1,720,962 research outputs found
Pengaruh Latihan Fisik terhadap Perbaikan Resistensi Insulin
Full text linkAbstract--Insulin resistance underlies the pathogenesis of chronic disease, such as diabetes mellitus which has high morbidity and mortality rate. Insulin resistance is a pathological condition when cells fail to respond normally to the insulin hormone, because of insulin signaling pathway disruption. Bound between insulin and insulin’s receptor cannot phosphorylate tyrosine and fail to activate insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1). This failure decrease Glucose transporter-4 (GLUT-4) expression on the skeletal muscle’s cell membrane, that leads to decrease glucose influx and increase blood glucose level. A routine physical training which does according to adequate training dose, will activate adenosin 5’monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and lead to the translocation of GLUT-4 vesicles without insulin and insulin’s receptor bonding.GLUT-4 expression on the skeletal muscle’s cell membrane which is stimulated by muscle contraction will increase glucose influx and decrease blood glucose level.
Keywords: insulin resistance; physical training; insulin signaling pathway
Abstrak--Resistensi insulin merupakan penyebab yang mendasari terjadinya penyakit kronis seperti diabetes melitus yang memiliki angka morbiditas dan mortalitas tinggi.Resistensi insulin merupakan keadaan patologis dimana terjadi kegagalan respon seluler terhadap hormon insulin akibat gangguan pada jalur sinyal insulin.Ikatan insulin pada reseptornya tidak dapat menyebabkan fosforilasi tirosin sehingga tidak dapat mengaktivasi insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1). Kegagalan aktivasi tersebut akan menyebabkan penurunan ekspresi Glucose transporter-4 (GLUT-4) pada membran sel otot rangka sehingga ambilan glukosa oleh sel menurun dan glukosa darah meningkat. Latihan fisik yang dilakukan secara rutin, teratur dan sesuai dengan dosis latihan yang tepat dapat mengaktivasi adenosin 5’monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), sehingga menyebabkan translokasi vesikel berisi GLUT-4, tanpa melalui ikatan insulin dengan reseptornya. Ekspresi GLUT-4 pada membran sel yang dirangsang oleh kontraksi otot akan meningkatkan ambilan glukosa dan menurunkan glukosa darah.
Kata kunci: resistensi insulin; latihan fisik; jalur sinyal insuli
Pengaruh Aktivitas Fisik Terhadap Risiko Obesitas Pada Usia Dewasa=The Effect Of Physical Activity On The Risk Of Obesity In Adulthood
Full text linkIndonesia has an increasing number of obese people every year. Risk factors and complications caused by obesity
can increase morbidity and mortality in the community. One of factors causing the increasing number of obese
people is caused by the decreasing level of physical activities done by Indonesian people. This study aims to
determine the effect of physical activity levels on the risk of obesity. The study used an observational analytic case
control design. Subjects were chosen through a purposive sampling method. The population was young adults in
Surabaya. The sample of the study included 97 obese adults and 97 non-obese adults. The study was conducted
in March - July 2018 in South Surabaya through distributing questionnaires to two groups. The questionnaire
given used the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ). The results showed that physical activity
performed by adult age group of obesity was mostly classified as low activity (59,8%), while non-obese adult age group was mostly included in medium activity (56,6%). This shows a significant difference in physical activity
between obese and non-obese groups (p=0,047). It can be concluded that decreased levels of physical activity
may increase the risk of obesity in adult
Analisis Performa CHATGPT Dalam Kasus Problem Based Learning
Full text linkLatar Belakang: Kecerdasan Buatan (Artificial Intelligence) telah mengalami perkembangan pesat, terutama dalam bidang Natural Language Processing (NLP). Salah satu contoh aplikasi NLP yang menjanjikan adalah ChatGPT, yang dikembangkan oleh OpenAI. ChatGPT telah menunjukkan kemampuan yang signifikan dalam berbagai aspek, mulai dari penyelesaian matematika hingga menjawab pertanyaan umum. Dalam bidang pendidikan kedokteran, penggunaan metode Problem Based Learning (PBL) sangat penting dalam melatih kemampuan pemikiran kritis dan pemecahan masalah mahasiswa. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan akurasi kemampuan ChatGPT dalam memahami kasus PBL, menganalisis tingkat akurasi diagnosa dan diagnosa banding ChatGPT terhadap kasus PBL, serta menunjukkan tingkat variasi diagnosa banding. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Metode: Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam studi ini adalah penelitian eksperimental-deskriptif kuantitatif. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pengujian akurasi terhadap aplikasi ChatGPT menggunakan kasus PBL. Hasil:Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ChatGPT memiliki tingkat akurasi tinggi dalam memberikan respon diagnosa pada kasus PBL. Dalam 6 kasus PBL yang diuji, ChatGPT mencapai tingkat akurasi sekitar 92% dalam memberikan diagnosa. Namun, terdapat beberapa variasi dalam diagnosa banding yang diberikan oleh ChatGPT, yang lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan diagnosa banding faktual dari kasus PBL yang telah diujikan ke siswa sebelumnya. Kesimpulan: hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa ChatGPT memiliki tingkat akurasi tinggi dalam memberikan respon diagnosa pada kasus PBL. Tingkat akurasi diagnosa adalah sekitar 92%, sedangkan akurasi diagnosa banding adalah sekitar 88%. Terdapat variasi diagnosa banding yang lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan diagnosa banding faktual. Oleh karena itu, ChatGPT dapat digunakan sebagai sumber informasi tambahan untuk meningkatkan wawasan, namun tetap perlu melakukan validasi informasi
Red Ginger (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum) Infusion in Improve COPD Symptoms
Full text linkChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major global health problem and has an impact
on increasing health costs and decreasing productivity. Red ginger infusion (Zingiber officinale var.
rubrum) is one of the most widely consumed medicinal plants in Indonesia. This study determine the
improvement of COPD symptoms with CAT (COPD Assessment Test) questionnaire from red ginger
therapy. The research method was pre-post design in May-September 2021. Respondents were adult
COPD patients in Mojokerto City. The study was conducted by measuring COPD symptoms with
CAT questionnaire. Red ginger therapy with 250 grams for 4 months was applied to respondents.
Data analysis evaluated effectiveness of COPD symptom improvement in red ginger infusion using
t-test. Research respondents were 21 peoples. The average age of respondents was 53.24 years. Some
respondents experienced an increase in CAT values after red ginger therapy were 66.67%. Based on a
different test, it showed Pvalue=0.028 (P<0.05), which proved that there was a significant difference
between the CAT values before and after red ginger therapy for 4 weeks. Red ginger treatment for
4 weeks was effective in improving COPD daily symptoms compared to before therapy. Therefore,
therapy using red ginger need attention because it may help COPD therapy.
Penyakit paru obstruktif kronik (PPOK) merupakan masalah kesehatan global yang utama dan
berdampak pada peningkatan biaya kesehatan dan penurunan produktivitas. Jahe merah infus (Zingiber
officinale var. rubrum) merupakan salah satu tanaman obat yang banyak dikonsumsi di Indonesia.
Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui perbaikan gejala PPOK dengan kuesioner CAT (COPD Assesment
Test) dari terapi jahe merah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pre-post design pada bulan
Mei-September 2021. Responden adalah pasien PPOK dewasa yang berdomisili di Kota Mojokerto.
Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengukur gejala PPOK dengan kuesioner CAT. Selanjutnya, terapi
seduhan jahe merah dosis 250 gram selama 4 bulan diaplikasikan pada pasien. Analisis data untuk
menguji efektifitas perbaikan gejala PPOK pada infusa jahe merah menggunakan uji-t. Responden
penelitian sebanyak 21 orang. Rata-rata usia responden adalah 53,24 tahun. sebagian responden
mengalami peningkatan nilai CAT setelah terapi jahe merah sebanyak 66,67%. Berdasarkan uji beda,
menunjukkan nilai P=0,028 (P<0,05), yang membuktikan ada perbedaan signifikan antara nilai CAT
sebelum dan setelah terapi jahe merah selama 4 minggu. Rebusan jahe merah selama 4 minggu efektif
memperbaiki gejala harian PPOK dibandingkan sebelum terapi. Oleh karena itu, terapi jahe merah
perlu mendapatkan perhatian karena mungkin dalam membantu terapi penyakit PPOK
Antioxidant activity in red mulberries on sperm development exposed by cigarette smoke
Full text linkIntroduction: The adverse effects of exposure to cigarette smoke have been discovered for a long time. However, most people assume that exposure to cigarette smoke merely causes respiratory problems. The increase in free radicals from cigarette smoke will also affect sperm development, decreasing the number of sperm produced. The intake of antioxidants derived from red mulberry is expected to reduce cigarette smoke exposure on sperm count. The study aimed to analyze the antioxidant activity of red mulberries on sperm development exposed by cigarette smoke in experimental animals.
Methods: This study employed experimental animals, Wistar Rats (Rattus norvegicus), divided into five groups with different treatments in each group. The treatment in the form of exposure to cigarette smoke and red mulberry was undertaken for 30 days. The parameters used were histological preparations from the testes by calculating the number of Leydig cells, spermatocytes, and spermatids in each tubule.
Results: The results showed that the negative control group had the highest mean, while the positive control group had the lowest mean. The treatment group showed that the more red mulberry juice was given, the more sperm count was increased. The study group had a significant difference (p 0.80)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Effects of Red Ginger (Zingiber officinale var rubrum) to Improve Lung Function in reducing the risk of COVID-19 in Stable COPD Patients
No full textChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major global health
problem and has an impact on increasing healthcare costs and decreasing
productivity. The use of natural therapy in the treatment of chronic
diseases is an opportunity for Indonesia as a tropical country that has
many variations of plants that have the potential to become herbal
medicines. Infusion red ginger (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum) is one of
the most widely consumed medicinal plants in Indonesia. This study at to
determine the effectiveness of improving lung function in red ginger
infusion in increasing the value of forced expiratory volume in 1 second
(FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) in COPD patients. The research
method used was pre-post design in May until September 2021.
Respondents were adult COPD patients domiciled in Mojoanyar districts,
Mojokerto City. The study was conducted by examining lung function,
then continued with 250 grams of red ginger steeping therapy for 4
months. Data analysis to examine the effectiveness of improving lung
function in red ginger infusion in increasing the value of FEV1/FVC in
COPD patients using t-test. Respondents used in this study were 21
people. The average age of the respondents was 53.24 years. The
normality test showed that the average per month all data were normally
distributed (Pvalue>0.05). Then continued with the t-test showing that
there is a significant change every month (P value=0.000). Infusion of red
ginger for 4 months was proven to be effective in increasing lung function
from the parameter values of FEV1/FVC significantly
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
- …
