1,720,961 research outputs found
Urinary tract dilation classification system for predicting surgical management and urinary tract infection in neonates and young infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textBackground: The urinary tract dilation classification system has recently been developed to ensure a unified approach to describe urinary tract dilation in neonates and young infants. However, the predictive value of this system for surgical intervention or urinary tract infection (UTI) has not yet been evaluated in a meta-analysis. Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the utility of a postnatal urinary tract dilation classification system for predicting surgical management or a UTI occurrence. Materials and methods: As the urinary tract dilation classification system was introduced in 2014, we searched Embase and PubMed databases for studies published between January 2014 and December 2022. Original articles that reported surgical interventions or UTI episodes according to postnatal urinary tract dilation grades were included. The pooled odds ratio (OR) was calculated, using either the fixed-effects or random-effects model, given the lower urinary tract dilation grades as the base category. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using the Newcastle–Ottawa scale. Results: Of the 285 articles reviewed, eight (comprising 2,165 children) were included in the analysis. The studies were of medium-to-high quality. Pooled analysis demonstrated that urinary tract dilation P3 (combined OR, 21.41; 95% confidence interval [CI], 15.72–29.17) and urinary tract dilation P2–P3 (combined OR, 65.17; 95% CI, 33.08–128.38) were associated with surgical intervention. The urinary tract dilation P3 (combined OR, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.56–2.85) and urinary tract dilation P2–P3 (combined OR, 3.36; 95% CI, 2.43–4.63) were associated with UTI episodes. Conclusion: The postnatal urinary tract dilation classification system is useful for predicting the need for surgical management and UTI episodes in infants with hydronephrosis
Effects of subjective stress levels on learning effectiveness in high-fidelity simulation among healthcare workers
No full textBACKGROUND: Appropriate stress reportedly influences memory gains. However, stress levels may vary across individuals and may lead to changes in vital signs as a physiological response induced by endogenous hormone secretion. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of high-fidelity simulation (HFS) training on cognitive performance using Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) scores as a subjective stress indicator and vital sign measurements as an objective stress indicator during Neonatal Resuscitation Program training. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was conducted as a single-blind randomized controlled study with a pre-post design for health care workers, including paediatric residents and nurses in charge of neonatal care. The trainees' vital signs and PSS scores were measured and determined before, during, and after each training session, and the results were analysed. RESULTS: A comparison of vital signs between groups after each training session revealed significant changes in heart rate (HR), and the PSS score significantly increased after practical training (2nd HR; 78.4 +/- 9.0 vs. 87.7 +/- 8.7, p = 0.05; 3rd HR 83.1 +/- 9.0 vs. 76.7 +/- 8.1, p = 0.041: 2nd PSS 15.1 +/- 3.3 vs. 18.2 +/- 4.8, p = 0.040), but there was no difference between the groups in terms of the final confirmed test result or PSS score (3rd result 66.3 +/- 24.4 vs. 72.7 +/- 12.7, p = 0.360; 3rd PSS 17.2 +/- 4.9 vs. 16.1 +/- 4.8, p = 0.510). When comparing vital signs, test scores, and PSS scores before and after HFS, regardless of the training sequence, no statistically significant changes were observed in the HR or respiratory rate (RR). However, body temperature (BT; 36.5 +/- 0.3 vs. 36.7 +/- 0.3, p < 0.001), mean blood pressure (BP; 81.9 +/- 11.8 vs. 84.8 +/- 10.2, p = 0.030), test scores (51.0 +/- 26.2 vs. 56.6 +/- 23.2, p < 0.001), and PSS scores (15.8 +/- 3.8 vs. 17.7 +/- 4.8, p = 0.036) significantly increased, whereas SpO(2) significantly decreased (99.3 +/- 0.8 vs. 98.8 +/- 1.4, p = 0.017). Multiple regression analysis was conducted to assess the relationship between PSS variability and final test score improvements. This revealed a significant relationship, as described by the following equation: final score difference = 34.997 + 1.637 x PSS variability (p = 0.006). CONCLUSION: The results of the analysis revealed a statistically significant relationship between the variability in subjective stress levels (PSS variability) and the improvement in final scores. This finding suggests that the greater the variability of subjective stress levels is, the greater the improvement in final scores is. Further research is needed to explore these relationships across different populations and training scenarios
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Evaluation of acute kidney injury in preterm infants using serum creatinine decline in comparison with KDIGO criteria
No full textBACKGROUND: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is commonly observed in critically ill neonates; however, early identification of AKI in the first week of life is challenging due to the influence of maternal serum creatinine (SCr). An alternative criterion proposed by Gupta et al. based on SCr decline may identify additional infants at risk beyond the KDIGO definition. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 409 infants with a gestational age < 32 weeks who were admitted to our NICU between 2018 and 2024. AKI was defined according to the KDIGO guidelines or the Gupta threshold for days 3, 5, or 7 SCr. We compared mortality, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), and length of hospital stay among the No-AKI, Gupta-only AKI, and KDIGO-AKI groups. RESULTS: Among 409 infants, 145 (35.5%) had Gupta-only AKI, 9 (2.2%) had KDIGO-only AKI, and 54 (13.2%) had both definitions. The infants with AKI were premature and had lower birth weights than those without AKI. Both AKI groups showed higher rates of composite outcomes (mortality or BPD) than the No-AKI (p < 0.001) group. Gupta-only AKI was associated with prolonged stay (+ 10.1 days, p = 0.01) and increased odds of BPD (adjusted OR 2.12, p = 0.023), while KDIGO-AKI had a stronger association with mortality (27.0%, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The Gupta definition identified a substantial subset of highly preterm infants at a higher risk of adverse outcomes who were missed using the KDIGO criteria. Integrating SCr level decline-based methods may improve early AKI detection and enhance outcomes in this vulnerable population
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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