1,721,146 research outputs found
Abstract A39: Cholangiocarcinoma-exposed cytokine-induced killer cells developed senescence and exhaustion
No full textAbstract
The existence of cellular exhaustion and senescence have been well-documented in T cells, but not yet in CIK cells. The exposure of CIK cells to HubCCA1 cholangiocarcinoma cells resulted in sustaining the proportion of CD3+CD56+ subset at the expense of that of the pure T cell (CD3+CD56-) subset. All major subsets (CD3+CD56+, T cell subsets, and NK cell (CD3-CD56+ subset) of the survived CIK cells were inflicted with increasing senescence markers (KLRG1, CTLA4, and CD57) upon the exposure length. However, CD28, a T cell activation marker, was up-regulated in CD3+CD56+ and NK cell subsets upon tumor exposure, but was suppressed in T cell subset. The co-culture of CIK cells with dendritic cells (DCs) could alleviate CD57, but not KLRG1 nor CTLA4. For exhaustion, the co-culture with DCs could lower the level of PD-1 in CD3+CD56+ and T cell subset, but was unable to withstand the massive up-regulation of PD-1 and Tim-3 in all 3 major subsets upon the tumor exposure. The co-culture with DCs raised the proportion of Treg (CD4+CD25+Foxp3+) subset in CIK cells, but surprisingly reversed by the eventual exposure to tumor cells. In summary, the exposure of CIK cells to tumor cells rendered the development of senescence and exhaustion to the CIK cells. The co-culture of CIK cells with DCs had limited role in preventing these opposing effects.
Citation Format: Adisak Wongkajornsilp, Nathawadee Sawatpiboon, Sunisa Duangsa-ard, Kanda Kasetsinsombat, Kittipong Maneechotesuwan, Suradej Hongeng. Cholangiocarcinoma-exposed cytokine-induced killer cells developed senescence and exhaustion. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy; 2016 Oct 20-23; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2017;5(3 Suppl):Abstract nr A39.</jats:p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Development of Hepatocyte‐like Cell Derived from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem cell as a Host for Clinically Isolated Hepatitis C Virus
No full textkoamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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