114 research outputs found
Durotaxis
No full textIn this Primer, Sunyer and Trepat introduce durotaxis, the mode of migration by which cells follow gradients of extracellular matrix stiffness
The \u27Tragic Mulatta\u27 Revisited: Race and Nationalism in Nineteenth-Century Antislavery Fiction
No full textThis very sophisticated book is distinguished by taking the figure of the tragic mulatta seriously as an embodiment of central concerns about race and nation in the antebellum United States. -Michael Bennett, Long Island University, Brooklyn Since its inception, the United States has been intensely preoccupied with interracialism. The concept is embedded everywhere in our social and political fabric, including our sense of national identity. And yet, in both its quantitative and symbolic forms, interracialism remains an extremely elusive phenomenon, causing policy makers and census boards to wrangle over how to delineate it and, on an emblematic level, stirring intense emotions from fear to fascination. In The Tragic Mulatta Revisited, Eve Allegra Raimon focuses on the mixed-race female slave in literature, arguing that this figure became a symbolic vehicle for explorations of race and nation-both of which were in crisis in the mid-nineteenth century. At this time, judicial, statutory, social, and scientific debates about the meaning of racial difference (and intermixture) coincided with disputes over frontier expansion, which were never merely about land acquisition but also literally about the complexion of that frontier. Embodying both northern and southern ideologies, the amalgamated mulatta, the author argues, can be viewed as quintessentially American, a precursor to contemporary motifs of hybrid and mestizo identities. Where others have focused on the gendered and racially abject position of the tragic mulatta, Raimon reconsiders texts by such central antislavery writers as Lydia Maria Child, William Wells Brown, Harriet Beecher Stowe, and Harriet Wilson to suggest that the figure is more usefully examined as a way of understanding the volatile and shifting interface of race and national identity in the antebellum period. Eve Allegra Raimon is an associate professor of arts and humanities at the University of Southern Maine, Lewiston-Auburn College.https://digitalcommons.usm.maine.edu/facbooks/1111/thumbnail.jp
De l'écologie à l'écosophie : l'intuition de Raimon Panikkar
No full textThe environmental crisis has disrupted the lives and activities of man. The ecological movement has proposed solutions to the problems we face, but it always uses the same Logos that got us into these difficulties. Theology, however has focused on this question only recently. It answered to criticisms with a renewed theology of creation. Our author of interest, Raimon Panikkar, proposes to complement this approach with a new Trinitarian theology. What he called the “cosmotheandric intuition” establishes a constitutive close relationship between God, man and the cosmos. This intuition means paying special attention to wisdom. It is therefore urgent that ecology walks hand in hand with ecosophy. To this end, mankind ought to cultivates the virtues that will allow it to reconnect with the others dimensions of reality. This new approach has two fondamental corollaries : an ecosophical ethics and a ecosophical political theology, that we intend to develop in order to prolong on Panikkar’s thought.La crise environnementale a bouleversé la vie de l’homme et toutes ses activités. L’écologie a essayé de trouver des solutions aux problèmes qui nous assaillent, mais elle reste toujours dans le même logos qui nous a mis dans ces difficultés. La théologie, quant-à elle, s’est intéressée depuis peu de temps à cette question. Elle a répondu aux reproches qui lui ont été adressés avec une théologie renouvelée de la création. Notre auteur, Raimon Panikkar, propose de compléter cette approche avec une nouvelle théologie trinitaire. C’est ce qu’il a appelé l’« intuition cosmothéandrique » qui établit une relation étroite et constitutive entre Dieu, l’homme et le cosmos. Cette intuition implique de prêter une attention particulière à la sagesse. Il s’avère donc urgent que l’écologie chemine de pair avec l’écosophie. Dans ce but, il conviendrait que l’homme cultive les vertus qui lui permettront de retrouver son lien avec les autres dimensions de la réalité. Cette nouvelle approche a deux corollaires fondamentaux : une éthique et une théologie politique écosophiques, que nous nous proposons de développer pour prolonger la pensée de Panikkar
From ecology to ecosophy : the Raimon Panikkar’s intuition
No full textLa crise environnementale a bouleversé la vie de l’homme et toutes ses activités. L’écologie a essayé de trouver des solutions aux problèmes qui nous assaillent, mais elle reste toujours dans le même logos qui nous a mis dans ces difficultés. La théologie, quant-à elle, s’est intéressée depuis peu de temps à cette question. Elle a répondu aux reproches qui lui ont été adressés avec une théologie renouvelée de la création. Notre auteur, Raimon Panikkar, propose de compléter cette approche avec une nouvelle théologie trinitaire. C’est ce qu’il a appelé l’« intuition cosmothéandrique » qui établit une relation étroite et constitutive entre Dieu, l’homme et le cosmos. Cette intuition implique de prêter une attention particulière à la sagesse. Il s’avère donc urgent que l’écologie chemine de pair avec l’écosophie. Dans ce but, il conviendrait que l’homme cultive les vertus qui lui permettront de retrouver son lien avec les autres dimensions de la réalité. Cette nouvelle approche a deux corollaires fondamentaux : une éthique et une théologie politique écosophiques, que nous nous proposons de développer pour prolonger la pensée de Panikkar.The environmental crisis has disrupted the lives and activities of man. The ecological movement has proposed solutions to the problems we face, but it always uses the same Logos that got us into these difficulties. Theology, however has focused on this question only recently. It answered to criticisms with a renewed theology of creation. Our author of interest, Raimon Panikkar, proposes to complement this approach with a new Trinitarian theology. What he called the “cosmotheandric intuition” establishes a constitutive close relationship between God, man and the cosmos. This intuition means paying special attention to wisdom. It is therefore urgent that ecology walks hand in hand with ecosophy. To this end, mankind ought to cultivates the virtues that will allow it to reconnect with the others dimensions of reality. This new approach has two fondamental corollaries : an ecosophical ethics and a ecosophical political theology, that we intend to develop in order to prolong on Panikkar’s thought
Study of collective cell durotaxis as an active wetting phenomenon
No full text[eng] Cell migration is essential to many biological processes. In adult organisms, it is crucial for wound healing, homeostasis, and immune response, whereas aberrant cell migration potentially leads to pathology. For example, the onset of cell migration in cancer cells can lead to metastasis, where cancer cells escape from the primary tumour confinement, intravasate the blood vessels and circulate through the bloodstream to ultimately extravasate and colonize distant organs. In the context of development, processes such as morphogenesis and organogenesis occur because of cell migration: for an embryo to become an adult organism, cells migrate either as single cells or epithelial sheets to give rise to functional organs and recurrent tissue shapes in a very well-orchestrated and reproducible manner both in time and space. Given its relevance, the regulation mechanisms underlying cell locomotion are highly controlled both at a transcriptional, protein localization and functional level.
The study of cell migration from a biological perspective provided scientists with knowledge on key molecules, effector proteins and signalling pathways that play a crucial role during this process. However, with the emergence of the field of mechanobiology, the fact that physical parameters were no longer neglected shed light on the mechanics behind cell locomotion and enabled us to convey a more accurate idea of this extremely complex process. That is mainly because no matter which signalling cascade is triggered by whatever myriad of protein-ligand interaction driving cell migration, the end-result is a cell or a collective of cells translocating their bulk to a position different than the original one. Therefore, the simplest consideration of cell migration is a physical phenomenon where cells must be subjected to the most basic laws of physics. Consequently, to fully understand the complexities of cell migration, its study must be tackled both from the molecular biology and physical point of view.
In the introduction of this thesis, I will cover the mechanisms regulating cell migration from the molecular to the tissue level, focusing on collective cell migration and durotaxis, the ability of single cells and groups to follow mechanical cues. Next, I will review previous work tackling tissue spreading and migration as a wetting phenomenon, emphasizing on the active gel theory. Finally, although cell migration has been primarily studied when mediated by focal adhesions at the extracellular matrix (ECM) interface, important migratory processes during development or metastasis take place in contexts lacking ECM. Recent studies suggest that E-cadherin, a cell-cell adhesion protein essential to maintain tissue integrity, promote coordination and establish cell polarity, could govern cell migration in ECM-depleted environments. In the last section of this thesis, I will comment on the scarce cadherin-dependent cell migration events published to date, discussing the emerging role of E-cadherin inmediating cell migration
Biophysical characterization of tubulin tyrosine ligase-like proteins on microtubule dynamics
No full textReport for the scientific sojourn carried out at the Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit from the National Institutes of Health, from 2010 to 2012
Ecosofía: hacia una comprensión de la sabiduría de la tierra desde la noción de "ritmo del ser" de Raimon Pannikar
No full textEl presente artículo expone algunas ideas relevantes de la noción de ecosofía de Raimon Panikkar y con ello profundiza en la sabiduría del oikos. Se pretende destacar la originalidad del planteamiento ecosófico de Panikkar, cuyo pensamiento es fruto de un fecundo diálogo interculturalinterreligioso (hinduismo, cristianismo y budismo). Si bien el autor no desarrolló de forma sistemática la noción ecosofía, su ontología de madurez, expresada en la noción del ritmo del ser, nos puede aproximar a comprender de manera novedosa esta sabiduría que se manifiesta en un llegar a ser donde participan lo divino, lo humano y lo cósmico. Se expondrá que la noción de ecosofía nos asienta en la vida contemplativa y la sabiduría de la inter-in-dependenciaThis article presents important ideas in Raimon Panikkar's notion of ecosophy, thus entering more deeply into the wisdom of the oikos. The aim is to highlight the originality of our author's ecosophical proposal, fruit of a fertile intercultural and inter-religious dialogue (Hinduism, Christianity and Buddhism). Although the author did not develop systematically the notion of ecosophy, the ontology of his mature years, expressed in the notion of the rhythm of being, can bring us closer to a new understanding of this wisdom, manifested in a becoming in which the divine, the human and the cosmic each have a part. The article will show that Panikkar's notion of ecosophy sets us in the contemplative life and the wisdom of interindependenc
Ecosophy: towards an understanding of the wisdom of the earth from Raimon Panikkar's notion of the rhythm of being
No full textThis article presents important ideas in Raimon Panikkar's notion of ecosophy, thus entering more deeply into the wisdom of the oikos. The aim is to highlight the originality of our author's ecosophical proposal, fruit of a fertile intercultural and inter-religious dialogue (Hinduism, Christianity and Buddhism). Although the author did not develop systematically the notion of ecosophy, the ontology of his mature years, expressed in the notion of the rhythm of being, can bring us closer to a new understanding of this wisdom, manifested in a becoming in which the divine, the human and the cosmic each have a part. The article will show that Panikkar's notion of ecosophy sets us in the contemplative life and the wisdom of interindependence
El tensionado concepto de esperanza en tiempos de crisis ecológica
No full textThis article explores how to reconsider the concept of hope in times of ecological crisis. The author compares the interpretations of hope given by Jürgen Moltmann and Raimon Panikkar, and evaluates them from a liberation theology perspective.En este artículo se explora cómo reconsiderar el concepto de esperanza en tiempos de crisis ecológica. La autora compara las interpretaciones de la esperanza de Jürgen Moltmann y Raimon Panikkar, y las evalúa desde una perspectiva de la teología de la liberación
The Forces behind Directed Cell Migration
No full textDirected cell migration is an essential building block of life, present when an embryo develops, a dendritic cell migrates toward a lymphatic vessel, or a fibrotic organ fails to restore its normal parenchyma. Directed cell migration is often guided by spatial gradients in a physicochemical property of the cell microenvironment, such as a gradient in chemical factors dissolved in the medium or a gradient in the mechanical properties of the substrate. Single cells and tissues sense these gradients, establish a back-to-front polarity, and coordinate the migration machinery accordingly. Central to these steps we find physical forces. In some cases, these forces are integrated into the gradient sensing mechanism. Other times, they transmit information through cells and tissues to coordinate a collective response. At any time, they participate in the cellular migratory system. In this review, we explore the role of physical forces in gradient sensing, polarization, and coordinating movement from single cells to multicellular collectives. We use the framework proposed by the molecular clutch model and explore to what extent asymmetries in the different elements of the clutch can lead to directional migration
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