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Pengaruh self efficacy dan dukungan sosial terhadap keterampilan berbicara (speaking) Bahasa Inggris pada siswa kelas X di SMA Laboratorium UM
Get PDFINDONESIA
Saat ini Bahasa Inggris sudah mulai di wajibkan dalam pembelajaran mulai dari jenjang pendidikan Sekolah Dasar, namun sayangnya masih banyak pelajar yang merasa kesulitan untuk berbicara dengan Bahasa Inggris. Diduga faktor internal seperti Self Efficacy dan faktor eksternal seperti Dukungan Sosial berkontribusi dalam keterampilan berbicara siswa. Dimana Self Efficacy merupakan keyakinan individu atas kemampuan yang dimiliki untuk menyelesaikan tugas atau tantangan dan Dukungan Sosial merupakan bentuk bantuan baik berupa kepedulian ataupun bantuan secara langsung yang diberikan orang lain kepada individu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat Self Efficacy, Dukungan Sosial dan Keterampilan Berbicara siswa kelas X dan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Self Efficacy dan Dukungan Sosial terhadap Keterampilan Berbicara Bahasa Inggris.
Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan teknik analisis regresi berganda. Responden penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X di SMA Laboratorium UM dengan total sampel sebanyak 70 siswa. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan nilai speaking siswa, skala General Self Efficacy Scale (GSES) dan skala Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) serta didukung juga dengan dengan teori Dukungan Sosial menurut Sarafino. Analisis data didukung dengan aplikasi SPSS 23 for Windows.
Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Mayoritas siswa memiliki tingkat Self Efficacy yang sedang (55,7%). 2) Tingkat Dukungan Sosial kebanyakan siswa pada tingkat tinggi (58,6%). 3) Tingkat Keterampilan Berbicara siswa mayoritas pada tingkat tinggi (67,1%). 4) hasil uji hipotesis menunjukkan Self Efficacy secara sendiri tidak memiliki pengaruh dengan keterampilan berbicara 5) Dukungan Sosial secara sendiri memiliki pengaruh sebesar 7,44% terhadap keterampilan berbicara 6) Self Efficacy dan Dukungan Sosial secara bersama memengaruhi keterampilan berbicara sebesar 11,7%. Temuan dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Self Efficacy saja tidak cukup mendorong seseorang untuk bisa berbicara dengan Bahasa Inggris, namun jika didukung dengan lingkungan yang baik dan mendukung siswa maka siswa tersebut dapat lebih terbuka untuk berkomunikasi dengan Bahasa
ENGLISH
Inggris. Currently, English has begun to be made mandatory in learning starting from Elementary School level, but unfortunately there are still many students who find it difficult to speak English. It is suspected that internal factors such as Self Efficacy and external factors such as Social Support contribute to students' speaking skills. Where Self Efficacy is an individual's belief in their ability to complete tasks or challenges and Social Support is a form of assistance in the form of concern, feelings of being loved or direct assistance given by others to individuals. This study aims to determine the level of Self Efficacy, Social Support and Speaking Skills of grade X students and to determine the effect of Self Efficacy and Social Support on English Speaking Skills.
This study uses a quantitative approach with multiple regression analysis techniques. The respondents of this study were grade X students at SMA Laboratorium UM with a total sample of 70 students. Data collection was carried out using student speaking scores, the General Self Efficacy Scale (GSES) scale and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) scale and also supported by the Social Support theory according to Sarafino. Data analysis was supported by the SPSS 23 for Windows application.
The results of the study showed that: 1) The majority of students have a moderate level of Self Efficacy (55.7%). 2) The level of Social Support of most students is at a high level (58.6%). 3) The level of Speaking Skills of the majority of students is at a high level (67.1%). 4) the results of the hypothesis test showed that Self Efficacy alone has no effect on speaking skills 5) Social Support alone has an effect of 7.44% on speaking skills 6) Self Efficacy and Social Support together affect speaking skills by 11.7%. The findings in this study indicate that Self Efficacy alone is not enough to encourage someone to be able to speak English, but if supported by a good and supportive environment for students, the students can be more open to communicating in English.
ARABIC
هناك العديد من الطالب الذين يجدون صعوبة في التحدث باللغة اإلنجليزية. يُشتبه في أن العوامل الداخلية مثل
الكفاءة الذاتية والعوامل الخارجية مثل الدعم االجتماعي تساهم في مهارات التحدث لدى الطالب. حيث أن
الكفاءة الذاتية هي إيمان الفرد بقدرته على إكمال مهمة أو تحدٍ ما والدعم االجتماعي هو شكل من أشكال
المساعدة في شكل رعاية أو شعور بالحب أو مساعدة مباشرة يقدمها اآلخرون لألفراد. تهدف هذه الدراسة
إلى تحديد مستوى ا لكفاءة الذاتية والدعم االجتماعي ومهارات التحدث لدى طالب الصف العاشر وتحديد تأثير
.الكفاءة الذاتية والدعم االجتماعي على مهارات التحدث باللغة اإلنجليزية
تستخدم هذه الدراسة منه ًجا كميًا باستخدام تقنيات تحليل االنحدار المتعدد. كان المبحوثون في هذه الدراسة
بعينة إجمالية قوامها 70 طالبًا. تم جمع البيانات UM طالب الصف العاشر في المدرسة الثانوية المختبرية
ومقياس الدعم االجتماعي المدرك (GSES (باستخدام درجات تحدث الطالب، ومقياس الكفاءة الذاتية العام
وتم دعمه أي ًضا بنظرية الدعم االجتماعي لسرافينو. تم دعم تحليل البيانات بواسطة (MSPSS (متعدد األبعاد
.لنظام التشغيل ويندوز 23 SPSS تطبيق أظهرت النتائج أن 1( غالبية الطالب لديهم مستوى معتدل من الكفاءة الذاتية )%55.7(. 2( مستوى الدعم االجتماعي لمعظم الطالب في مستوى عا ٍل )%58.6(. 3( مستوى مهارات التحدث لدى غالبية الطلبة في
مستوى عا ٍل )%67.1(. 4( تُظهر نتائج اختبار الفرضيات أن الكفاءة الذاتية وحدها ليس لها تأثير على مهارات
التحدث 5( الدعم االجتماعي وحده له تأثير بنسبة %7.44 على مهارات التحدث 6( الكفاءة الذاتية والدعم
يؤثران على مهارات التحدث بنسبة
االجتماعي معا .%11.7 تشير النتائج التي توصلت إليها هذه الدراسة إلى ً
أن الكفاءة الذاتية وحدها ال تكفي لتشجيع شخص ما على التحدث باللغة اإلنجليزية، ولكن إذا كانت مدعومة
.ببيئة جيدة وداعمة، يمكن أن يكون الطالب أكثر انفتا ًحا على التواصل باللغة اإلنجليزي
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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