125,190 research outputs found
Wawasan al-Qur'an Tentang Kepemimpinan Nabi Sulaiman (Suatu Kajian Maudhu'i)
Get PDFTesis ini berjudul “Wawasan al-Qur’an tentang Kepemimpinan Nabi
Sulaiman as.” Bahasan seputar kepemimpinan menjadi tema sentral dalam kajian ini.
Untuk itu, penulis mencoba untuk menelusuri melalui pendekatan tematik
(maudhu’i), yaitu dengan menghimpun ayat-ayat al-Qur’an yang menyebutkan
terkait tentang kepemimpinan Nabi Sulaiman as. dalam al-Qur’an, kemudian
meneliti makna di semua ayat terkait dan menemukan titik simpul pemaknaan yang
valid. #
Dari permasalahan pokok dijabarkan dalam bentuk sub masalah yaitu hakikat
kepemimpinan Nabi Sulaiman, wujud kepemimpinan Nabi Sulaiman, dan urgensi
kepemimpinan Nabi Sulaiman as. dalam al-Qur’a>n.
Penelitian ini menggunakan kualitatif deskriptif. Adapun sumber data bersifat
penelitian kepustakaan (library research). untuk menafsirkan ayat-ayat
menggunakan Pendekatan tafsir (exegetical approach) karena tehnik kerjanya lebih
banyak bersentuhan dengan kitab-kitab tafsir serta penafsiran dari para ahli yang
bergelut pada bidang sejarah khususnya tentang kepemimpinan Nabi Sulaiman.
Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Sulaiman adalah seorang raja
Bani> Israil di masa dahulu kala. Sulaiman diangkat menjadi raja pada usia remaja
menggantikan ayahnya yaitu Nabi Daud, dan lafaz Nabi Sulaiman disebutkan dalam
al-Qur’an sebanyak 17 kali. Hakikat kepemimpinan Nabi Sulaiman adalah keinginan
untuk menggambarkan wawasan kepemimpinan Nabi Sulaiman dalam al-Qur’an,
sedangkan wujud dari kepemimpinan Nabi Sulaiman ada dua yaitu model
kepemimpinan Nabi Sulaiman, dan kriteria kepemimpinan Nabi Sulaiman. Model
kepemimpinan Nabi Sulaiman meliputi kepemimpinan beliau kepada manusia, dan
kepemimpinan beliau kepada sebagian makhluk. Kriteria kepemimpinan Nabi
Sulaiman adalah beliau jelas dan terang dalam memimpin, cerdas, istiqamah,
bijaksana, jauh dari tindak korupsi, selalu menjaga kesehatan tubuh, dan memiliki
kedekatan dengan tuhan. Adapun urgensi kepemimpinan Nabi Sulaiman adalah
meliputi faktor-faktor yang melandasi kepemimpinan Nabi Sulaiman yaitu karena
fasilitas yang memadai, dan memiliki balatentara yang cukup.
Dari hasil penelitian tersebut di atas, menunjukkan bahwa wawasan
kepemimpinan Nabi Sulaiman dapat menjadi teladan dalam melahirkan para
pemimpin muslim. Yang berimplikasi pada pemberian pencerahan pada segenap
umat manusia untuk berusaha menjalankan statuta kepemimpinan tersebut sehingga
terwujud kehidupan yang lebih baik. Olehnya itu, perlunya bercermin kepada
kepemimpinan yang digambarkan di dalam al-Qur’an dalam upaya menghadapi
krisis kepemimpinan ini. Pemimpin saat ini harus siap untuk meningkatkan mental
kepemimpinan (leadership spirit), dengan menanamkan sifat-sifat keNabian di
dalam dirinya
KISAH NABI SULAIMAN DALAM AL-QUR’AN (PERSPEKTIF SEMIOTIKA ROLAND BARTHES)
Get PDFKisah Nabi Sulaiman menjadi salah satu topik yang dibahas dalam Al-
Qur’an. Dalam struktur bahasanya, terdapat simbol-simbol dan kode-kode yang
perlu diinterpretasikan. Simbol tersebut di antaranya adalah sosok Nabi Sulaiman
sendiri dan Ratu Saba’ yang dinyatakan dalam al-Qur’an secara berulang dan
menjadi salah satu fragmen yang menarik perhatian. Penelitian ini dipandang
perlu dengan dua alasan. Pertama, pemilihan kisah Nabi Sulaiman diasumsikan
kisah tersebut banyak mengandung pelajaran. Selain imajinatif, di dalamnya sarat
dengan nilai-nilai filosofis yang perlu digali lebih dalam. Kedua, dalam kuantitas
ayat, kisah Nabi Sulaman mempunyai dominasi yang terbilang banyak, yaitu
sebanyak 52 ayat; termasuk di dalamnya 17 kali penyebutan kata Sulaima>n.
Untuk membedah simbol-simbol dan kode-kode yang terdapat dalam kisah
tersebut, penulis menggunakan pendekatan semiotika Roland Barthes dengan
metode deskriptif dalam penelitian ini. Pemilihan teori semiotika Roland Barthes
dikarenakan ia mengembangkan tatanan pertandaan yang bertingkat; tidak hanya
berhenti pada tataran denotasi, tetapi lanjut pada tataran konotasi. Sistem
pertandaan yang demikian tentu sangat sesuai dengan kajian penafsiran al-Qur’an,
sebab pemahaman terhadap al-Qur’an tidak sekadar pemahaman linguistik,
namun perlu pemahaman yang lebih mendalam. Sebagai langkah awal, penulis
membagi kisah Nabi Sulaiman menjadi empat fragmen. Pertama, prolog kisah.
Kedua, sosok Nabi Sulaiman yang terbagi menjadi dua bagian, yakni mewarisi
Nabi Dawud dan nabi-nabi lainnya dan memiliki berbagai keistimewaan yang
dianugerahi oleh Allah. Ketiga, dakwah Nabi Sulaiman terhadap Ratu Saba’.
Fragmen ini terbagi menjadi tiga bagian, yakni berita dari burung Hudhud, reaksi
Ratu Saba’ terhadap surat Nabi Sulaiman, dan tunduknya Ratu Saba’ terhadap
Nabi Sulaiman. Keempat, akhir hayat Nabi Sulaiman. Fragmen ini meliputi dua
bagian, yakni wafatnya Nabi Sulaiman dan kisah tentang sihir yang difitnahkan
kepada Nabi Sulaiman.
Masing-masing fragmen dianalisis dengan memperhatikan aspek linguistik
setiap ayat kemudian masuk dalam analisis mitos untuk mencari makna dalam
setiap simbol dan kode. Tanda-tanda yang didapatkan dalam kisah ini diantaranya
adalah Nabi Sulaiman, al-khail, al-ri>h{, Burung Hudhud, doa Nabi Sulaiman, Ratu
Bilqis, dan wafatnya Nabi Sulaiman. Selain makna-makna yang terkandung dalam
setiap tanda tersebut, kisah Nabi Sulaiman dalam al-Qur’an mengandung pesanpesan
berupa nilai-nilai filosofis. Nilai-nilai tersebut adalah kepemimpinan,
dakwah, syukur dan menjadikan Tuhan sebagai tempat segala kembali.
Kepemimpinan Nabi Sulaiman memiliki ciri khas mengedepankan sikap tegas,
welas asih, peduli terhadap sesama, adil, menjaga harga diri dan anti korupsi.
Adapun Ratu Bilqis menjunjung tinggi prinsip musyawarah dan tidak sewenangwenang
terhadap bawahan serta mempunyai kecerdasan intelektual maupun
mental. Nilai syukur tergambar dalam doa-doa Nabi Sulaiman. Selain itu, sebagai
akhir dari segalanya, Nabi Sulaiman dan Ratu Bilqis selalu menjadikan Tuhan
sebagai tempat segala kembali; kekuasaan, harta bahkan jiwa dan rag
Chorta (Wild Greens) in Central Crete: The Bio-Cultural Heritage of a Hidden and Resilient Ingredient of the Mediterranean Diet
Get PDFSIMPLE SUMMARY: Wild greens (WGs) are thought to have played a crucial role in the post-Neolithic Mediterranean diets of the Near East and the Mediterranean. The current study reports the bio-cultural diversity of WGs (Chorta) in Central Crete. Comparison with some Greek historical data of the 19th and 20th centuries shows that WGs have remained resilient and are still crucial in the daily Cretan diet, with an important role played by weedy Asteraceae species. Cross-cultural comparison with the WGs gathered and consumed in the Central and Eastern Mediterranean demonstrates a remarkable diversity of Cretan WGs and important similarities with those consumed in Greek-speaking Cyprus, the Bodrum area of Turkey, coastal Syria, and Southern Italy. The implications of Cretan Chorta for both historical studies of the Mediterranean Diet and for promoting WGs-centered food heritage are discussed. ABSTRACT: An ethnobotanical field study focusing on traditional wild greens (WGs) was carried out in Central Crete, Greece. Through thirty-one semi-structured interviews, a total of fifty-five wild green plants and their culinary uses and linguistic labels were documented; they were mostly consumed boiled (vrasta) or fried (tsigariasta), as a filling for homemade pies. Comparison with some Greek historical data of the 19th and 20th centuries showed that WGs have remained resilient and are still present in the current Cretan diet. Cross-cultural comparison with the WGs gathered and consumed in other areas of the Central and Eastern Mediterranean demonstrated a remarkable diversity of Cretan WGs and important similarities with those consumed in Greek-speaking Cyprus, the Bodrum area of Turkey, coastal Syria, and Southern Italy. We discussed the cognitive categories linked to Chorta, as well as the possible origin of an original “bulk” of post-Neolithic food weeds that could have spread from the Fertile Crescent westwards across the Mediterranean basin over a few millennia. The current study represents a crucial effort to document and preserve the bio-cultural gastronomic heritage of Chorta and it is advisable that both biology and history scholars, as well as policy makers, pay needed attention to the WGs of the Cretan and Mediterranean diet
A Multi-Language Comparison of Influences on Author Verification using Character N-Grams
No full textWe create a new multi-language corpus for author verification based on Wikipedia talkpages, and evaluate the influence that differences in topic and time have on character n-gram author profiles. Topic alignment between two texts is found to increase author verification precision, and an authors writing style is found to change over time, but not more significantly after 3 years than after 1 year.Information ArchitectureWISElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
From Şxex to Chorta: The Adaptation of Maronite Foraging Customs to the Greek Ones in Kormakitis, Northern Cyprus
Get PDFThe traditional foraging of wild vegetables (WVs) has played an important role in the post-Neolithic development of rural local food systems of the Near East and the Mediterranean. This study assessed the WVs gathered by the ancient Maronite Arabic diaspora of Kurmajit/Kormakitis village in Northern Cyprus and compared them with those gathered by their Cypriot and Arab Levantine neighbors. An ethnobotanical field survey focusing on WVs was conducted via twenty-two semi-structured interviews among the few remaining Maronite elderly inhabitants (approximately 200); and the resulting data were compared with those described in a few field studies previously conducted in Cyprus, Lebanon, and coastal Syria. Wild vegetables in Kormakitis are grouped into a folk category expressed by the emic lexeme Şxex, which roughly corresponds to the Greek concept of Chorta (wild greens). The large majority of Şxex have Greek folk phytonyms and they overlap for the most part with the WVs previously reported to be gathered by Greek Cypriots, although a remarkable number of WVs are also shared with that of the other groups. The findings address a possible adaptation of Maronite WV foraging to the Greek one, which may be explained by the fact that the Maronite minority and the majority Greek communities lived side by side for many centuries. Additionally, after Turkish occupation in 1974, a remarkable migration/urbanization of Maronites to the main Greek centers on the southern side of the isle took place, and Kurmajit became part of Cypriot trans-border family networks
Outer rotor wound field flux switching machine for In-wheel direct drive application
Get PDFNowadays the flux switching machines offer pivotal role in high speed applications. The flux sources (field excitation coil and armature winding or permanent magnet) are confined to the stator leaving rotor completely passive, and thus making the flux switching machine (FSM) more suitable for industrial applications. This paper emphasizes salient rotor pole and non-overlapping windings embedded in electrical machine design possess some pertinent features such as reduced copper losses, low-cost, and usage in high speed applications. The proposed design is analyzed for coil test analysis and flux linkage and torque. On the basis of the analysis performed, it is clear that 12-slot/13-pole has low cogging torque, high flux linkage, and maximum torque, compared with other topologies of outer rotor field excitation FSM. A deterministic optimization technique is adopted to enhance the performance of 12-slot/13-pole design. Further, finite element analysis (FEA) results are verified through Global Reluctance Network (GRN) methodology, which show close resemblance with error less than 1.2%. Hence, it validates the proposed design for outer rotor field excitation FSM direct drive application. The proposed design for hybrid electric vehicle torque characteristic is compared with existing interior permanent magnet synchronous machine (IPMSM) and 6-slot/7-pole wound field flux switching machine (WFFSM)
Socio–Cultural Significance of Yerba Maté among Syrian Residents and Diaspora
No full textSocio–Cultural Significance of Yerba Maté among Syrian Residents and Diaspora. Syria is the world’s second–largest importer of the dried leaves of Ilex paraguariensis A.St.–Hil., commonly known as yerba maté. The unique story of yerba maté in the Syrian beverage culture started at the beginning of the twentieth century when Syrian migrants returning from South America brought the beverage with them. The overall aim of our study is to understand yerba maté use among Syrians and its role as an essential part of the Syrian beverage culture. We compare yerba maté consumption on spatial, gender, and religious bases through semi–structured interviews with 50 respondents, with equal participation among genders, place of residence, and cultural–religious groups (Sunni, Alawite, Christian, Druze, and Ismaili). We found that the Alawite and Druze groups have the highest yerba maté consumption, and that men drink more than women. Yerba maté was the most preferred stimulant drink among participants, followed by coffee and tea, respectively. Interviews reveal social and cultural factors, perceived addiction, perceived pleasure, and perceived health properties as the drivers behind yerba maté consumption in Syria
Food Behavior in Emergency Time: Wild Plant Use for Human Nutrition during the Conflict in Syria
Get PDFWild food plants (WFPs) have been an important source of human nutrition since ancient times, and it particularly revives when conventional food is not available due to emergency situations, such as natural disasters and conflicts. The war in Syria has entered 10 years since it started in 2011, and it has caused the largest war-related crises since World War II. Nearly 60% of the Syrian population (12.4 million people) are food-insecure. WFPs are already culturally important in the region, and may be supplementing local diets during this conflict. Our study aimed to uncover the conflict’s effect on the use of WFPs and to know what species are consumed by local people during the current crisis. The fieldwork was carried out between March 2020 and March 2021 in the Tartus governorate located in the coastal region of Syria. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 50 participants (26 women and 24 men) distributed in 26 villages along the study area. We recorded the vernacular names, uses, plant parts used, modes of preparation and consumption, change in WFP use before and during the conflict, and informants’ perceptions towards WFPs. We documented 75 wild food plant species used for food and drink. Almost two-thirds (64%) of informants reported an increase in their reliance on wild plants as a food source during the conflict. The species of Origanum syriacum, Rhus coriaria, Eryngium creticum, and Cichorium intybus were among the most quoted species by informants. Sleeq (steamed leafy vegetables), Zaatar (breakfast/dinner food), and Louf (soup) were the most popular wild plant-based dishes
The vanishing author in computer-generated works: a critical analysis of recent Australian case law
Get PDFAbstract
The use of software is ubiquitous in the creation of many copyright works, yet the requirement in copyright law that every work have a human author who engages in independent intellectual effort means that its use may prevent copyright subsistence. Several recent Australian cases have refocused attention on authorship as an essential criterion of copyright subsistence, and these cases suggest that much computer-produced output may be authorless and thus lack copyright protection. This article, the first in a two-part series, analyses how each case deals with the question of authorship of computer-produced works and why the use of software diminishes copyright protection for a significant number of computer-generated works. The article critiques the application of conventional notions of human authorship developed in the pre-computer age to modern productions and suggests alternative approaches to authorship that satisfy both the major objectives of copyright policy and the need to adapt to the computer age. The article argues that, without a broader judicial approach to authorship of computer-generated works, Parliament must remedy the lacuna in protection for these ‘authorless’ works. Possible solutions for reform are suggested. In a forthcoming article, the author comprehensively examines those reform proposals
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