thief zones. The simulation confirms that the thief zones influence fluid flow in the reservoir zone significantly as most flow was concentrated in the thief zones.Petroleum Engineering and Geo-science
Adapting authoritarianism: institutions and co-optation in Egypt and Syria
No full textThis PhD thesis compares Egypt and Syria’s authoritarian political systems. While the tendency in social science political research treats Egypt and Syria as similarly authoritarian, this research emphasizes differences between the two systems with special reference to institutions and co-optation. Rather than reducibly understanding Egypt and Syria as sharing similar histories, institutional arrangements, or ascribing to the oft-repeated convention that “Syria is Egypt but 10 years behind,” this thesis focuses on how events and individual histories shaped each states current institutional strengthens and weaknesses. Specifically, it explains the how varying institutional politicization or de-politicization affects each state’s capabilities for co-opting elite and non-elite individuals.
Beginning with a theoretical framework that considers the limited utility of democratization and transition theoretical approaches, the work underscores the persistence and durability of authoritarianism. Chapter two details the politicized institutional divergence between Egypt and Syria that began in the 1970s. Chapter three and four examines how institutional politicization or de-politicization affects elite and non-elite individual co-optation in Egypt and Syria. Chapter five discusses the study’s general conclusions and theoretical implications.
This thesis’s argument is that Egypt and Syria co-opt elites and non-elites differently because of the varying degrees of institutional politicization in each governance system. Rather than view one country as more politically developed than the other, this work argues that Syria’s political institutions are more politicized than their Egyptian counterparts. Syria’s political arena is, thus, described as politicized-patrimonialism. Syria’s politicized-patrimonial arena produces uneven co-optation of elites and non-elites as they are diffused through competing institutions. Conversely, the Egyptian political arena remains highly personalized as weak institutions and individuals are manipulated and molded according to the president’s ruling clique. This is referred to as personalized-patrimonialism. As a consequence, Egypt’s political establishment demonstrates more flexibility in ad hoc altering and adapting its arena depending on the emergence of crises.
This study’s theoretical implications suggest that, contrary to modernization and democratization theory’s adage that institutions lead to a political development, politicized institutions within a patrimonial order actually hinder regime adaptation because consensus is harder to achieve and maintain. It is within this context that Egypt’s de-politicized institutional framework advantages its top political elite. In this reading of Egyptian and Syrian politics, Egypt’s personalized political arena is more adaptable than Syria’s. These conclusions do not indicate that political reform is a process underway in either state
Kinerja Kepala SMK Darussalam Ciputat dalam membangun kemitraan dengan Dunia Usaha/ Dunia Industri (DUDI)
No full textPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan bagaimana peranan kepala sekolah dalam mengkoordinir dan mengevaluasi serta membangun kerja sama kemitraan dengan DUDI. Penelitian ini juga menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif, melalui sumber data yang diambil dengan cara Purposive sampling dan snowball sampling. Tentang teknik pengumpulan data akan dilakukan melalui wawancara dan studi dokumentasi. Analisis yang akan penulis lakukan dengan cara reduksi data, dan disajikan serta melakukan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil yang ditunjukkan bahwa peranan kepala sekolah Berdasarkan deskripsi dan analisis hasil penelitian analisa bahwa peranan kepala sekolah dalam membangun kemitraan dengan DUDI sudah dilaksanakan dengan cukup baik. Secara manajerial, peranan kepala sekolah sudah dilakukan sesuai dengan tupoksi dan kedudukannya di dalam lembaga pendidikan. Namun secara operasional, peranan kepala sekolah masih belum optimal dikarenakan terbatasnya SDM yang tidak mencukupi kebutuhan program kemitraan
Approval sheet analysis of the mui fatwa on the use of gold powder in cosmetics for men
No full textThis study aims to find out how is MUI's view on the use of gold powder in cosmetics for men, and to find out what legal istinbath is used by MUI in the use of gold powder in cosmetics for men. This thesis research uses a type of qualitative research using library research data collection methods and a qualitative approach with a type of normative research that emphasizes the analysis of fatwas and the use of dalil related to the research theme, namely the Use of Gold Powder in Cosmetics for Men. The results of the research concluded from the explanation of the arguments from the Al-Quran, Hadith and Fiqhiyyah Rules show that the use of cosmetics containing gold particles for men is permissible if it is intended for interests that are permissible in shari'i. and if there is benefit in its use and there is no danger aspect in the use of gold particles
Creep in Oedometer for Marine Clay Soil
No full textA series of soil investigation including laboratory and in-situ tests has been carefully done to expand the
understanding of marine clay behavior around the coastal region of Malaysia. Around this country coastal
region, several researches had been conducted to investigate the soil properties of marine clay soil. Due to
rapid development in this developing country, there are a great number of construction involving marine
clay soil at the coastal region. Deformation of marine clay soil is one of the important factors that engineers
need to predict before the construction began and a lot of studies on clay deformation had been conducted.
However, the studies of long term deformation of soil or creep is certainly been neglected. The deformation
of soil due to creep condition over the constant load is a major challenge for soil engineering. In
geotechnical engineering studies, soil will deform over time when it is subjected to certain loading. Thus,
the author highlight the interest to study the geotechnical properties of marine clay at Sarawak Field and
creep behavior of this marine clay sample under various constant loading where oedometer tests were
conducted to determine the creep pattern in marine clay sample
