1,720,954 research outputs found
Replace heating of industrial buildings with waste heat instead of steam
No full textA heating system for industrial buildings at Domsjö Fabriker has been investigated in this work. The current system is a heat exchanger system that heats a circulation circuit of water with 3.5 bar steam. The purpose of the project is to find technical solutions to reduce the use of steam and investigate whether it is possible to heat the facilities with waste heat from the pulp- and paper industry. To find what kind of system is suitable for the building, the availability of waste heat and the current heating have been analyzed. Proposals for technical solutions were then made and discussed with suppliers. Today, Domsjö both produces its own steam and buys 15% of the total usage from an external supplier. A total of 1080 GWh/year of steam is used in the mill area both in processes and for heating buildings. The analyzed system uses 18 GWh/year of steam to heat the buildings. Waste heat is available in a collection tank. Here, water from different parts of the process is collected and the water temperature is around 36℃. The supply temperature of the circulation circuit for heating should reach 90℃ during the coldest winter days. Therefore, a new heat exchanger system will not be sufficient if waste heat is to be the new heat source for heating. Different solutions with heat pumps were investigated. It resulted in four different proposals for solutions with the goal of saving the current circulation circuit. Investment costs, payback periods and annuities of the different proposals are calculated. The steam used for heating, which currently costs the factory just over XX million SEK/year, can be replaced with a heat pump system that has an annuity of 6 million SEK/year with a total investment cost of 20 million SEK. The savings of using a heat pump system instead of steam heating via heat exchangers will be X million SEK/year for the proposal with the largest savings. The conclusion for the project is therefore that all proposals for technical solutions developed can cover the maximum heating demand. The different proposals mainly differ in terms of investment cost, payback period and size of the system. This means that several different factors need to be considered to conclude an optimal proposal for Domsjö Fabriker. Some numbers in the report are replaced with X. This is because the numbers are confidential.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Replace heating of industrial buildings with waste heat instead of steam
No full textA heating system for industrial buildings at Domsjö Fabriker has been investigated in this work. The current system is a heat exchanger system that heats a circulation circuit of water with 3.5 bar steam. The purpose of the project is to find technical solutions to reduce the use of steam and investigate whether it is possible to heat the facilities with waste heat from the pulp- and paper industry. To find what kind of system is suitable for the building, the availability of waste heat and the current heating have been analyzed. Proposals for technical solutions were then made and discussed with suppliers. Today, Domsjö both produces its own steam and buys 15% of the total usage from an external supplier. A total of 1080 GWh/year of steam is used in the mill area both in processes and for heating buildings. The analyzed system uses 18 GWh/year of steam to heat the buildings. Waste heat is available in a collection tank. Here, water from different parts of the process is collected and the water temperature is around 36℃. The supply temperature of the circulation circuit for heating should reach 90℃ during the coldest winter days. Therefore, a new heat exchanger system will not be sufficient if waste heat is to be the new heat source for heating. Different solutions with heat pumps were investigated. It resulted in four different proposals for solutions with the goal of saving the current circulation circuit. Investment costs, payback periods and annuities of the different proposals are calculated. The steam used for heating, which currently costs the factory just over XX million SEK/year, can be replaced with a heat pump system that has an annuity of 6 million SEK/year with a total investment cost of 20 million SEK. The savings of using a heat pump system instead of steam heating via heat exchangers will be X million SEK/year for the proposal with the largest savings. The conclusion for the project is therefore that all proposals for technical solutions developed can cover the maximum heating demand. The different proposals mainly differ in terms of investment cost, payback period and size of the system. This means that several different factors need to be considered to conclude an optimal proposal for Domsjö Fabriker. Some numbers in the report are replaced with X. This is because the numbers are confidential.
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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