1,721,017 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Past and future trends in nutrient export by 19 rivers to the coastal waters of Indonesia
No full textThis article analyzes past and future trends in nutrient export of dissolved and particulate nitrogen and phosphorus by rivers into the coastal waters of Indonesia. The focus is on 19 rivers included in the Global Nutrients Export from WaterSheds model. In the past, export of dissolved inorganic nitrogen by rivers doubled, while export of other forms of nitrogen and phosphorus by rivers did not change largely. For future trends of four Millennium Ecosystem Assessment scenarios, the largest increases are calculated for river export of dissolved inorganic phosphorus by rivers caused by increased inputs from sewage systems. The export of other nutrient forms is relatively constant in time, which is surprising, given the growing population and the associated increasing inputs of nitrogen and phosphorus to the land. Changes in export by rivers are the net effect of human activities and changes in hydrology. The results indicate that future increases in nitrogen and phosphorus inputs on land are partly counterbalanced by decreases in basin discharge as a result of climate change and consumptive water use. These results differ from other Asian regions, for which large increases in nitrogen and phosphorus inputs to coastal waters are calculated. This can be explained by population growth, gross domestic product increase, and sewage system development
Fast increases in urban sewage inputs to rivers of Indonesia
No full textWe present estimates for nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) sewage inputs to 19 Indonesian rivers for 1970–2050. Future trends are based on the four scenarios of the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. Our results indicate a rapid increase in N and P pollution from sewage over time. In 1970, N and P inputs to rivers were low because not many households were connected to sewage systems discharging to rivers. Sewage connection is increasing over time. As a result, N and P inputs to rivers increase. We calculate that between 2000 and 2050 the N and P inputs increase with a factor of 17–40, depending on the scenario. Important determinants of future N and P sewage inputs are population, economic growth, urbanization, sewage systems development and wastewater treatment. Our calculations are based on an improved model for N and P inputs to rivers, indicating that previous estimates underestimated these inputs considerably
BIOHOLE EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS THROUGH THE DISTRIBUTION PATTERN OF MICROBES AT EACH DEPTH IN REAL TIME ON ORGANOSOL SOIL
No full textThis research was conducted on organosol soils, especially for plantations, with the aim of not only restoring the health and fertility of the soil due to the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides as well as seeing the pattern of EC distribution at each depth from the center of the biohole based on the time of observation. Through controlled microbial activity, its spread through two types of biohole, namely horizontal and vertical biohole. This research observes in real time through soil parameter sensors connected to the micro controller to changes in soil acidity, infiltration rate, conductivity electrolyte level and porosity level through soil infiltration rate.
Through simulations with 2 types of biohole, it can be seen the increase in EC in each depth to the time of observation in real time. From the observations of graphs and EC standards, it can be seen that the ability of the soil to provide nutrients in the root growth zone to support the schedule and distribution patterns of planting both during vegetative growth and generative growth periods. So that we will know the proper biohole distance and spacing in order to be able to provide vegetative and generative mass nutrition based on nutrient values monitored through sensors that change the analog parameters in the micro processor into digital information transmitted by wifi in real time.
Organosol soil fertility simulation based on the number of microbial populations = 10 8 / cfu with Variable 1: The effective depth for providing root nutrition is up to a depth of 30 cm with a soil fertility value or Electrolyte Conductivity / EC 1500 uS / cm to 2750 uS / cm achieved on day 10 to day 60. Varibale 2 : The effective depth for providing root nutrition to a depth of 24 cm with a soil fertility value or Electrolyte Conductivity / EC 1200 uS / cm to 2900 uS / cm is achieved on day 10 to day 60
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
The effects of dams in rivers on N and P export to the coastal waters in Indonesia in the future
No full textWe used Global NEWS to analyze the effects of dams in large rivers on nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) inputs to the coastal waters of Indonesia for the period 1970–2050. We model N and P export by rivers, taking into account nutrient retention on land, during river transport and in dammed reservoirs. Our results indicate that N and P export by rivers to coastal seas may increase over time. In the past the N and P inputs to coastal waters of Indonesia were low and have increased relatively fast since 1970 as a result of human activities. For the coming decades we calculate that P inputs to coastal waters in Indonesia may double while N inputs may increase by up to 20%. Damming may slow down these increases to some extent. Our study illustrates that it is important in river nutrient export models to appropriately account for nutrient retention in dam waters
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