1,720,968 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Management and early outcomes of children with appendicitis in the UK and Ireland during the COVID-19 pandemic: a survey of surgeons and observational study
No full textObjectivesAcute appendicitis is the most common surgical condition in children. In the UK appendicectomy is the most common treatment with non-operative management unusual. Due to concerns about the risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission during surgical procedures, surgeons were advised to consider nonoperative treatment and avoid laparoscopy where possible. This study aims to report management and outcomes, to date, of children with appendicitis in the United Kingdom and Ireland during the COVID-19 pandemic.DesignSurvey of consultant surgeons who treat children with appendicitis that informed a prospective multicentre observational cohort study.SettingData were collected from centres in the United Kingdom and Ireland for cases admitted between April 1st and May 31st 2020 (first 2 months of the COVID-19 pandemic) at both general surgical and specialist paediatric surgical centres.ParticipantsThe study cohort includes 838 children with a clinical and/or radiological diagnosis of acute appendicitis of which 527 (63%) were male.Main outcomes measuredPrimary outcome was treatment strategy used for acute appendicitis. Other outcomes reported include change in treatment strategy over time, use of diagnostic imaging and important patient outcomes to 30 days following hospital admission.ResultsFrom very early in the pandemic surgeons experienced a change in their management of children with appendicitis and almost all surgeons who responded to the survey anticipated further changes during the pandemic. Overall 326/838 (39%) were initially treated non-operatively of whom 81/326 (25%) proceeded to appendicectomy within the initial hospital admission. Of cases treated initially surgically 243/512 (48%) were performed laparoscopically. Diagnostic imaging was used in 445/838 (53%) children. Cases treated non-operatively had a shorter hospital stay than those treated surgically but hospital readmissions within 30 days were similar between groups. In cases treated surgically the negative appendicectomy rate was 4.5%. There was a trend towards increased use of surgical treatment and from open to laparoscopic appendicectomy as the pandemic progressed.ConclusionNon-operative treatment of appendicitis has been widely used for the first time in children in the UK and Ireland and is safe and effective in selected patients. Overall patient outcomes do not appear to have been adversely impacted by change in management during the pandemic thus far
Outcomes 1 year after non-operative management of uncomplicated appendicitis in children: the Children with AppendicitiS during the CoronAvirus panDEmic (CASCADE) study
Get PDFBackground: A major shift in treatment of appendicitis occurred early in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic with non-operative management used commonly outside research protocols and in units with limited previous experience. This study aims to compare real-world outcomes of surgery versus non-operative management of uncomplicated appendicitis in children with 1-year follow-up.Method: A prospective multicentre observational study of children treated for uncomplicated appendicitis at 74 hospitals in the UK and Ireland from 1 April to 31 July 2020 was performed. Propensity-score matched analysis was conducted using age, sex, C-reactive protein at diagnosis and duration of symptoms as covariates. Primary outcomes were success of non-operative management defined as achieving 1-year follow-up without undergoing appendicectomy due to recurrent appendicitis or ongoing symptoms, and occurrence of any predefined complication (intra-abdominal collection, wound infection, bowel obstruction or reintervention).Results: Of 1464 children with presumed uncomplicated appendicitis, 1027 (70.2 per cent) underwent surgery and 437 (29.9 per cent) underwent non-operative management. Ninety-four children (21.5 per cent) treated by initial non-operative management required appendicectomy during the index hospital admission while recurrent appendicitis after discharge occurred in 25 (10.4 per cent) children within 1 year. The overall success rate of non-operative management at 1 year was 63.1 per cent (95 per cent c.i. 58.0 to 68.3 per cent). For propensity-score matched analyses, 688 children undergoing surgery and 307 undergoing non-operative management were included. Any predefined complication occurred in 50 (7.3 per cent) children undergoing surgery and in four (1.3 per cent) children undergoing non-operative management (OR 5.9 (95 per cent c.i. 2.1 to 16.6)) in the propensity-score matched cohort. There was no mortality or stoma formation.Conclusion: Non-operative management is a safe and valid alternative to appendicectomy in children with uncomplicated appendicitis.<br/
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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