1,720,965 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Identification of genetic factors which lead to a severe clinical course during infection with SARS-CoV-2
Full text linkEinleitung:
Die SARS-CoV-2 Pandemie ist bisher eines der herausforderndsten Ereignisse des 21. Jahrhunderts und stellt Wirtschaft, Politik und vor allem das Gesundheitswesen vor enorme Herausforderungen. Eine verlässliche und möglichst frühzeitige Risikoeinschätzung für einen schweren klinischen Verlauf könnten entscheidend sein für die wirksame Verteilung von personellen und materiellen Ressourcen zur Bewältigung der Pandemie. Zahlreiche Risikofaktoren z.B. Alter, BMI, Vorerkrankungen wie kardiovaskuläre Erkrankungen, Diabetes Mellitus und Asthma bronchiale (1) sind bereits bekannt. Dennoch gibt es unterschiedliche klinische Verläufe bei Patient*innen mit ähnlichen bekannten klinischen Risikofaktoren.
Hypothesen:
Neben den klinischen und erworbenen Risikofaktoren gibt es genetische Risikofaktoren, die das Risiko für einen schweren klinischen Verlauf, d.h. eine intensivmedizinische Versorgung mit invasiver künstlicher Beatmung, erhöhen.
Methoden:
Es wurden 288 Patient*innen aus 4 Krankenhäusern in Spanien, Deutschland und der Schweiz rekrutiert. Zusätzlich konnten Datensätze der University of California, San Francisco und der Gene Expression Omnibus Datenbank mit insgesamt 147 Patient*innen eingeschlossen werden. Schlussendlich wurden bei 435 Patientenproben eine HLA-Typisierung (A, B und C Loci), sowie eine Exomsequenzierung nach dem „targeted gene approach“ Prinzip durchgeführt. Die Daten wurden auf Assoziationen mit den Ereignissen Intubation und Notwendigkeit einer intensivmedizinischen Therapie untersucht. Eine Affinitätsanalyse der HLA-Allele, eine Hauptkomponentenanalyse, sowie Analyse nach ethnischen Subgruppen wurde ebenfalls durchgeführt. Anschließend wurden die Ergebnisse dieser Arbeit mit verfügbaren genomweiten Assoziationsstudien verglichen und auf eine haplotypische Vererbung hin untersucht.
Ergebnisse:
In dieser Arbeit konnte gezeigt werden, dass das HLA-Allel-C*04:01 einen Risikofaktor für die Notwendigkeit einer invasiven Ventilation darstellt und somit einen schweren klinischen Verlauf begünstigt. Eine äußerst niedrige Affinität von HLA-C*04:01 zu Proteinen von SARS-CoV-2 unterstützt das Ergebnis, da eine niedrige Bindungsaffinität mit einer schlechteren Immunantwort einhergeht. Somit trägt diese Arbeit dazu bei, potenzielle Risikofaktoren bei Patient*innen mit COVID-19 zu identifizieren und könnte zukünftig helfen, Ressourcen entsprechend zu planen. Zudem fügt sie einen weiteren Baustein zum Verständnis der Pathogenese von COVID-19 Infektionen hinzu.Introduction:
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has been one of the most challenging events of the 21st century and poses enormous challenges to the economy, politics and, above all, the healthcare sector. Health care systems had not been designed to supply a large part of the country's population simultaneously. A reliable, efficient risk assessment for a severe clinical course could be decisive for the most effective distribution of resources to cope with the pandemic. Numerous risk factors e.g. age, BMI, previous illnesses such as coronary heart disease, diabetes mellitus and bronchial asthma1 have already been described in the literature. However, even patients with similar clinical risk factors, may have a strikingly different clinical course.
Hypotheses:
In addition to the clinical and acquired risk factors, there are genetic risk factors for a severe clinical course, defined as necessity of admission to the intensive care unit and/or invasive ventilation.
Methods:
In total 288 patients from 4 hospitals in 3 countries (Spain, Germany and Switzerland) were recruited. In addition, records from the University of California, San Francisco and the Gene Expression Omnibus database with a total of 147 patients were included. Finally, HLA typing (A, B and C loci) and exome sequencing according to the “targeted gene approach” principle were performed on 435 samples. The data were examined for associations with the events intubation and the need for intensive care therapy. An affinity analysis of the HLA alleles, principal component analysis and analysis according to ethnic subgroups was also performed. The results of this work were then compared with available genome-wide association studies and examined for haplotypic inheritance.
Results:
The HLA allele C*04:01 represents a risk factor for the necessity of invasive ventilation and a severe clinical course. An extremely low affinity for SARS-CoV-2 proteins supports the result, since a low binding affinity is associated with a poorer immune response.
Therefore, this work helps to estimate the risk of patients with COVID-19 together with other clinical risk factors, so that resources can be distributed accordingly in the event of illness. It also adds another building block to the understanding of COVID-19 pathogenesis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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