1,720,966 research outputs found
Early prediction of the highest workload in incremental cardiopulmonary tests
Get PDFIncremental tests are widely used in cardiopulmonary exercise testing, both in the clinical domain and in sport sciences. The highest workload (denoted Wpeak) reached in the test is key information for assessing the individual body response to the test and for analyzing possible cardiac failures and planning rehabilitation, and training sessions. Being physically very demanding, incremental tests can significantly increase the body stress on monitored individuals and may cause cardiopulmonary overload. This article presents a new approach to cardiopulmonary testing that addresses these drawbacks. During the test, our approach analyzes the individual body response to the exercise and predicts the Wpeak value that will be reached in the test and an evaluation of its accuracy. When the accuracy of the prediction becomes satisfactory, the test can be prematurely stopped, thus avoiding its entire execution. To predict Wpeak, we introduce a new index, the CardioPulmonary Efficiency Index (CPE), summarizing the cardiopulmonary response of the individual to the test. Our approach analyzes the CPE trend during the test, together with the characteristics of the individual, and predicts Wpeak. A K-nearest-neighbor-based classifier and an ANN-based classier are exploited for the prediction. The experimental evaluation showed that the Wpeak value can be predicted with a limited error from the first steps of the tes
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
The effects of Deep Breathing on exercise performance in humans
Get PDFINTRODUCTION: Exercise is pursued by healthy, clinical and athletic populations and
unquestionably, plays a pivotal role in health and wellbeing and the advancement of
athletic performance. The ability to exercise at higher intensities provides a greater
stimulus for cardio-pulmonary, metabolic, neuromuscular and musculoskeletal adaptations
but is compromised by fatigue-limiting symptoms, both physiological and psychological,
the mechanisms underpinning which are not completely understood. Recent advances in
our understanding of fatigue mechanisms have identified respiratory system limitations and
the potential for respiratory adaptation. Individual breathing patterns exist, functional and
dysfunctional, influenced genetically, developmentally and by multiple
psychophysiological mechanisms but importantly it exhibits considerable plasticity.
Advances in neuroscience, have identified the potential for respiratory neuroplasticity and
its’ bi-directionality, with meditation style activities which incorporate deep breathing
showing both functional and structural changes in neural structures and circuitry.
Differences between athletes and non-athletes and males and females in both pattern and
response to exercise exist. Little research has focused on the manipulation of breathing
patterns which can potentially influence physiological and psychological factors in fatigue
mechanisms. AIM: To investigate if adopting a deep breathing pattern during exercise can
improve exercise performance via effects on gas exchange parameters and/or perceived
exertion. MEHODS: Three studies examined the effect of a self-regulated, deep breathing
pattern on exercise performance. Study 1 examined constant work rate (CWR) heavy
intensity exercise in a heterogenous group of healthy males and females, untrained and
trained runners. Study 2 assessed endurance running performance, via a lab-based
maximal, incremental vVO2peak treadmill running test. Study 3 examined the effect on
high intensity interval exercise (HIIE) performance via a lab-based, treadmill interval
running test to exhaustion. RESULTS: Study 1 showed a significant improvement in
locomotor efficiency as observed by reductions in both oxygen cost and energy cost. Study
2 and Study 3 showed no significant difference in performance measures.
CONCLUSION: Deep breathing improves locomotor efficiency in CWR, heavy intensity
locomotion. No significant benefit was observed on running performance or HIIE
performance in healthy male endurance athletes
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Predicting cardiopulmonary response to incremental exercise test
Get PDFCardiopulmonary exercise testing is a non-invasive method widely used to monitor various physiological signals, describing the cardiac and respiratory response of the patient to increasing workload. Since this method is physically very demanding, innovative data analysis techniques are needed to predict patient response thus lowering body stress and avoiding cardiopulmonary overload. This paper proposes the Cardiopulmonary Response Prediction (CRP) framework for early predicting the physiological signal values that can be reached during an incremental exercise test. The learning phase creates different models tailored to specific conditions (i.e., single test and multiple-test models). Each model can be exploited in the real-time stream prediction phase to periodically predict, during the test execution, signal values achievable by the patient. Experimental results on a real dataset showed that CRP prediction is performed with a limited and acceptable erro
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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