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Effects of different plant residues on some soil properties and the growth of some leguminous forage crops
No full textOrganik madde, toprağın en önemli bileşenlerinden biridir. Organik madde, toprağın kimyasal, fiziksel ve biyolojik özelliklerini iyileştirir. Organik madde ilavesi, toprak organik maddesinin kullanılabilirliğini ve sürdürülebilirliğini sağlamak için gereklidir. Organik madde kaynaklarından biri olarak bitki artıkları toprak organik madde ilavesi için kullanılabilmektedir. Tarımsal endüstrilerin artıkları, yıllık toplam biyokütle üretiminin önemli kısımlarından biri ve bu artıklar, toprak organik maddesinin önemli bir kaynağıdır. Bu araştırma ile beş farklı endüstriyel işlemden geçmiş olan bitkiye ait artıkların toprağa uygulanmasının toprağın fiziksel ve kimyasal özellikleri ile üç baklagil yem bitkisinin gelişimi üzerindeki etkilerinin incelemesini amaçlanmaktadır. Deneme, Tarla Bitkileri Bölümünün serasında Faktöriyel Deneme Deseni'ne göre 6 müamele ve 4 tekerrür ile yapılmıştır. Müameleler, beş farklı bitkisel artık (buğday kepeği, ayçiçeği küspesi, soya küspesi, kolza küspesi ve pamuk küspesi) ve kontrol (sadece toprak)'dür. Yetiştirilen bitki materiyali olarak üç farklı baklagil yem bitkisi (yem bezelyesi, yaygın fiğ ve koca fiğ) kullanılmıştır. Deneme iki yetiştirme dönemi olup ikinci yetiştirme döneminde organik maddeler ilave edilmeksizin birinci yetiştirme döneminde hazırlanan aynı ekim yataklarına aynı bitkilerin ekimleri yapılmıştır. Ölçümler, her yetiştirme döneminin hasat sonunda tekrarlanmıştır. Ölçümler, bitki büyüme parametreleri, Rhizobium aktivitesi parametreleri, bitkide kimyasal özelliklerinin analizi ve toprağın özelliklerinin analizi olmak üzere dört ana başlık şekilde yapılmıştır. Araştırmada, bazı küspeler uygulanmasının kullanılan üç baklagil yem bitkileri gelişimi üzerine (yem bezelyesi, yaygın fiğ ve koca fiğ) fitotoksisite etkisi görülmektedir. Bazı küspeler uygulanması, tüm bitkilerin gelişimini (çıkış, kök uzunluğu ve kuru kök ağırlığı) engellemiş ve farklı zamanlarda bitkilerin sararması, solması ve ölmesine neden olmuştur. Ayrıca küspeler uygulanması, bitkilerin nodül sayısını de engellemiştir. Kullanılan bitki artıkları (buğday kepeği, pamuk tohumu küspesi ve ayçiçeği tuhumu küspesi), bazı toprak özelliklerini (organik madde, P2O5 ve K2O içerikleri, pH değeri ve satürasyon) iyileştirmiştir. Ayçiçeği tohumu küspesi ile muamele edilen topraklarda en yüksek organik madde ve K2O içerikleri tespit edilmişken (sırasıyla %1.35 ve 103.33 kg/da) buğday kepeği ile muamele edilen topraklarda ise en yüksek P2O5 içeriği (17.48 kg/da) tespit edilmiştir. Kullanılan bitki artıkları (buğday kepeği, pamuk tohum küspesi ve ayçiçeği tohumu küspesi), bitkilerin gelişimini iyeleştirmiştir. Buğday kepeği, her iki yetiştirme döneminde bitki gelişimi parametrelerinin en yüksek sonuçları vermiş olup en uygun bitki artığı olmuştur. İkinci yetiştirme döneminde, buğday kepeği ile muamele edilen bitkilerin yaş ve kuru toprak üstü bitki ağırlıkları ve ayrıca yaş ve kuru kök ağırlıkları sırasıyla 24.56, 4.70, 2.86 ve 0.58 g olarak bulunmuştur. Buğday kepeği ile muamele edilen bitkilerinde de 115.45 nodül tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, kullanılan bitki artıkları, bitkilerin bazı makro ve mikro besin elementleri alımını arttırmıştır. İkinci yetiştirme döneminde, ayçiçeği tohumu küspesi ile muamele edilen bitkilerde en yüksek N içeriği (%3.69), buğday kepeği ile muamele edilen bitkilerde en yüksek P içeriği (%0.22) ve pamuk tohumu küspesi ile muamele edilen bitkilerde en yüksek K içeriği (%3.81) tespit edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte, bitkilerin bazı mikroelementleri (Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni, Pb ve Co) alımı, kontrol muamelesinde daha yüksek bulunmuştur.Organic matter is one of the most important components of the soil. Organic matter improves the chemical, physical and biological properties of the soil. The addition of organic matter is necessary to ensure the availability and sustainability of soil organic matter. As one of the organic matter sources, plant residues can be used for soil organic matter addition. The residues of agricultural industries are an important part of the total annual biomass production and are an important source of soil organic matter. This research aims to examine the effects of the application of five different industrial plant residues on the physical and chemical properties of the soil and the growth and development of three legume forage crops. The experiment was conducted in the Greenhouse of the Field Crops Department with 6 treatments and 4 repetitions according to the Factorial Experimental Design. Treatments are five different vegetable residues (wheat bran, sunflower seed oilcake, soybean oilcake, rapeseed oilcake, and cottonseed oilcake) and control (soil only). Three different forage legumes (forage pea, common vetch, and Narbon vetch) were used as the cultivated plant materials. The experiment consisted of two growing seasons and the same plants were planted in the same planting beds in the second growing season without adding organic substances to the growing medium prepared in the first growing season. Measurements were repeated at the harvest time at end of each growing season. Measurements were made in four main parameters, they were: plant growth parameters, Rhizobium activity parameters, analysis of plant chemical concentrations, and analysis of soil properties. In the study, the phytotoxicity effect of some oilcakes application on the growth of the three legume forage crops used (forage pea, common vetch, and Narbon vetch) was observed. Application of some oilcakes inhibited the growth of all plants (emergence, root length, and dry root weight) and caused the plants to turn yellow, wither and die at different times. The application of oilcakes also inhibited the nodulation of the plants. The plant residues used in this study (wheat bran, cottonseed oilcake, and sunflower seed oilcake) improved some soil properties (organic matter, P2O5 and K2O contents, pH value, and saturation). Soils treated with sunflower seed oilcake had the highest organic matter and K2O contents by 1.35% and 103.33 kg/da, respectively, while soils treated with wheat bran had the highest P2O5 content by 17.48 kg/da. These plant residues (wheat bran, cottonseed oilcake, and sunflower seed oilcake) also improved the growth of the plants. Wheat bran gave the highest results in plant growth parameters in both first and second growing seasons and made it the most suitable plant residue among plant residues used in this study. In the second growing season, fresh and dry shoot and roots of plants treated with wheat bran was 24.56, 4.70, 2.86 and 0.58 g, respectively. Plants treated with wheat bran produced the highest number of root nodules by 115.42 nodüles in the second growing season. In addition, these plant residues increased the plant uptake of some macro and microelement nutrients. In the second growing season, plants treated with sunflower seed oilcake had the highest N content by 3.69%, plants treated with wheat bran had the highest P content by %0.22 and plants treated with cottonseed oilcake had the highest K content by %3.81. However, the plant uptake of metal microelements (Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni, Pb and Co) was significantly higher in the control treatment than in the plant residue treatments
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Agronomic Characteristics of Three Introduced Genotypes of Kailan Plants in Tropical Lowlands
Full text linkKailan has strong selling power, making it an attractive commodity for farmers. Plant introduction in a breeding program is one of the attempts being made to boost commercial kailan yield in Indonesia. The purpose of this introduction was to develop new varieties with high production, good yield quality, resistance to plant pest assaults, and adaptation in a variety of situations. The study sought to assess the agronomic properties of several imported kailan genotypes when grown in tropical lowlands. This experiment was conducted from May to July 2023 in the experimental field of the Faculty of Agriculture at Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta, South Tangerang City. The study employed a Randomized Complete Block Design with one treatment factor, the kailan genotype, with five levels, including three introduced genotypes (KI001, KI002, and KI003) and two national varieties as comparators (Nita and Nemo). The results revealed that the introduced genotype KI003 had superior total fresh weight and marketable fresh weight features than the other introduced genotypes and all comparator varieties. The introduced genotypes KI001 and KI002 share the same agronomic features as the two comparator varieties. The study found that all introduced varieties could adapt well to lowland tropical climatic conditions, however only the introduced genotype KI003 demonstrated superior adaptation when compared to the comparator types.
Keywords: Brassica oleracea L, genetic variation, plant breeding, plant introductio
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Pengaruh Naungan dan Panjang Stek terhadap Iklim Mikro dan Pertumbuhan Tanaman Bayam Brazil (Alternanthera sissoo)
Full text linkBrazilian spinach originated from the American continent and has not been widely cultivated in Indonesia. Its narrow land urban farming development is constrained by low light-intensity conditions that prevent Brazilian spinach from growing optimally. The research aimed to study the effects of shade and cutting length on the growth of Brazilian spinach plants. The research was conducted from December 2023 to January 2024 at the experimental field of the Faculty of Agriculture UMJ. The research used a split-plot design with a randomized complete block design (RCBD) as the environmental design. The treatment used as the main plot was shade consisting of no shade, 45% paranet shade, and 65% paranet shade, while the length of cuttings became a subplot consisting of 5 cm, 7 cm, and 12 cm. The treatment combinations formed are nine, and were repeated 3 times. The results showed that shading increased humidity and decreased temperature and light intensity in the plant microenvironment. At the end of the study, in general, the provision of paranet shade up to 65% did not significantly affect Brazilian spinach plants' growth except for plant height and root length. The cutting length had no significant effect on all observed variables. The use of 5 cm cutting length is recommended because it is considered more efficient in providing cutting material. There were no interaction effects between shade and cutting length on the growth of Brazilian spinach plants
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