1,721,036 research outputs found
The Use of Modularity in Total Hip Arthroplasty.
No full textModularity is defined as separation of a system into independent parts or modules that can be treated as logical and may be separated and recombined. Historically, the modularity represents the evolution of the concept of "low friction arthroplasty" developed by Sir J. Charnely in 1960. The disadvantage of a one-piece stem is the difficulty of restoring the biomechanical feature of the hip. Thus, the natural evolution was the introduction of modularity on both sides, the acetabulum and the femur. Modularity allows the surgeon to accurately match the anatomic characteristics of each patient to obtain improved range of motion, joint stability, abductor strength, and leg length equality. Disadvantages are related to the introduction of different interfaces, which could be sites of wear and corrosion. In accordance with the most recent literature, in primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) the modularity can be reduced to the head and the acetabular component, while a one-piece stem can manage the majority of cases. On the other hand, we believe that during revision surgery, a complete modularity is necessary
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Simple posterior elbow dislocations: Conservative management and role of ulnar-bone coverage angle
No full textBACKGROUND: In simple posterior elbow dislocations, not associated with fracture, conservative treatment consists of a closed reduction with the restoration of joint relationships and a subsequent immobilization in a cast in the absence of any postreduction instability. The functional outcome is usually satisfactory, but several complications are possible. The aim of this study was to determine the outcomes of simple elbow dislocation treated conservatively and the possible role of an open ulnar bone converge angle (UBCA) as a risk factor. METHODS: A retrospective case series study with a follow-up of 60.96 months (range, 24-95) was performed, analyzing simple elbow dislocation cases, treated at Unit of Orthopedics and Trauma, Varese, Italy, from October 2012 to September 2018. The population consisted of 28 patients, 17 men and 11 women, with an average age of 53 (range, 26-90). A conservative treatment, consisting in closed reduction and immobilization in plaster cast, was applied if there was no instability after reduction. The Disability of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH), the Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS) questionnaires were used. CT-scan were analyzed to calculate the UBCA. RESULTS: At the last follow-up there was a reduction of the affected elbow ROM compared to the contralateral: 52.6% of patients had an extension deficit, 15.9% of flexion, 10.6% of prone supination. Under no circumstances was post-traumatic residual instability. A statistically significant reduction was found for extension of the affected elbow (-3.05° vs. 3.26°) and for the entire flexion-extension motion (134.05° vs. 142.27°) compared to the healthy one. The average DASH score is 6.029 and the MAYO average score is 94.286, values considered excellent. The average UBCA was 171.59° (range, 147.50°-191.50°). In 3 patients (15.8%) prone-supination pain was reported, and of these 2 also to flexion-extension (10.5%). CONCLUSIONS: The outcome of posterior elbow simple dislocations, conservatively treated, was satisfactory. A UBCA, narrower than 180°, may represent a risk factor for dislocation
The efficacy of shoes modification and orthotics in hallux valgus deformity: a comprehensive review of literature
No full text: Hallux valgus (HV) is a frequent forefoot deformity affecting about 23% of adults and 35.7% of people over 65. The exact etiology is not fully understood. The first ray plays a significant role in walking cause it bears the principal amount of weight and maintains the position of the medial arch. Several factors that deteriorate the integrality of the first ray, such as foot deformities, restrictive footwear, and pes planus, may be ascribed to the HV occurrence. Before any surgical correction, conservative treatment should always be initiated first. Currently, there is no consensus that conservative management by shoe modification and foot orthoses could correct the pathology or terminate the clinical worsening of the condition.From a careful analysis of the literature, proper footwear should be a shoe with an adequate length, wide toe box, cushioned sole, and a lowered heel to not increase the load on the metatarsal heads and cause pain. Personalized 3D printed customized toe spreaders may be applied in patients with HV, improving symptoms and bringing pain relief. Compensating the subtalar joint hyperpronation through foot orthoses plays a fundamental role in the HV development, preventing or at least controlling the condition's progress; this, along with weight reduction and regular physical activity.Data obtained suggest that dynamic foot orthoses prefer a biomechanical type with 3/4-length, which is less likely to negatively affect the dorsal or medial pressures, which instead were noted to increase with the sulcus- and full-length orthoses.Although some studies suggest that foot orthoses would favor the correction of HV deformity, results have been very variable and just in few studies appear to correct HV or reduce its progression, improving symptoms and bringing pain relief. In the case of HV surgical correction, orthoses seem to maintain the correct position acquired over time
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Surgical treatment of the “terrible triad” of the elbow: long-term outcomes at 5 years’ follow-up
No full textBACKGROUND: Terrible triad (TT) is one of the most challenging pattern of elbow injuries to treat and it often yields to severe complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical and functional outcomes in 28 patients treated at our center from January 2011 to april 2019. METHODS: Fracture patterns, surgical technique and residual elbow instability, range of motion (ROM), grip and pinch strength were evaluated in all patients. Functional outcomes were assessed by Mayo elbow performance score (MEPS), disability of arm and shoulder and hand score (DASH) and visual analogue scale (VAS). Radiographic follow-up (FU) was possible in 18 patients to check heterotopic bone formation and arthritic changes. the mean FU was 60 months (range, 12-108). RESULTS: At the last FU a decreased ROM was observed in all patients compared to the contralateral elbow (an average of 7° in flexion, 15° in extension, 7.2° in supination, 5.2° in pronation), however only four of them (14%) had a functional limitation. also reduction of mean grip strength was observed (mean 5.11 kg, p=0.011). No elbow instability was detected at the last FU. After treatment, six minor and seven major complications were found; the major ones required second surgery. However mean Meps, dash and Vas were still satisfying. CONCLUSIONS: The surgical treatment of the tt of the elbow provides overall satisfactory results, although a considerable number of complications still persist and need to be addressed in the future
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