1,721,138 research outputs found
Datasets in support of the Doctoral Thesis 'Characterising the short- and long-term biomolecular consequences of early life malnutrition and its impact on health and development'
No full textMeta and metabolomic data relating to the ELICIT (Early Life Interventions for Childhood Growth and Development) trial used in Chapter 3 and 4, the LoSCM (Long-term outcomes after severe childhood malnutrition in adolescents in Malawi) study used in Chapter 5, and a Bangladeshi study of nutritional rickets used in Chapter 6.</span
Small talk: microbial metabolites involved in the signaling from microbiota to brain
Full text linkThe wealth of biotransformational capabilities encoded in the microbiome expose the host to an array of bioactive xenobiotic products. Several of these metabolites participate in the communication between the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system and have potential to modulate central physiological and pathological processes. This biochemical interplay can occur through various direct and indirect mechanisms. These include binding to host receptors in the brain, stimulation of the vagus nerve in the gut, alteration of central neurotransmission, and modulation of neuroinflammation. Here, the potential for short chain fatty acids, bile acids, neurotransmitters and other bioactive products of the microbiome to participate in the gut-brain axis will be reviewed
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Nutrimetabonomics: applications for nutritional sciences, with specific reference to gut microbial interactions
No full textUnderstanding the role of the diet in determining human health and disease is one major objective of modern nutrition. Mammalian biocomplexity necessitates the incorporation of systems biology technologies into contemporary nutritional research. Metabonomics is a powerful approach that simultaneously measures the low-molecular-weight compounds in a biological sample, enabling the metabolic status of a biological system to be characterized. Such biochemical profiles contain latent information relating to inherent parameters, such as the genotype, and environmental factors, including the diet and gut microbiota. Nutritional metabonomics, or nutrimetabonomics, is being increasingly applied to study molecular interactions between the diet and the global metabolic system. This review discusses three primary areas in which nutrimetabonomics has enjoyed successful application in nutritional research: the illumination of molecular relationships between nutrition and biochemical processes; elucidation of biomarker signatures of food components for use in dietary surveillance; and the study of complex trans-genomic interactions between the mammalian host and its resident gut microbiome. Finally, this review illustrates the potential for nutrimetabonomics in nutritional science as an indispensable tool to achieve personalized nutrition
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Nutrimetabonomics: nutritional applications of metabolic profiling
No full textAn individual's metabolic phenotype, and ultimately health, is significantly influenced by complex interactions between their genes and the diet. Studying these associations and their downstream biochemical consequences has proven extremely challenging using traditional hypothesis-led strategies. Metabonomics, a systems biology approach, allows the global metabolic response of biological systems to stimuli to be characterised. Through the application of this approach to nutritional-based research, nutrimetabonomics, the biochemical response to dietary inputs is being investigated at greater levels of resolution. This has allowed novel insights to be gained regarding intricate diet-gene interactions and their consequences for health and disease. In this review, we present some of the latest research exploring how nutrimetabonomics can assist in the elucidation of novel biomarkers of dietary behaviour and provide new perspectives on diet-health relationships. The use of this approach to study the metabolic interplay between the gut microbiota and the host is also explored
Metabolomics and the gut–brain axis
No full textIt is now well established that a multidimensional pan-kingdom communication network exists between the gut microbiota and the brain. This dialogue is bidirectional and involves multiple lines of communication. The metabolic output of the intestinal microbiota represents a major component of this crosstalk. Gut microbial metabolites can act locally on the enteric nervous system, and/or reach the central nervous system to elicit their effects. The metabolic activity of the gut microbiota and its resultant metabolites have an important role in normal brain function and have been shown to impact on the brain across the life-course, influencing neurodevelopmental, neuropsychiatric, and neurodegenerative disorders. The metabolites involved in the gut–brain axis span a range of chemical classes including short-chain fatty acids, bile acids, choline-related metabolites, and vitamins among others. Metabolomics is a systems biology approach that seeks to comprehensively measure a diverse range of metabolites in a biological sample, capturing the metabolome. Importantly, the metabolome contains not only molecules derived from host endogenous processes but also those derived from the microbiota, and their biochemical interactions with the host. As such, metabolomics provides an excellent tool for studying the biochemical component of the microbiota–gut–brain axis.</p
Author correction: obesity and ethnicity alter gene expression in skin
No full textDaniel Butler was omitted from the author list in the original version of this Article. The Author contributions section now reads: “J.M.W. designed, conducted, and contributed to the writing of the manuscript, prepared Fig. 1. S.G. evaluated and did statistical analysis on the skin and fat samples, prepared Figs. 2–9. J.O.A. evaluated and contributed to writing the manuscript. D.B prepared and sequenced DNA libraries for the skin microbiota data, and wrote the applicable parts of the methods section. C.M. analyzed and wrote up the skin microbiota data, prepared Fig. 10. All authors have read the manuscript and approved its contents. D.D. analyzed and wrote up the skin microbiota data. S.Z. ran and analyzed the skin metabolite data. J.S. assisted in design, analysis and wrote up the skin metabolite data. J.K. assisted in analysis write up of skin and fat data. J.L.B. assisted in analysis, interpretation and writing of the manuscript. P.R.H. designed, analyzed, interpreted the data, and was the primary author of the manuscript.” This has been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of the Article, and in the accompanying Supplementary Information file.</p
Assessing the impact of gut dysbiosis on mental health outcomes in critical illness: A systematic review
No full textThis dataset has been updated. Please use the version at https://doi.org/10.5258/SOTON/D3339
VERSION 1
A systematic review to assess existing literature on the relationship between gut dysbiosis and mental health outcomes of intensive care survivors. A search strategy has been created and four databases including MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library and PsycINFO were used.</span
Assessing the impact of gut dysbiosis on mental health outcomes in critical illness: A scoping review
No full textA scoping review to assess existing literature on the relationship between gut dysbiosis and mental health outcomes of intensive care survivors. A search strategy has been created and four databases including MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Web of Science and PsycINFO were used.
This version of the dataset, https://doi.org/10.5258/soton/d3339v2, was updated on 2015/02/17. The previous version is available at https://doi.org/10.5258/soton/d3339v1
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The effects of a hydrolyzed protein diet on the plasma, fecal and urine metabolome in cats with chronic enteropathy
No full textHydrolyzed protein diets are extensively used to treat chronic enteropathy (CE) in cats. However, the biochemical effects of such a diet on feline CE have not been characterized. In this study an untargeted 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy-based metabolomic approach was used to compare the urinary, plasma, and fecal metabolic phenotypes of cats with CE to control cats with no gastrointestinal signs recruited at the Royal Veterinary College (RVC). In addition, the biomolecular consequences of a hydrolyzed protein diet in cats with CE was also separately determined in cats recruited from the RVC (n = 16) and the University of Bristol (n = 24) and whether these responses differed between dietary responders and non-responders. Here, plasma metabolites related to energy and amino acid metabolism significantly varied between CE and control cats in the RVC cohort. The hydrolyzed protein diet modulated the urinary metabolome of cats with CE (p = 0.005) in both the RVC and Bristol cohort. In the RVC cohort, the urinary excretion of phenylacetylglutamine, p-cresyl-sulfate, creatinine and taurine at diagnosis was predictive of dietary response (p = 0.025) although this was not observed in the Bristol cohort. Conversely, in the Bristol cohort plasma betaine, glycerol, glutamine and alanine at diagnosis was predictive of outcome (p = 0.001), but these same results were not observed in the RVC cohort. The biochemical signature of feline CE in the RVC cohort was consistent with that identified in human and animal models of inflammatory bowel disease. The hydrolyzed protein diet had the same effect on the urinary metabolome of cats with CE at both sites. However, biomarkers that were predictive of dietary response at diagnosis differed between the 2 sites. This may be due to differences in disease severity, disease heterogeneity, factors unrelated to the disease or small sample size at both sites. As such, further studies utilizing larger number of cats are needed to corroborate these findings.</p
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