7 research outputs found
Synthetic Seed Technology in Forest Trees: A Promising Technology for Conservation and Germplasm Exchange
No full textRenewable energy generating employment specially in Indian agriculture
Get PDFThe present review explains that renewable energy generates opportunity in field of agriculture. The renewable energy is solar energy, wind energy, water energy and biogas energy. This energy generates employment of manufacturing, design, construction, installation, operation, maintainance, supply chain, multitasking, research, development and administration. The solar industry employs 21,000 people in 2016-17 and 25,000 people in 2017-18. The solar manufacturing industries and solar products will produce various opportunities by 2022 in India. The wind energy provides 4,40,000 employments into onshore and offshore grid system in 2008. The wind mill industry will create 74,000 employments by 2020 in India. The water energy provides employment into hydro electric power station, manufacturing industry and others area. Biogas energy utilizes into motor vehicle as fuel. It saves petrol worth about 0.66 million per annum and also generate employment for 12 persons. The Biogas industry will set up 19 districts of the Maharashtra state to employment generation by 2020. Renewable energy protects the earth planet. It provides employment to rural as well as urban areas. It will improve standard of living and per capita income of people. It will introduce employment to poor and literate persons. It would advocate gender uniformity and doubling of farmer income. It will improve and strengthens Gross Domestic Product and Agriculture shares in India. This energy would encourage huge transition into future era in India
Evaluation of genetic variability, correlation and path coefficients analysis for yield attributing traits in field pea [<i>Pisum sativum</i> (L.) var<i>. arvense</i>]
No full textSpontaneous formation, gene regulation of Trichoderma and slow decomposition in cocopeat
No full textCocopeat has various distinguishing properties that encourage the slow decomposition and spontaneous Trichoderma growth. The cocopeat synthesizes responsive chemicals and regulatory mechanisms which assist in the Trichoderma growth. The exact chemical stimulant and efficient mechanisms governing the spontaneous Trichoderma growth in cocopeat remain unknown. The high lignin and cellulose concentration produces actinomycetes and deuteromycetes, which trigger slow decomposition in cocopeat. The chemical components, temperature, pH, nutrients, and aeration all have a direct impact Trichoderma growth and slow decomposition. The chemical constituents lignin, suberin, cutin, pectin, cellulose, and hemicellulose are analyzed with sodium hydroxide solution and examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDAX), fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, x-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetry. The decomposition dynamics are determined using a mettler thermogravimetric analyzer. Simultaneously thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry are used to examine the stages of decomposition. The decomposition reactions are investigated using the distributed active energy model (DAEM). The glucose Murashige and Skoog (MS) media, chitin Murashige and Skoog (MS) media, Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal media, high-density oligonucleotide microarray, expressed sequence tag-based transcript and Blast2GO suite, hierarchical clustering and heat representation are involved in examination of Trichoderma species. The Upside regulating genes respond to signal transduction, transcription, translation, post-translational modification, and protein folding with the signal transcription factor Pac1 (PacC) for Trichoderma species growth. The dye decolorization assay, genome-wide gene family evolutionary analysis, and whole-genome sequencing were used to discover prospective genes for detecting high or slow decomposition in fungi. The methodologies and technology have the potential to investigate Trichoderma type, response chemicals, and mechanisms underlying Trichoderma growth and slow decomposition in cocopeat
Nodal culture for efficient regeneration and CRISPR/Cas-based genome editing in recalcitrant horticultural crops
No full textAbstract Nodal culture is a powerful plant tissue culture technique addressing critical challenges such as desiccation, microbial contamination, and the limited viability of explants, particularly in recalcitrant horticultural crops like Garcinia mangostana, Artocarpus heterophyllus, Cucumis melo, Citrus limon, Kinnow mandarin, and Coffea arabica. This method utilizes sterilized immature nodal explants, with regeneration induced through the precise application of growth regulators, primarily auxins and cytokinins, to media such as Driver-Kuniyuki (DKW), Woody Plant Media (WPM), and Murashige and Skoog (MS) under controlled conditions. These regulators significantly enhance both shoot and root regeneration, thus reducing the generation time for difficult-to-regenerate species. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a pivotal role in regulating cell division and hormone signaling during regeneration. Additionally, transcription factors such as wound-induced dedifferentiation 1 (WIND1), WUSCHEL (WUS), Enhancer of Shoot Regeneration 1 (ESR1), Cup-shaped Cotyledon 1 and 2 (CUC1, CUC2), and Lateral Organ Boundaries Domain 16 (LBD16) are integral to callus induction and organogenesis. Genetic variation observed in regenerated populations reflects the complexity of these regulatory networks and underscores the need for further investigation. Notably, nodal culture provides a promising alternative to conventional tissue culture methods, particularly in facilitating CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genetic modifications in recalcitrant crops. This technique enhances the efficient regeneration of transgenic horticultural crops, overcoming significant barriers to transformation. Future research should focus on refining nodal culture protocols across a broader spectrum of horticultural species, improving gene editing efficiency, and integrating this approach with advanced breeding technologies for targeted trait development and sustainable crop improvement
ANALYSIS OF GENETIC DIVERSITY IN TWELVE CULTIVARS OF PEA BASED ON MORPHOLOGICAL AND SIMPLE SEQUENCE REPEAT MARKERS
Get PDFPea(Pisum sativum L.)is the second most important legume crop worldwide after chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) and valuable resources for their genetic improvement. This study aimed to analyze genetic diversity of pea cultivars through morphological and molecular markers. The present investigation was carried out with 12 pea cultivars using 28 simple sequence repeat markers. A total of 60 polymorphic bands with an average of 2.31 bands per primer were obtained. The polymorphic information content, diversity index and resolving power were ranged from 0.50 to 0.33, 0.61 to 0.86 and 0.44 to 1.0 with an average of 0.46, 0.73 and 0.76, respectively. The 12 pea cultivars were grouped into 3 clusters obtained from cluster analysis with a Jaccardd’s similarity coefficient range of 0.47-0.78, indicating the sufficient genetic divergence among these cultivars of pea. The principal component analysis showed that first three principal components explained 86.97% of the total variation, suggesting the contribution of quantitative traits in genetic variability. The contribution of 32.59% for number of seeds per plant, stem circumference, number of pods per plant and number of seeds per pod in the PC1 leads to the conclusion that these traits contribute more to the total variation observed in the 12 pea cultivars and would make a good parental stock material. Overall, this SSR analysis complements morphological characters of initial selection of these pea germplasms for future breeding program
