13 research outputs found
Synthesis of quinoxaline derivatives catalyzed by Brønsted acidic ionic liquid under solvent-free conditions
Get PDFBrønsted acidic ionic liquid (BAIL) found an efficient and eco-friendly for quinoxaline preparation via condensation of 1,2-phenylene diamines and 1,2-diketones. This simple protocol is carried out under solvent-free condition and at room temperature. Relatively short reaction times, high yields, efficiency, generality, simple methodology, low-cost materials, easy work-up, ease of preparation and regeneration of the catalyst and green conditions are the main advantages of this protocol. © 2020 Author(s).A. Majee acknowledges financial support from the CSIR-major research project (ref. No. 02(0383)/19/EMR-II). A. Mukherjee is thankful to the Russian Science Foundation – Russia (ref. # 18-73-00301) for funding. We are thankful to the DST-FIST and UGC-SAP program
An ANFIS model-based approach to investigate the effect of lockdown due to COVID-19 on public health
No full textDuring the first and second quarters of the year 2020, most of the countries had implemented complete or partial lockdown policies to slow down the transmission of the COVID-19. To cultivate the effect of lockdown due to COVID-19 on public health, we have collected the data of six primary parameters, namely systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood sugar, insomnia, cholesterol, and respiratory distress of 200 randomly chosen people from a municipality region of West Bengal, India before and after lockdown. With the help of these data and Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS), we have formulated a model that has established that lockdown due to COVID-19 has negligible impacts on the individuals with better health condition but has significant effects on the health conditions to those populations who have poor health
The impact of media awareness on a fractional-order SEIR epidemic model with optimal treatment and vaccination
No full textDuring any pandemic, to decrease the spreading possibility of infectious diseases to people, boosting public awareness is crucial. Media helps to boost this awareness. This paper aims to check the impact of awareness of media regarding infectious diseases. For this reason, an SEIR-type epidemic model is proposed and examined in this research, along with the memory effect. Here, stability analysis and the existence and uniqueness of the non-negative and bounded solution of our model are explored. The basic reproduction number is calculated using the next-generation matrix method. Depending on the value of , only one endemic equilibrium occurs and is stable for . In addition, it is found that the system encounters a transcritical bifurcation at . Here, the optimal treatment and vaccination are determined using the fractional-order optimal control. The findings are also displayed and corroborated by replicating the model with certain hypothetical parameter values, and it can be concluded that fractional order produces better outcomes when the sickness persists in the population. To determine how sensitive the parameters are to and the state variables, we do local and global sensitivity analysis. Sensitivity analysis reveals that by reducing the rates of new recruitment and disease transmission, we might be able to lower the value of . We might be able to retain more susceptibles in the susceptible class by increasing media literacy as well
Impact of incubation and gestation periods on the dynamics of a spatially heterogeneous eco-epidemiological model
No full textAbstract This study investigates a spatiotemporal eco-epidemic model describing prey–predator dynamics in which the infectious disease affects only the prey population. The model incorporates prey refuge and intraspecific competition among predators and focuses on the stability of the interior equilibrium to analyse disease-driven ecological interactions. Methodologically, this study first derived conditions for Turing instability in the non-delayed system, revealing how diffusion-driven spatial heterogeneity can destabilise homogeneous states. Subsequently, for both non-delayed and delayed systems, Hopf bifurcation analysis is performed to investigate the interaction of incubation and gestation delays both separately and together. Qualitative numerical simulations are conducted to validate the theoretical results. Key findings show that incubation delay causes Hopf bifurcation, therefore changing stability in non-diffusive as well as diffusive systems. Gestation delay may cause stability switching in non-diffusive environments by means of mismatched prey–predator growth-consumption rates. Spatial heterogeneity reduces the destabilisation effect of the gestation delay but loses this stabilising power under fixed incubation delay, stressing complicated delay-space interactions. These results highlight the vital impact of biological delays and spatial heterogeneity on eco-epidemic systems. The study underlines the importance of including temporal lags and spatial processes in forecasts of the effects of disease on ecological dynamics, therefore providing knowledge for conservation and outbreak management strategies
Differentially expressed myo-inositol monophosphatase gene (CaIMP) in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) encodes a lithium-sensitive phosphatase enzyme with broad substrate specificity and improves seed germination and seedling growth under abiotic stresses
No full textmyo-Inositol monophosphatase (IMP) is an essential enzyme in the myo-inositol metabolic pathway where it primarily dephosphorylates myo-inositol 1-phosphate to maintain the cellular inositol pool which is important for many metabolic and signalling pathways in plants. The stress-induced increased accumulation of inositol has been reported in a few plants including chickpea; however, the role and regulation of IMP is not well defined in response to stress. In this work, it has been shown that IMP activity is distributed in all organs in chickpea and was noticeably enhanced during environmental stresses. Subsequently, using degenerate oligonucleotides and RACE strategy, a full-length IMP cDNA (CaIMP) was cloned and sequenced. Biochemical study revealed that CaIMP encodes a lithium-sensitive phosphatase enzyme with broad substrate specificity, although maximum activity was observed with the myo-inositol 1-phosphate and l-galactose 1-phosphate substrates. Transcript analysis revealed that CaIMP is differentially expressed and regulated in different organs, stresses and phytohormones. Complementation analysis in Arabidopsis further confirmed the role of CaIMP in l-galactose 1-phosphate and myo-inositol 1-phosphate hydrolysis and its participation in myo-inositol and ascorbate biosynthesis. Moreover, Arabidopsis transgenic plants over-expressing CaIMP exhibited improved tolerance to stress during seed germination and seedling growth, while the VTC4/IMP loss-of-function mutants exhibited sensitivity to stress. Collectively, CaIMP links various metabolic pathways and plays an important role in improving seed germination and seedling growth, particularly under stressful environments. © The Author 2013. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology
TRIPOD TYPE 2,2′-BIPYRIDINE LIGAND FOR THE LANTHANIDE CATIONS: THE SYNTHESIS AND THE PHOTOPHYSICAL STUDIES ON COORDINATION TO TRANSITION METAL CATIONS
Get PDFNew tripod-type 2,2'-bipyridine ligand consisting of a central polyaminocarboxylic moiety for the coordination to lanthanide cations and three appended 5-phenyl-2,2'-bipyridine fragments for the coordination to various transition metal cations have been prepared. A europium complex of this ligand was prepared, and its photophysical properties and a luminescent response towards transition metal salts (particularly, CdI2, Cd(OAc)2, Zn(ClO4)2, Cu(OAc)2, HgCl2) have been studied. Europium cation luminescence quenching in the presence of transition metal salts in solution was observed in all cases. In addition, it was observed that the fluorescent response of the europium complex was quite individual depending on the type of the metal salt. The obtained data were compared with the earlier published data for some lanthanide complexes bearing additional sites for the chelation of transition metal cations.The accepted manuscript in pdf format is listed with the files at the bottom of this page. The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the manuscript may differ slightly between what is listed on this page and what is listed in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript; that in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript is what was submitted by the author
Flexible organic–inorganic hybrid layer encapsulation for organic opto-electronic devices
Get PDFIn this work we produce and study the flexible organic–inorganic hybrid moisture barrier layers for the protection of air sensitive organic opto-electronic devices. The inorganic amorphous silicon nitride layer (SiNx:H) and the organic PMMA [poly (methyl methacrylate)] layer are deposited alternatingly by using hot wire chemical vapor deposition (HW-CVD) and spin-coating techniques, respectively. The effect of organic–inorganic hybrid interfaces is analyzed for increasing number of interfaces. We produce highly transparent (∼80% in the visible region) hybrid structures. The morphological properties are analysed providing a good basis for understanding the variation of the water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) values. A minimum WVTR of 4.5 × 10−5g/m2day is reported at the ambient atmospheric conditions for 7 organic/inorganic interfaces. The hybrid barriers show superb mechanical flexibility which confirms their high potential for flexible applications.The authors would like to thank Dr. J.C. Vanel for help in electrical characterizations used in this study. The first author (S.M) acknowledges the financial support from Direction des Relations Extérieures, Ecole Polytechnique during his thesis
Unsymmetrically functionalized 5,5''-diaryl- and 5,6,5''-triaryl-2,2':6',2''-terpyridines: an efficient synthetic route and photophysical properties
Get PDFAn efficient approach for the synthesis of 5,5''- or 5,6,5''-arylsubstituted 2,2':6',2''-terpyridines, bearing an anneleted cyclopentene unit in one of the side-chain pyridine ring for the improved solubility in organic solvents, via their 1,2,4-triazine analogues has been developed. By using this approach, various aromatic substituents were introduced in the 2,2':6',2''-terpyridine core. Depending on the nature of the aromatic substituents the obtained terpyridines exhibited an intense emission in a range of ca. 344â 394 nm in acetonitrile solutions. For the most representative compounds a pronounced bathochromic shifts in both absorption and emission spectra were observed compare to previously reported substituted terpyridines.The accepted manuscript in pdf format is listed with the files at the bottom of this page. The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the manuscript may differ slightly between what is listed on this page and what is listed in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript; that in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript is what was submitted by the author
Cellular Responses in the Pigeonpea Wild Relative Cajanus platycarpus to Helicoverpa armigera Herbivory: The Role of Methionine Sulfoxide Reductase B1 (CpMSRB1) in Enhanced Defense
No full textUnderstanding key cellular mechanisms leading to improved defense against various stressors is essential for cultivating robust nutritious crops capable of flourishing in diverse environments. We present an in-depth characterization of the defense response in the pigeonpea wild relative Cajanus platycarpus to herbivory by pod borer Helicoverpa armigera. To fight the attacking pest, C. platycarpus strategically activated non-enzymatic reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers and unleashed methionine sulfoxide reductases to safeguard the integrity of methionine residues. We unveiled for the first time physical interaction between CpMSRB1 and chorismate mutase (CpCM1.1), a pivotal player in the phenylpropanoid pathway. This association fueled the synthesis of phenylpropanoids and enhanced ROS scavenging crucial for repelling herbivores. Repairing CpCM1.1 also boosted salicylic acid production, coordinating defense signaling with jasmonic acid. Additionally, heterologous expression of CpMSRB1 in tomato improved defense against herbivory by enhanced ROS scavenging and polyphenol production. This study demonstrates the role of CpMSRB1 in protecting a major enzyme in the shikimate pathway, reinforcing defense against H. armigera. [Figure: see text] Copyright © 2025 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license
