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Prawa człowieka a „śmierć Boga”
No full text HUMAN RIGHTS AND THE “DEATH OF GOD”The “death of God” — a Nietzschean metaphor — is still considered as an excellent diagnosis of the condition of modern societies deprived of metaphysical ground. The author uses this metaphor to illustrate the genealogy and the present of conservative criticism of human rights. This criticism is based on the allegation that the ideology of human rights is responsible for the breakdown of the “social metaphysics” of the West. The author attempts to show the dangerous potential of conservative criticism of human rights. In the following part of his paper the author refers to the phenomenon of “the end of grand narratives” treated as another dimension of the “death of God” and formulates the question of possible solutions to the problem of justification of human rights in postmodern conditions. HUMAN RIGHTS AND THE “DEATH OF GOD”The “death of God” — a Nietzschean metaphor — is still considered as an excellent diagnosis of the condition of modern societies deprived of metaphysical ground. The author uses this metaphor to illustrate the genealogy and the present of conservative criticism of human rights. This criticism is based on the allegation that the ideology of human rights is responsible for the breakdown of the “social metaphysics” of the West. The author attempts to show the dangerous potential of conservative criticism of human rights. In the following part of his paper the author refers to the phenomenon of “the end of grand narratives” treated as another dimension of the “death of God” and formulates the question of possible solutions to the problem of justification of human rights in postmodern conditions
Konstytucja — system — hegemonia. „Antypolityczna” funkcja argumentów systemowych w orzecznictwie konstytucyjnym
Full text linkCONSTITUTION — SYSTEM — HEGEMONY. ON THE ‟ANTI-POLITICAL” FUNCTION OF SYSTEMIC ARGUMENTS IN CONSTITUTIONAL JURISPRUDENCEThe main purpose of this paper is to examine the function of arguments based on so called systemic interpretation of law in constitutional jurisprudence, using methods and tools offered by the post-analytical, critical philosophy in the field of legal theory. The author notes that constitutional courts apply the systemic argumentation to hide real, political motives of their decisions. The author tries to diagnose the potential impact of this phenomenon on the functioning of liberal democracy, refering to theories developed by C. Lefort, Ch. Mouffe, E. Laclau and J. Habermas. In the Author’s opinion the constitutional activism, which has been masked by the systemic interpretation, is based on the liberal utopia of creation of law without ‟the political”. The rise of populist political forces in Europe can be considered as reaction to the constitutional activism and the crisis of the ‟liberal dream”.CONSTITUTION — SYSTEM — HEGEMONY. ON THE ‟ANTI-POLITICAL” FUNCTION OF SYSTEMIC ARGUMENTS IN CONSTITUTIONAL JURISPRUDENCEThe main purpose of this paper is to examine the function of arguments based on so called systemic interpretation of law in constitutional jurisprudence, using methods and tools offered by the post-analytical, critical philosophy in the field of legal theory. The author notes that constitutional courts apply the systemic argumentation to hide real, political motives of their decisions. The author tries to diagnose the potential impact of this phenomenon on the functioning of liberal democracy, refering to theories developed by C. Lefort, Ch. Mouffe, E. Laclau and J. Habermas. In the Author’s opinion the constitutional activism, which has been masked by the systemic interpretation, is based on the liberal utopia of creation of law without ‟the political”. The rise of populist political forces in Europe can be considered as reaction to the constitutional activism and the crisis of the ‟liberal dream”
Konstytucjonalizm wobec „zemsty postmodernizmu”
Full text link CONSTITUTIONALISM AND THE „REVENGE OF POSTMODERNISM”The main purpose of this article is to discuss the current situation of constitutional discourse as aresult of „Revenge of postmodernism”. This „Revenge” shows itself in taking over the methods of the leftist critique of democratic institutions by the radical right. This „Barbarization” of subtle methods of left-wing criticism leads to far-reaching consequences unforeseen by its founding fathers — Michel Foucault, Jacques Derrida or Judith Butler. The author, using various theories formulated by Chantal Mouffe, Ernesto Laclau and Artur Kozak, seeks to explain this phenomenon and to show its implications for the future evolution of the constitutional discourse. CONSTITUTIONALISM AND THE „REVENGE OF POSTMODERNISM”The main purpose of this article is to discuss the current situation of constitutional discourse as aresult of „Revenge of postmodernism”. This „Revenge” shows itself in taking over the methods of the leftist critique of democratic institutions by the radical right. This „Barbarization” of subtle methods of left-wing criticism leads to far-reaching consequences unforeseen by its founding fathers — Michel Foucault, Jacques Derrida or Judith Butler. The author, using various theories formulated by Chantal Mouffe, Ernesto Laclau and Artur Kozak, seeks to explain this phenomenon and to show its implications for the future evolution of the constitutional discourse
Prawoznawstwo wobec kryzysu demokracji liberalnej
No full textThe article concerns real and potential reactions of jurisprudential discourses to the phenomenon of the crisis of liberal democracy. The author argues that liberal democracy has been a hegemonic structure – meaning that not only has it been dominant in the factual sense in the broadly understood Western legal and political culture but it has also effectively suppressed any competing discourses. Today, the hegemony of demoliberalism is being questioned. The new state of affairs causes a range of complications that jurisprudential discourses have to deal with. The author considers three possible scenarios of the reaction of these discourses to the said crisis. The first of them means a shift towards democratic authoritarianism. The second is about remaining in a collective hypocrisy, waiting for a change in the current intellectual climate. The third involves accepting the political nature of jurisprudence and making the concept of agonistic democracy a reality.Artykuł dotyczy realnych i potencjalnych reakcji dyskursów prawoznawczych na zjawisko kryzysu demokracji liberalnej. Autor wychodzi z założenia, że demokracja liberalna była strukturą hegemoniczną – to znaczy, że nie tylko dominowała ona w sensie faktycznym w kręgu szeroko pojętej zachodniej kultury prawno-politycznej, lecz także skutecznie tłumiła dyskursy konkurencyjne. Aktualnie hegemonia demoliberalizmu jest kwestionowania. Nowy stan rzeczy powoduje liczne komplikacje dla dyskursów prawoznawczych. Autor rozważa trzy możliwe scenariusze reakcji tych dyskursów na kryzys. Pierwszy scenariusz oznacza dryf w kierunku demokratycznego autorytaryzmu. Drugi wiąże się z trwaniem w zbiorowej hipokryzji i czekaniem na zmianę aktualnego klimatu intelektualnego. Trzeci scenariusz związany jest z akceptacją polityczności prawoznawstwa oraz z realizacją koncepcji agonistycznej demokracji
Affirmative amnesia and conservative crits. Some remarks on the condition of critical legal thought in Central and Eastern Europe
No full textThe purpose of this article is to analyze the causes and effects of two phenomena, which can be considered as characteristic of the critical legal discourse in Central and Eastern Europe. The first phenomenon is sometimes termed as „affirmative amnesia”. It consists of the abandonment of critical methodology by legal scholars who have dealt with the Marxist critique of the neoliberal law for the major period of their careers. The author tries to diagnose the cause of this phenomenon. The second of these trends lies in the fact that the critical tools that are used on the West mostly by left-wing thinkers, in Central and Eastern Europe are applied by conservative rightists
Apoliticality in Jurisprudence. The Crisis of the Idea and the Phenomenon of Populism
No full textPrzedmiotem artykułu jest obecny kryzys idei apolityczności prawoznawstwa i relacja tego kryzysu ze zjawiskiem populizmu. W pierwszej części opracowania Autor stawia tezę o postteologicznym i liberalnym charakterze idei apolityczności oraz dokonuje rekonstrukcji jej genealogii. Kolejna część zawiera omówienie wpływu populizmu pierwszej fali (lata 30-40. XX w.) na status tytułowej idei, skupiając się przede wszystkim na populizmach autorytarnych – nazistowskim i stalinowskim. W części następnej Autor diagnozuje przyczyny współczesnego kryzysu tytułowej idei po okresie jej reaprecjacji w ramach hegemonii demoliberalizmu.The topic of the article is the current crisis of the idea of the apolitical nature of jurisprudence and the relationship between this crisis and the phenomenon of populism. In the first part of the study, the author puts forward a thesis on the post-theological and liberal character of the idea, reconstructing its genealogy. The next part discusses the impact of first-wave populism (1930s and 1940s) on the status of the title idea, focusing primarily on authoritarian – Nazi and Stalinist – populisms. In the next part, the author diagnoses the causes of the current crisis of the title idea after the period of its demo-liberal reappointment
Postanalityczne perspektywy ogólnej refleksji nad prawem
No full textCHANGE OF DISCOURSES. POSTANALYTIC PROSPECTS FOR THE GENERAL LEGAL THEORYThe main purpose of this paper is to examine the applicability of methods and tools offered by the postanalytic philosophy in the field of legal theory. The author notes that after the crisis of the traditional linguistic approach to the concept of law, the main successor to analytic tradition in legal theory is the naturalistic approach based on evolutionism and latest trends in the natural sciences.In contrast, postanalytic topics are developed by critical theories. In the new situation, after the weakening of traditional legal controversies, the dispute between naturalists and postanalytic critics could become a major controversy in the field of contemporary legal theory.CHANGE OF DISCOURSES. POSTANALYTIC PROSPECTS FOR THE GENERAL LEGAL THEORYThe main purpose of this paper is to examine the applicability of methods and tools offered by the postanalytic philosophy in the field of legal theory. The author notes that after the crisis of the traditional linguistic approach to the concept of law, the main successor to analytic tradition in legal theory is the naturalistic approach based on evolutionism and latest trends in the natural sciences.In contrast, postanalytic topics are developed by critical theories. In the new situation, after the weakening of traditional legal controversies, the dispute between naturalists and postanalytic critics could become a major controversy in the field of contemporary legal theory
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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