131,286 research outputs found
Causal and Stable Input/Output Structures on Multidimensional Behaviours
No full textIn this work we study multidimensional (nD) linear differential behaviours with a distinguished independent variable called "time". We define in a natural way causality and stability on input/output structures with respect to this distinguished direction. We make an extension of some results in the theory of partial differential equations, demonstrating that causality is equivalent to a property of the transfer matrix which is essentially hyperbolicity of the Pc operator defining the behaviour (Bc)0,y We also quote results which in effect characterise time autonomy for the general systems case. Stability is likewise characterized by a property of the transfer matrix. We prove this result for the 2D case and for the case of a single equation; for the general case it requires solution of an open problem concerning the geometry of a particular set in Cn. In order to characterize input/output stability we also develop new results on inclusions of kernels, freeness of variables, and closure with respect to S,S' and associated spaces, which are of independent interest. We also discuss stability of autonomous behaviours, which we beleive to be governed by a corresponding condition
Kettenmigration in türkischen Familien: ihre Herkunftsbedingungen und ihre Effekte auf der Reorganisation der familiären Interaktionsstruktur in den Aufnahmegesellschaften
No full textKettenmigration in türkischen Familien : ihre Herkunftsbedingungen u. ihre Effekte auf d. Reorganisation d. familiären Interaktionsstruktur in d. Aufnahmeges. / Bernhard Nauck ; Sule Özel. - In: Migration. 2. 1987. S. 61-9
The high cost of protecting Uruguay's automotive industry
No full textDomestic content requirements are regulations that mandate minimum percentages of domestic value-added, or domestic components for products sold within the country, or provide strong incentives to substitute domestic for imported inputs. The author developed a model to investigate the distortions, costs, and transfers among groups caused by the combination of domestic content and compensatory export requirements. This model was applied to the protection scheme for Uruguay's automobile industry. The author found that the protective regime keeps vehicle prices and domestic production costs high and transfers large sums to special interest groups. Higher finished vehicle prices encourage more output from domestic assembly operations, but domestic content and compensatory export requirements discourage domestic assembly. The net effect could either encourage or discourage domestic assembly operations, depending on the net impact of the regulations. Trade in this industry should be liberalized. Care should be taken not to inadvertently increase effective protection of the assembly industry by, for example, phasing out domestic content and compensatory export requirements on kits faster than those on finished autos, thus temporarily encouraging domestic assembly.Economic Theory&Research,Environmental Economics&Policies,Access to Markets,Markets and Market Access,Water and Industry
Re-design warehouse plant layout for a food company
No full textPlan BThis research paper presents a comprehensive look at the issues involved in increasing production by expanding the number of operating lines within a food company at Eau-Claire, Wisconsin. Nestle was the company specifically selected for this study, which includes re-design warehouse storage methods and needs, re-design warehouse layout, and improvement in efficiency of their existing warehouse. Nestlé has been making food and beverage products for families around the world for more than a century. Nestles’ Eau Claire, Wisconsin factory produces wet and dry mixes of infant formula and health supplements. The facility contains a number of wet and dry mixing and packaging lines. The facility is supported by 2 warehouses, at either end of the facility, and 4 off-site warehouses. The North warehouse primarily stores corrugated and labeling packaging materials, and packaged finished goods. The South warehouse stores empty cans, can ends, ingredients, and staged materials. The off-site warehouses store additional bulk ingredients and packaging materials. This study will be focused on the South warehouse. The proposed layout must be robust, able to meet future needs without additional equipment or re-design. Long-term goals are to reduce the amount of ingredients inventory in stock, to reduce dependence on outside warehouses. The quantitative technique was used to describe the current receiving process, warehouse layout, and inventory status. The plant layout design offered potential improvement by trying to optimize quality, promoting effective use of the people, equipment and space and increasing production. Important recommendations are that weigh-up should only work one day ahead based on the next day’s production. Staged items from weigh-in should be stored together in groups of 3 pallets by batch. The location should be adjacent to weigh-up. All full pallets of bulk materials should be sent to the outside warehouses, because of the FIFO policy. Full pallets of bulk materials should be sent to the South warehouse one day in advance of production, based on the next day’s schedule. Full pallets of other ingredients should be stored by lot in the South warehouse
MeSH term explosion and author rank improve expert recommendations
No full textInformation overload is an often-cited phenomenon that reduces the productivity, efficiency and efficacy of scientists. One challenge for scientists is to find appropriate collaborators in their research. The literature describes various solutions to the problem of expertise location, but most current approaches do not appear to be very suitable for expert recommendations in biomedical research. In this study, we present the development and initial evaluation of a vector space model-based algorithm to calculate researcher similarity using four inputs: 1) MeSH terms of publications; 2) MeSH terms and author rank; 3) exploded MeSH terms; and 4) exploded MeSH terms and author rank. We developed and evaluated the algorithm using a data set of 17,525 authors and their 22,542 papers. On average, our algorithms correctly predicted 2.5 of the top 5/10 coauthors of individual scientists. Exploded MeSH and author rank outperformed all other algorithms in accuracy, followed closely by MeSH and author rank. Our results show that the accuracy of MeSH term-based matching can be enhanced with other metadata such as author rank
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Supplemental material for Submicron aerosol filtration performance of centrifugally spun nanofibrous polyvinylpyrrolidone media
No full textSupplemental Material for Submicron aerosol filtration performance of centrifugally spun nanofibrous polyvinylpyrrolidone media by Gungor Melike, Mehmet D Calisir, Yasin Akgul, Sule Selcuk, Demir Ali and Ali Kilic in Journal of Industrial Textiles</p
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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