1,720,954 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
GLUTAMINE BLOCKADE STALLS TUMOR GROWTH AND REPROGRAMS TUMOR INFILTRATING MYELOID CELLS IN MOUSE MODELS OF SOFT TISSUE SARCOMAS
No full textThe endogenous immune system possesses the ability to eliminate tumors; however, this potential is often hindered by immunosuppressive mechanisms that tumors exploit. While immunotherapeutic strategies, such as immune checkpoint blockade, have successfully lifted some of these barriers, many patients fail to respond. Myeloid cells have been strongly implicated in this resistance across multiple cancer types, including sarcomas. These cells exhibit remarkable plasticity, enabling them to adapt to therapeutic interventions and sustain an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Attempts to deplete myeloid cells or disrupt their function have largely been unsuccessful due to their resilience and ability to compensate for therapeutic pressures. We hypothesized targeting the metabolic dependencies of myeloid cells might steer them into an anti-tumor cell type. Glutamine antagonism, particularly through the novel prodrug JHU083, has emerged as a promising approach. By inhibiting glutamine metabolism, this strategy not only restricts tumor growth but also reprograms myeloid cells from an immunosuppressive to a tumoricidal phenotype, ultimately enhancing anti-tumor immune responses. In this study, we performed a comprehensive immune profiling of Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcomas (UPS), a subtype of sarcoma that remains in dire need of effective therapeutic interventions. Our findings revealed a predominant immunosuppressive myeloid cell infiltrate, likely contributing to the poor efficacy of current immunotherapies. To overcome this resistance, we investigated the effects of glutamine blockade in a genetically engineered mouse model of immunotherapy-resistant soft tissue sarcomas. Treatment with JHU083 not only suppressed tumor growth but also led to significant changes in myeloid cell abundance, transcriptomic profiles, and metabolic states. Notably, our observations support that JHU083 reprogrammed these cells to support anti-tumor immunity rather than tumor progression, reinforcing the potential of metabolic interventions in overcoming myeloid-driven resistance. Overall, our findings support the clinical evaluation of glutamine antagonism, particularly in sarcomas and other malignancies characterized by myeloid cell enrichment. By reshaping the immune microenvironment, this approach holds promise for improving immunotherapy efficacy in historically resistant cancer
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
GLUTAMINE BLOCKADE STALLS TUMOR GROWTH AND REPROGRAMS TUMOR INFILTRATING MYELOID CELLS IN MOUSE MODELS OF SOFT TISSUE SARCOMAS
No full textThe endogenous immune system possesses the ability to eliminate tumors; however, this potential is often hindered by immunosuppressive mechanisms that tumors exploit. While immunotherapeutic strategies, such as immune checkpoint blockade, have successfully lifted some of these barriers, many patients fail to respond. Myeloid cells have been strongly implicated in this resistance across multiple cancer types, including sarcomas. These cells exhibit remarkable plasticity, enabling them to adapt to therapeutic interventions and sustain an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Attempts to deplete myeloid cells or disrupt their function have largely been unsuccessful due to their resilience and ability to compensate for therapeutic pressures. We hypothesized targeting the metabolic dependencies of myeloid cells might steer them into an anti-tumor cell type. Glutamine antagonism, particularly through the novel prodrug JHU083, has emerged as a promising approach. By inhibiting glutamine metabolism, this strategy not only restricts tumor growth but also reprograms myeloid cells from an immunosuppressive to a tumoricidal phenotype, ultimately enhancing anti-tumor immune responses. In this study, we performed a comprehensive immune profiling of Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcomas (UPS), a subtype of sarcoma that remains in dire need of effective therapeutic interventions. Our findings revealed a predominant immunosuppressive myeloid cell infiltrate, likely contributing to the poor efficacy of current immunotherapies. To overcome this resistance, we investigated the effects of glutamine blockade in a genetically engineered mouse model of immunotherapy-resistant soft tissue sarcomas. Treatment with JHU083 not only suppressed tumor growth but also led to significant changes in myeloid cell abundance, transcriptomic profiles, and metabolic states. Notably, our observations support that JHU083 reprogrammed these cells to support anti-tumor immunity rather than tumor progression, reinforcing the potential of metabolic interventions in overcoming myeloid-driven resistance. Overall, our findings support the clinical evaluation of glutamine antagonism, particularly in sarcomas and other malignancies characterized by myeloid cell enrichment. By reshaping the immune microenvironment, this approach holds promise for improving immunotherapy efficacy in historically resistant cancer
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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