51 research outputs found
Cytonuclear coevolution following homoploid hybrid speciation in Aegilops tauschii
No full textThe diploid D-genome lineage of the Triticum/Aegilops complex has an evolutionary history involving genomic contributions from ancient A- and B/S-genome species. We explored here the possible cytonuclear evolutionary responses to this history of hybridization. Phylogenetic analysis of chloroplast DNAs indicate that the D-genome lineage has a maternal origin of the A-genome or some other closely allied lineage. Analyses of the nuclear genome in the D-genome species Aegilops tauschii indicate that accompanying and/or following this ancient hybridization, there has been biased maintenance of maternal A-genome ancestry in nuclear genes encoding cytonuclear enzyme complexes (CECs). Our study provides insights into mechanisms of cytonuclear coevolution accompanying the evolution and eventual stabilization of homoploid hybrid species. We suggest that this coevolutionary process includes likely rapid fixation of A-genome CEC orthologs as well as biased retention of A-genome nucleotides in CEC homologs following population level recombination during the initial generations.This is a manuscript of an article published as Li, Changping, Xuhan Sun, Justin L. Conover, Zhibin Zhang, Jinbin Wang, Xiaofei Wang, Xin Deng et al. "Cytonuclear coevolution following homoploid hybrid speciation in Aegilops tauschii." Molecular biology and evolution (2018). doi: 10.1093/molbev/msy215.</p
Coevolution in Hybrid Genomes: Nuclear-Encoded Rubisco Small Subunits and Their Plastid-Targeting Translocons Accompanying Sequential Allopolyploidy Events in Triticum
No full textThe Triticum/Aegilops complex includes hybrid species resulting from homoploid hybrid speciation and allopolyploid speciation. Sequential allotetra- and allohexaploidy events presumably result in two challenges for the hybrids, which involve 1) cytonuclear stoichiometric disruptions caused by combining two diverged nuclear genomes with the maternal inheritance of the cytoplasmic organellar donor; and 2) incompatibility of chimeric protein complexes with diverged subunits from nuclear and cytoplasmic genomes. Here, we describe coevolution of nuclear rbcS genes encoding the small subunits of Rubisco (ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase) and nuclear genes encoding plastid translocons, which mediate recognition and translocation of nuclear-encoded proteins into plastids, in allopolyploid wheat species. We demonstrate that intergenomic paternal-to-maternal gene conversion specifically occurred in the genic region of the homoeologous rbcS3 gene from the D-genome progenitor of wheat (abbreviated as rbcS3D) such that it encodes a maternal-like or B-subgenome-like SSU3D transit peptide in allohexaploid wheat but not in allotetraploid wheat. Divergent and limited interaction between SSU3D and the D-subgenomic TOC90D translocon subunit is implicated to underpin SSU3D targeting into the chloroplast of hexaploid wheat. This implicates early selection favoring individuals harboring optimal maternal-like organellar SSU3D targeting in hexaploid wheat. These data represent a novel dimension of cytonuclear evolution mediated by organellar targeting and transportation of nuclear proteins.This article is published as Li, Changping, Xiaofei Wang, Yaxian Xiao, Xuhan Sun, Jinbin Wang, Xuan Yang, Yuchen Sun et al. "Co-evolution in hybrid genomes: nuclear-encoded rubisco small subunits and their plastid-targeting translocons accompanying sequential allopolyploidy events in Triticum." Molecular Biology and Evolution 37 (2020): 3409-3422. doi: 10.1093/molbev/msaa158.</p
Safety Analysis of Natural Medicines Strategies based on SuperHyperSoft Set: Case Study and Analysis of Results
No full textNatural medicines, derived from plant, animal, and mineral sources, have been widely used in traditional and modern healthcare systems due to their perceived effectiveness and minimal side effects. This study proposes a decision-making approach for safety evaluation of natural medicines. We used two methods, such as Entropy method to compute the criteria weights and the VIKOR method to rank the alternatives. These methods are used under the single valued neutrosophic sets (SVNSs) to deal with uncertainty and vague information. We used the SuperHyperSoft set to deal with the criteria and sub criteria values in this evaluation. We used six criteria and seven alternatives in this study. We conducted sensitivity analysis to show the stability of the ranks
Safety Analysis of Natural Medicines Strategies based on SuperHyperSoft Set: Case Study and Analysis of Results
No full textInnovative photo booth system
No full textiPhotoBooth is an innovative photo booth system integrated with augmented reality technology. This system is consisting of an iOS application and a responsive website. This final year project aims at providing an innovative entertainment for events which is able to solve some weakness of the traditional photo booth and become another popular trend. This report is a comprehensive summary of final year project which includes analysis of traditional photo booth, idea and solution to solve weakness of traditional photo booth, explanation of design and functions of iOS application and website, first display on events, overcame problems, conclusion and further usage in future. The gold of this report is to provide a clear understanding of iPhotoBooth itself and a vision how to improve photo booth business and benefit society. Nevertheless, commercializing an application cannot take place overnight. A long-term strategy, like lean startup management, is necessary to review and revise this application. That is why the author keep looking for opportunities to display iPhotoBooth in real event. This is just one step in AR entertainment, however, it is believed that this kind of idea and system will be wild used in future.Bachelor of Engineerin
Innovative photo booth system
No full textiPhotoBooth is an innovative photo booth system integrated with augmented reality technology. This system is consisting of an iOS application and a responsive website. This final year project aims at providing an innovative entertainment for events which is able to solve some weakness of the traditional photo booth and become another popular trend. This report is a comprehensive summary of final year project which includes analysis of traditional photo booth, idea and solution to solve weakness of traditional photo booth, explanation of design and functions of iOS application and website, first display on events, overcame problems, conclusion and further usage in future. The gold of this report is to provide a clear understanding of iPhotoBooth itself and a vision how to improve photo booth business and benefit society. Nevertheless, commercializing an application cannot take place overnight. A long-term strategy, like lean startup management, is necessary to review and revise this application. That is why the author keep looking for opportunities to display iPhotoBooth in real event. This is just one step in AR entertainment, however, it is believed that this kind of idea and system will be wild used in future.Bachelor of Engineerin
Stationary Distribution and Density Function for a High-Dimensional Stochastic SIS Epidemic Model with Mean-Reverting Stochastic Process
No full textThis paper explores a high-dimensional stochastic SIS epidemic model characterized by a mean-reverting, stochastic process. Firstly, we establish the existence and uniqueness of a global solution to the stochastic system. Additionally, by constructing a series of appropriate Lyapunov functions, we confirm the presence of a stationary distribution of the solution under R0s>1. Taking 3D as an example, we analyze the local stability of the endemic equilibrium in the stochastic SIS epidemic model. We introduce a quasi-endemic equilibrium associated with the endemic equilibrium of the deterministic system. The exact probability density function around the quasi-stable equilibrium is determined by solving the corresponding Fokker–Planck equation. Finally, we conduct several numerical simulations and parameter analyses to demonstrate the theoretical findings and elucidate the impact of stochastic perturbations on disease transmission
Extensively drug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial bloodstream infection in hematological disease
No full textLi Zhou,1,* Shanglong Feng,1,2,* Guangyu Sun,1 Baolin Tang,1 Xiaoyu Zhu,1 Kaidi Song,1 Xuhan Zhang,1 Huaiwei Lu,3 Huilan Liu,1 Zimin Sun,1 Changcheng Zheng1,2 1Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China; 2Department of Hematology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; 3Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China *These authors contributed equally to this work Background: Extensively drug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial (XDR-GNB) bloodstream infection (BSI) is difficult to treat and is associated with a high mortality rate in patients with hematological diseases. The aim of this study is to investigate the predisposing risk factors and the efficacy of the antibiotic treatment in these patients, including exploration of efficacy and adverse effects of high-dose tigecycline. Methods: Between January 2013 and December 2017, 27 XDR-GNB BSI patients with hematological diseases were diagnosed and retrospectively reviewed in the current study. Results: Clinical response in patients with severe complications (such as severe neutropenia >10 days, grade III–IV acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD), and concurrent pneumonia) was significantly lower than in patients without or with only mild complications (P=0.033). The efficacy rate was 62.5% (10/16) in patients with tigecycline-based combination therapy regimen, 77.8% (7/9) with a high-dose tigecycline regimen, and 42.9% (3/7) with a standard-dose tigecycline regimen (P=0.36). The 30-day survival rates of patients undergoing high-dose or standard-dose tigecycline treatment were 66.7% (95% CI: 28.2–87.8) and 57.1% (95% CI: 17.2–83.7), respectively, (P=0.603). Patients with mild complications were associated with superior 30-day survival rates than patients with severe complications (93.8% vs 36.4%, P=0.001), >10 days of neutropenia (90.9% vs 33.3%, P=0.012), severe aGVHD (100% vs 40%, P=0.049), and concurrent pneumonia (84.6% vs 57.1%, P=0.048). Conclusion: Our study indicated that XDR-GNB BSI in patients of hematological diseases with severe complications, such as long duration of neutropenia (>10 days) and severe aGVHD were associated with poor clinical response and short survival. We first indicated that these patients undergoing high-dose tigecycline treatment had an improved clinical response and an increased 30-day survival rate compared with the standard-dose group, although the differences were not statistically significant. This might be due to more severe complicated patients enrolled in high-dose group and the limited number size in our study. Keywords: carbapenem resistant bacterial infection, bloodstream infection, high-dose tigecycline, hematological malignancie
An inherent nonlinear electrostatic actuator without any additional auxiliary to reduce pull-in voltage and extend travel range
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