130 research outputs found
A gazetteer and summary of French pottery imported into Scotland c. 1150 to c. 1650 a ceramic contribution to Scotland's economic history Ceramic Resource Disc 3
No full textThe proposal for a series of published inventories, by countries, of all the imported medieval and post medieval pottery recovered from excavations and field walking in Scotland, was advanced on the final day of the Medieval Pottery Research Group’s conference held in Edinburgh in May 2001. Taking on the roll of creating a gazetteer and catalogue of French pottery in Scotland, it was the authors aim to build on the pioneering work of John Hurst and other medieval ceramicists and in the process make a contribution to the ongoing research on identifiable medieval and post-medieval ceramics traded around the North and Irish Sea
Microbiology Topics. ABOUT THE AUTHOR Measurement of Microbial Cells by Optical Density
No full text"Microbiology Topics" discusses various topics in microbiology of practical use in validation and compliance. We intend this column to be a useful resource for daily work applications. Reader comments, questions, and suggestions are needed to help us fulfill our objective for this column. Please send your comments and suggestions to column coordinator Scott Sutton at scott. [email protected] or journal coordinating editor Susan Haigney at [email protected]. KEY POINTS The following key points are discussed: Quality control (QC) microbiology tests require controlled levels of inocula and require fresh preparations of cells for those inocula The concentration of cells in a suspension can be estimated by optical density, but this must be confirmed by plate count The optical density readings against cell mass are specific to the microorganism species The qualification of these readings must be confirmed after major maintenance to the bench top spectrophotometer (e.g., after replacement of the bulb). There are, of course, two problems with these instructions. The first is that the technician is instructed to use an inoculum of about 10 8 microorganisms per milliliter and then instructed to determine this by plate count. Colony forming units (CFU) and cells (micro-organisms and spores) are different measures. This will inevitably lead to difficulties as the unfortunate lab worker cannot guarantee the number of cells in the suspension, only the number of CFU found. However, we can accept the scientific inaccuracy, as the numbers will generally work out. The more serious problem is the instruction to use the plate count CFU for determination of the inoculum for the test, and that the suspension shall be used immediately. This quite frankly cannot be done. If you use the suspension immediately, the plate counts are unavailable; if you use the plate counts to set the inoculum, then the suspension is at least a day old. DETERMINATION OF INOCULUM FOR THE AET Contrast these instructions with those in the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) (2) for the same exercise: Scott Sutton are needed to help us fulfill our objective fo fo for this column. Please send your comments an an and d d su u ugg gg gges es etions to column coordinator Scott Su Su Sutt tt tton n n at sc sc scot ot ott. t. t. [email protected] or journal co co coor o o dina a nating e e editor Susan Haigney at shaigney@ y@ [email protected]. KEY POINTS suspending fluid … Add sufficient suspend fluid to reduce the microbial count to about micro-organisms per milliliter…Remove imm ately a suitable sample from each suspension d d de d termine the number of colony-forming u per milliliter in each suspension by plate coun membrane filtration (2.6.12). This value se KEY POINTS The following key points are discuss sed ed: Quality control (QC) microbiolog gy test sts s re equ quire controlled levels of inocula and nd r re equi ire f fresh sh preparations of cells for those inocula The co o onc ncen en ntr tr trat at atio io ion n n of cells in n a a su uspen nsi sion o can be es s sti i imated b b by y y op op opti ti tical dens nsity, y, b but ut this s mu must s be membrane filtration (2.6.12). This value se to determine the inoculum and the baselin use in the test. The suspensions shall be u immediately." There are, of course, two problems with these t t tion n ns. s. s. T T The he he f f fir ir irst st i is s s th th hat at t t th h he t t tec e echnicia an is is i ins nstr truc u te an an an ino no noculum of a a abo out 10 0 0 8 8 8 m m mic croorg gan nisms s pe per m c co conf f fir rmed by p p plate te te c c cou o o nt t Th h he op p ptical den n nsit t ty r re rea adin ings gs a agai inst st cel e l m mass a are r s s sp s ec ec ec e ifi i ic to th h h he e e e m m mi m croo o o org gan an anis is sm specie ie es Th Th Th he q qu l l alif if ifi i ication of the h h se readings mu t t st be confirmed e e e a a a after m m m maj j j jor o o mai ai aint t ten e e ance ce ce t t to o o the e e be b b nc c ch h h t t top sp sp sp spec ec e ect t tropho ho ho hoto to to tom m meter r (e (e (e.g g g., aft fter er er r repla ace ement nt nt of the bulb) a a and d d th th then n n i i instru u ucte e ed to o o d d deter erm mine e thi his s by by plat C C Colony f f fo o orm m ming un n nits ( ( (CF C CFU) U) a and nd ce ells s ( (mi mic cro-or an an and d d d sp p por r res es es es) ) ) ) are d d dif f ffer er er ere e en e t measu ur u es es es. T This w w wil ill l l in l l lead d d d t t t to o o di di di dif fficulties as t t the unfortun t t ate lab wo k k rke guar r r ran a a a tee th th th he e e e numb mb mb ber of f f f ce ce ce cell ll lls s in t t the he he s s sus u u pens ns nsi i i the e e nu nu nu numb m m m er o o of CFU U U foun n n nd d. d. d H H Ho ow o ev ver er r, , w w we can n n a a ac scientific inaccuracy as the numbers will genera of the bulb) ) ). DE DE DE DETE TE TE TERM RM RM RMIN IN IN INAT AT AT ATIO IO IO ION N N N OF OF OF OF I I INO NO NOCU CU CULU LU LUM M M FO FO FOR R R scientific inaccuracy, y as the numbers will g genera ou ou ou out. t t t Th Th Th The e e e mo mo mo more re re re s s ser er er erio io io ious us us us p p p pro r ro robl bl bl blem em em i i is s s th th the e e in in inst st stru ru ruct ct ctio o th th th the e e e pl pl pl plat at at a e e e e co co co coun un un unt t t t CF CF CF CFU U U U fo fo fo for r r r de de de dete te te t rm rm rmin in inat at atio io ion n n of of of t t the he he i i in
Manuscript: Lincoln and the Stump and at the Bar
No full textManuscript written by a member of the Illinois Bar, original returned January 9, 1897. Author is presumed to be John M. Scot
The archaeological background to the emergent kingdoms of the Tweed Basin in the Early Historic period.
No full textGeneration Scotland: the Scottish family health study; a new resource for researching genes and heritability
No full textBackground: Generation Scotland: the Scottish Family Health Study aims to identify genetic variants accounting for variation in levels of quantitative traits underlying the major common complex diseases (such as cardiovascular disease, cognitive decline, mental illness) in Scotland.
Methods/Design: Generation Scotland will recruit a family-based cohort of up to 50,000 individuals (comprising siblings and parent-offspring groups) across Scotland. It will be a six-year programme, beginning in Glasgow and Tayside in the first two years (Phase 1) before extending to other parts of Scotland in the remaining four years (Phase 2). In Phase 1, individuals aged between 35 and 55 years, living in the East and West of Scotland will be invited to participate, along with at least one (and preferably more) siblings and any other first degree relatives aged 18 or over. The total initial sample size will be 15,000 and it is planned that this will increase to 50,000 in Phase 2. All participants will be asked to contribute blood samples from which DNA will be extracted and stored for future investigation. The information from the DNA, along with answers to a life-style and medical history questionnaire, clinical and biochemical measurements taken at the time of donation, and subsequent health developments over the life course (traced through electronic health records) will be stored and used for research purposes. In addition, a detailed public consultation process will begin that will allow respondents' views to shape and develop the study. This is an important aspect to the research, and forms the continuation of a long-term parallel engagement process.
Discussion: As well as gene identification, the family-based study design will allow measurement of the heritability and familial aggregation of relevant quantitative traits, and the study of how genetic effects may vary by parent-of-origin. Long-term potential outcomes of this research include the targeting of disease prevention and treatment, and the development of screening tools based on the new genetic information. This study approach is complementary to other population-based genetic epidemiology studies, such as UK Biobank, which are established primarily to characterise genes and genetic risk in the population
SCOT: a comparison of cost-effectiveness from a large randomised phase III trial of two durations of adjuvant Oxaliplatin combination chemotherapy for colorectal cancer
No full text\ua9 2018, The Author(s). BACKGROUND: The Short Course Oncology Therapy (SCOT) study is an international, multicentre, non-inferiority randomised controlled trial assessing the efficacy, toxicity, and cost-effectiveness of 3 months (3 M) versus the usually given 6 months (6 M) of adjuvant chemotherapy in colorectal cancer. METHODS: In total, 6088 patients with fully resected high-risk stage II or stage III colorectal cancer were randomised and followed up for 3–8 years. The within-trial cost-effectiveness analysis from a UK health-care perspective is presented using the resource use data, quality of life (EQ-5D-3L), time on treatment (ToT), disease-free survival after treatment (DFS) and overall survival (OS) data. Quality-adjusted partitioned survival analysis and Kaplan–Meier Sample Average Estimator estimated QALYs and costs. Probabilistic sensitivity and subgroup analysis was undertaken. RESULTS: The 3 M arm is less costly (-\ua34881; 95% CI: -\ua36269; -\ua33492) and entails (non-significant) QALY gains (0.08; 95% CI: −0.086; 0.230) due to a better significant quality of life. The net monetary benefit was significantly higher in 3 M under a wide range of monetary values of a QALY. The subgroup analysis found similar results for patients in the CAPOX regimen. However, for the FOLFOX regimen, 3 M had lower QALYs than 6 M (not statistically significant). CONCLUSIONS: Overall, 3 M dominates 6 M with no significant detrimental impact on QALYs. The results provide the economic case that a 3 M treatment strategy should be considered a new standard of care
Surface pressure features and precipitation structure of PRE-STORM mesoscale convective systems
No full textFall 1992.Also issued as author's thesis (M.S.) -- Colorado State University, 1992.The surface pressure features accompanying 16 mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) have been documented using data from the May-June 1985 Oklahoma-Kansas Preliminary Regional Experiment for STORM-Central (OK PRE-STORM). The general synoptic-scale environmental conditions as well as the detailed mesoscale aspects of the systems are examined. Radar data are examined to show the reflectivity structure of each MCS. Also, the upper-air data are examined to show the system-relative airflow structure associated with these systems. The general synoptic-scale conditions were very similar to those shown by Maddox (1983) found in conjunction with the genesis region of mesoscale convective complexes (MCCs). There was a generally weak surface front , most often quasi-stationary in nature , and low-level warm advection by a low-level southerly jet which also advected in very moist air. Also, a weak 500 mb short wave feature was often found in conjunction with these systems. In the mature-to-dissipating stages of 12 of the 16 cases. the radar reflectivity and surface pressure structures were found to be very similar. Composite depictions of the pressure features are developed based on these similarities. At some time during the mature-to-dissipating stage for each case, the radar reflectivity structure became asymmetric (Houze et al. 1990) in nature with a leading bow-shaped convective line with a region of enhanced stratiform precipitation found to the rear of the far northern portion of the convective line. This structure is quite similar to that shown by Pedgley (1962) for MCS cases in England. Two of the four other MCSs that did not develop these particular structures were cold-frontal systems positioned directly along a cold front. Atmospheric conditions in these regions did not allow the development of these common structures. One system was too short-lived to have developed into the common structure of the 12 systems. There were four paths that the 12 systems took to the development of this asymmetric structure. First, there were systems which initially had a disorganized pattern of convection, but towards the end of their existence developed a small convective line on their southern end. Any convection on the northern end became stratiform, leading to the asymmetric structure (2 cases). Second, there were convective lines which were initially symmetric in nature but slowly developed a region of enhanced stratiform precipitation on their northern ends (4 cases). Third, there were cases where a back-building convective line led to a region at the southern end of the system lacking stratiform precipitation (3 cases). Finally, there were cases consisting initially of intersecting convective lines, one oriented east-west and the other oriented northeast-southwest extending to its south. An enhanced stratiform area developed to the northwest of the apex of the two lines and then the east-west line dissipated (3 cases). The surface pressure structure shows a fairly weak pre-squall low ahead of the convective line. A mesohigh was typically associated with the convective line as well as much of the stratiform precipitation region. A wake low was found at the back edge of the enhanced stratiform precipitation region. An intense pressure gradient was typically found along the back edge of and extending into the enhanced stratiform precipitation region. For the cases containing special soundings, the system-relative upper-air flow structure showed a rapidly descending, strong rear inflow jet in the region of the wake low. In summary, a remarkable and unexpected result from this study is that although MCSs observed over the mesonetwork during PRE-STORM originated in a variety of ways, they tended to develop a common cloud and precipitation structure during their mature-to-dissipating stages, a pattern characterized here by the term "asymmetric" after Houze et al. (1990). This repeatable structure also had a repeatable surface pressure pattern associated with it (as described above). These findings have led to the development of an updated model for the surface pressure pattern accompanying squall lines, one containing both symmetric and asymmetric structures. This model is consistent with but extends past models based on a small number of case (Fujita 1955, Pedgley 962, Johnson and Hamilton 1988)
The mesh of trees architecture for parallel computation
No full textThis thesis considers the mesh of trees architecture as both a special-purpose and a general-purpose parallel computer. A family of special-purpose VLSI architectures for computing an (n\sb1 \times n\sb2 \times \cdots \times n\sb{d})-point multidimensional DFT over \doubz\sb{M}, the ring of integers modulo , is proposed. Using the two-dimensional mesh of trees as a component, these architectures achieve optimal VLSI area = \Theta((N\sp2\log\sp{2}M)/T\sp2) for any given computation time (The convergence properties of Newton's method are studied. By introducing and formalizing the notion of attunement of a linear system of equations, it is shown that Newton's method provides polylog-time solutions for a broader class of linear systems than was previously supposed. In particular, the system matrix need not be well-conditioned; all that is required is that the known vector be well-attuned to the system matrix. It is then shown that Newton's method can be implemented on a special-purpose architecture based on the three-dimensional mesh of trees. This same architecture can be used to construct the stiffness equations arising from a finite element approximation. Furthermore, it can be hybridized with a systolic array to achieve a processor-time or area-time tradeoff.Then, in a different vein, the two-dimensional mesh of trees is studied as a general-purpose parallel computer. It is shown that this architecture can afford finer memory granularity and, thereby, reduce the memory redundancy required for deterministic P-RAM simulation. A distributed-memory, bounded-degree network model of parallel computation is proposed that allows one to take greater advantage of the potential for fine-grain memories without sacrificing other aspects of realism. The simulation scheme presented is admitted by this new model and achieves constant memory redundancy.Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T14:07:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Archæologia britannica, giving some account additional to what has been hitherto publish'd, of the languages, histories and customs of the original inhabitants of Great Britain; from collections and observations in travels through Wales, Cornwal, Bas-Bretagne, Ireland and Scotland.
No full textNo more published.Title vignette, engraved.Comparative etymology.--A comparative vocabulary of the original languages of Britain and Ireland.--An Armoric grammar and vocabulary, by Julian Manoir, english'd out of French by M. Williams.--Some Welch words omitted in Dr. Davies's dictionary.--A Cornish grammar.--Antiqua Britanniæ lingua scriptorum quæ non impressa sunt, catalogus.--A British etymologicon; or, The Welsh collated with the Greek and Latin and some other European languages, by David Parry.--Appendix.--A brief introduction to the Irish or ancient Scotish language; out of F. O. Molloy's grammar, collated with another Latin-Irish one in manuscript, by an anonymous author.--Focloir gaoidheilge-shagsonach no bearladoir Scot-sagsamhuil: An Irish-English dictionary.--A catalogue of Irish manuscripts.Mode of access: Internet
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