1,720,977 research outputs found
Expression and function of non-neuronal transient receptor potential (TRPA1) ion channel in mastocytosis
No full textExpression and function of non-neuronal transient receptor potential (TRPA1) ion channel in mastocytosis
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Nervige Blutsauger : Nicht kratzen: Das hilft gegen Mücken und bei Mückenstichen
No full textMückenstiche sind oft sehr unangenehm - aber nur in sehr seltenen Fällen gefährlich. Erfahren Sie hier, wie Sie sich vor Stichen schützen können und was im Fall der Fälle wirklich hilft
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Molecular and Morphological Characterization of Inflammatory Infiltrate in Rosacea Reveals Activation of Th1/Th17 Pathways
No full textRosacea is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease of unknown etiology. Our knowledge about an involvement of the adaptive immune system is very limited. We performed detailed transcriptome analysis, quantitative real-time reverse-transcriptase–PCR, and quantitative immunohistochemistry on facial biopsies of rosacea patients, classified according to their clinical subtype. As controls, we used samples from patients with facial lupus erythematosus and healthy controls. Our study shows significant activation of the immune system in all subtypes of rosacea, characterizing erythematotelangiectatic rosacea (ETR) already as a disease with significant influx of proinflammatory cells. The T-cell response is dominated by Th1/Th17-polarized immune cells, as demonstrated by significant upregulation of IFN-γ or IL-17, for example. Chemokine expression patterns support a Th1/Th17 polarization profile of the T-cell response. Macrophages and mast cells are increased in all three subtypes of rosacea, whereas neutrophils reach a maximum in papulopustular rosacea. Our studies also provide evidence for the activation of plasma cells with significant antibody production already in ETR, followed by a crescendo pattern toward phymatous rosacea. In sum, Th1/Th17 polarized inflammation and macrophage infiltration are an underestimated hallmark in all subtypes of rosacea. Therapies directly targeting the Th1/Th17 pathway are promising candidates in the future treatment of this skin disease
Strengths and Limitations of Sodium Lauryl Sulfate as an Irritant Control in Patch Testing
No full textABSTRACT Background Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) has been included as an irritant control in the baseline patch test series of the German Contact Dermatitis Research Group (DKG) for two decades, although its diagnostic value remains controversial. Objective To evaluate the strengths and limitations of SLS as an irritant control in patch testing. Methods We retrospectively analysed data from 43 478 consecutive patients patch tested with 0.25% SLS aq. and 189 allergens within the IVDK network. SLS reactions were graded from 1 (weak) to 5 (strong). Associations between SLS reactivity and allergen‐specific responses were examined. Results Overall, 22.4% of all patients reacted positively to SLS, most with weak erythema (SLS 1). Stronger SLS reactions (SLS 2–5) were associated with male sex, age ≥ 40 years, occupational dermatitis and hand dermatitis. Positive SLS reactions correlated with several allergens of high irritative potential, notably cocamidopropyl betaine, formaldehyde, sorbic acid and diphenylguanidine. In contrast, plant‐derived allergens showed weak or inconsistent associations. Importantly, grading SLS reactions (1–5) did not improve diagnostic discrimination compared to a simple positive/negative classification. Conclusion While SLS can indicate skin irritability for certain allergens, it is not a universal marker. Our large‐scale analysis supports binary SLS classification and provides a robust evidence base for the ongoing debate on whether and how irritant controls should be used in patch testing
Recommendations on how to proceed in case of suspected allergy to penicillin/β-lactam antibiotics. Position paper of the German Society for Allergology and Clinical Immunology (DGAKI) in cooperation with the German Society for Pediatric Allergology (
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