139,981 research outputs found
The application of vascular immune organoids from human pluripotent stem cells in cancer immunotherapy and SARS-CoV-2 modeling
No full textOrganoid technology has advanced our understanding of development and disease models. Organoids derived from either human pluripotent stem cells or tissue stem cells offer us the amenable platform to genetically intervene in human organ development. The advance of genetic engineering and stem cell technology pushed the limit of what organoids can do. However, the current lack of both vasculatures and immune cells hinders the understanding of how vasculatures and immune cells regulate organ development as well as their role in pathologic conditions such as cancer and infection. We have previously established a unique organoid system from human pluripotent stem cells (Ohta et al., 2019; Sugimura et al., 2020, 2017). Followed by mesodermal patterning and hemato-endothelial specification with define factors, we achieved vascular immune organoids (VIOs). We identified the highly vascularized structure of VIOs. The repertoire of cells encompasses innate immune cells such as macrophages, neutrophils, erythroblasts, and NK cells, which demonstrated functional maturity. In this talk, we will share our recent efforts in i) engineering functional immune cells for cancer immunotherapy, ii) modeling vasculitis in SARS-CoV-2 infection. We propose that VIOs could further enhance the organoid technology in both cancer immunotherapy and SARS-CoV-2 modeling. References Ohta, R., Sugimura, R., Niwa, A., Saito, M.K., 2019. Hemogenic Endothelium Differentiation from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells in A Feeder- and Xeno-free Defined Condition. J. Vis. Exp. JoVE. https://doi.org/10.3791/59823 Sugimura, R., Jha, D.K., Han, A., Soria-Valles, C., da Rocha, E.L., Lu, Y.-F., Goettel, J.A., Serrao, E., Rowe, R.G., Malleshaiah, M., Wong, I., Sousa, P., Zhu, T.N., Ditadi, A., Keller, G., Engelman, A.N., Snapper, S.B., Doulatov, S., Daley, G.Q., 2017. Haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells from human pluripotent stem cells. Nature 545, 432–438. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature22370 Sugimura, R., Ohta, R., Mori, C., Li, A., Mano, T., Sano, E., Kosugi, K., Nakahata, T., Niwa, A., Saito, M.K., Torisawa, Y.-S., 2020. Biomimetic aorta-gonad-Mesonephros-on-a-Chip to study human developmental hematopoiesis. Biomed. Microdevices 22, 34. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10544-020-00488-
The application of vascular immune organoids from human pluripotent stem cells in cancer immunotherapy and SARS-CoV-2 modeling
No full textOrganoid technology has advanced our understanding of development and disease models. Organoids derived from either human pluripotent stem cells or tissue stem cells offer us the amenable platform to genetically intervene in human organ development. The advance of genetic engineering and stem cell technology pushed the limit of what organoids can do. However, the current lack of both vasculatures and immune cells hinders the understanding of how vasculatures and immune cells regulate organ development as well as their role in pathologic conditions such as cancer and infection. We have previously established a unique organoid system from human pluripotent stem cells (Ohta et al., 2019; Sugimura et al., 2020, 2017). Followed by mesodermal patterning and hemato-endothelial specification with define factors, we achieved vascular immune organoids (VIOs). We identified the highly vascularized structure of VIOs. The repertoire of cells encompasses innate immune cells such as macrophages, neutrophils, erythroblasts, and NK cells, which demonstrated functional maturity. In this talk, we will share our recent efforts in i) engineering functional immune cells for cancer immunotherapy, ii) modeling vasculitis in SARS-CoV-2 infection. We propose that VIOs could further enhance the organoid technology in both cancer immunotherapy and SARS-CoV-2 modeling. References Ohta, R., Sugimura, R., Niwa, A., Saito, M.K., 2019. Hemogenic Endothelium Differentiation from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells in A Feeder- and Xeno-free Defined Condition. J. Vis. Exp. JoVE. https://doi.org/10.3791/59823 Sugimura, R., Jha, D.K., Han, A., Soria-Valles, C., da Rocha, E.L., Lu, Y.-F., Goettel, J.A., Serrao, E., Rowe, R.G., Malleshaiah, M., Wong, I., Sousa, P., Zhu, T.N., Ditadi, A., Keller, G., Engelman, A.N., Snapper, S.B., Doulatov, S., Daley, G.Q., 2017. Haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells from human pluripotent stem cells. Nature 545, 432–438. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature22370 Sugimura, R., Ohta, R., Mori, C., Li, A., Mano, T., Sano, E., Kosugi, K., Nakahata, T., Niwa, A., Saito, M.K., Torisawa, Y.-S., 2020. Biomimetic aorta-gonad-Mesonephros-on-a-Chip to study human developmental hematopoiesis. Biomed. Microdevices 22, 34. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10544-020-00488-
Les conflits nippo-américains et le problème du Pacifique / M. Yoshitomi,... ; préfaces de M. Michel Revon,... de M. Y. Sugimura,...
No full textAppartient à l’ensemble documentaire : FranceJp0Contient une table des matièresAvec mode text
Nature of the Volume Isotope Effect in Ice
No full texthe substitution of hydrogen (H) by deuterium (D) in ice Ih and in its H-ordered version, ice XI, produces an anomalous form of volume isotope effect (VIE), i.e., volume expansion. This VIE contrasts with the normal VIE (volume contraction) predicted in ice-VIII and in its H-disordered form, ice VII. Here we investigate the VIE in ice XI and in ice VIII using first principles quasiharmonic calculations. We conclude that normal and anomalous VIEs can be produced in ice VIII and ice XI in sequence by application of pressure (ice XI starting at negative pressures) followed by a third type-anomalous VIE with zero-point volume contraction. The latter should also contribute to the isotope effect in the ice VII -> ice X transition. The predicted change between normal and anomalous VIE in ice VIII at 14.3 GPa and 300 K is well reproduced experimentally in ice VII using x-ray diffraction measurements. The present discussion of the VIE is general, and conclusions should be applicable to other solid phases of H2O, possibly to liquid water under pressure, and to other H-bonded materials
Spatially-localized time dependent solutions including turbulence and their interactions in 2D Kolmogorov flow
No full textIn 2D Kolmogorov flow in small aspect ratio domains, spatially-localized solutions such as kink, traveling or time-dependent kink-antikink pars coexist. However, the conservation of the flow rate in the y direction strongly restrict combination of localized solutions and their positioning. We find that by adding a homogeneous flow U y their positioning is controlled and each of localized solutions including a spatially-localized chaos is isolated. Numerical results suggest that these isolated solutions can be elements constructing a whole flow
Characteristics of overlap region in high-Reynolds number turbulent channel flow
No full textDirect numerical simulation of the fully developed turbulent channel flows have been carried out at the Reynolds number based on the friction velocity and the channel half width, 2000, 4000 and 8000. A hybrid 10th order accurate finite difference scheme in the stream and spanwise directions, and a second-order scheme in the wall-normal direction is adapted as the spatial discretization method. We observed the plateau profiles in the indicator function corresponded to the von Karman constant. Furthermore, second peak of streamwise pre-multiplied spectra were appeared in the same wall normal height, 300 < y+ < 600, in case of Re = 4000. Nevertheless, the effects of the lager than the channel half height scale on the streamwise turbulent intensity are fixed contributions without dependence on Reynolds number. These results suggested that the new streamwise vortexes are formed between buffer layer and outer layer with increasing of Reynolds number
La 'circunstancia' de 'Herederos y Pretendientes
No full textIn June 2010, the Ortega y Gasset Foundation hosted a Conference about the “Spanish Philosophical Transition” in order to debate the book of Francisco Vázquez, La filosofía española. Herederos y Pretendientes. Una lectura sociológica (1963-1990), recently published. This paper is the author’s response to criticism raised in the Conference and to published reviews received by this book. First, the author summarized the argument of Herederos y pretendientes. Secondly he responds and takes into account the most important objections against the book’s hypothesis and methodology. Finally the author evaluates the favorable judgments received by the book and suggests the limits of the historian’s task.Fundación Ortega y Gasset-Marañó
Author self-citation in orthodontics is associated with author origin and gender.
No full textBACKGROUND
The aims of this bibliometric study were to determine author self-citation trends in high-impact orthodontic literature and to investigate possible association between self-citation and publication characteristics.
METHODS
Six orthodontic journals with the highest impact factor as ranked by 2017 Journal Citation Reports were screened for a full publication year (2018) for original research articles, reviews, and case reports. Eligible articles were scrutinized for article and author characteristics and citation metrics. Univariable and multivariable negative binomial regression was used to examine associations between self-citation incidence and publication characteristics.
RESULTS
Medians for author self-citation rate of the most self-citing authors and self-citations were 3.03% (range 0-50) and 1 (range 0-19), respectively. In the univariable analysis, there was no association between self-citation counts and study type (P = 0.41), article topic (P = 0.61), number of authors (P = 0.62), and rank of authors (P = 0.56). Author origin (P = 0.001), gender (P = 0.001) and journal (P = 0.05) were associated with self-citation counts and in the multivariable analysis only origin and gender remained strong self-citation predictors. Asian authors and females self-cited significantly less often than all other regions and male authors.
CONCLUSIONS
Authors in orthodontics do not self-cite at a frequency that suggests potential citation manipulation. Author origin and gender were the only variables associated with citations counts. More bibliometric research is necessary to draw solid conclusions about author self-citation trends in orthodontic literature
Overview of the Author Profiling Task at PAN 2013
No full text[EN] This overview presents the framework and results for the Author Profiling
task at PAN 2013. We describe in detail the corpus and its characteristics,
and the evaluation framework we used to measure the participants performance to
solve the problem of identifying age and gender from anonymous texts. Finally,
the approaches of the 21 participants and their results are described.The author profiling task @PAN-2013 was an activity of the WIQ-EI IRSES project (Grant No. 269180) within the FP 7 Marie Curie People Framework of the European Commission. We want to thank the Forensic Lab of the Universitat Pompeu Fabra Barcelona for sponsoring the award for the winner team. The work of the first author was partially funded by Autoritas Consulting SA and by Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad de España under grant ECOPORTUNITY IPT-2012-1220-430000. The work of the second author was in the framework the DIANA-APPLICATIONS-Finding Hidden Knowledge in Texts: Applications (TIN2012-38603-C02-01) project, and the VLC/CAMPUS Microcluster on Multimodal Interaction in Intelligent Systems. The work of fifth author was funded in part by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) project "Mining Conversational Content for Topic Modelling and Author Identification (ChatMiner)" under grant number 200021_130208.Rangel, F.; Rosso, P.; Koppel, M.; Stamatatos, E.; Inches, G. (2013). Overview of the Author Profiling Task at PAN 2013. CLEF Conference on Multilingual and Multimodal Information Access Evaluation. 352-365. https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/46636S35236
Author Co-Citation Analysis (ACA): a powerful tool for representing implicit knowledge of scholar knowledge workers
No full textIn the last decade, knowledge has emerged as one of the most important and valuable organizational assets. Gradually this importance caused to emergence of new discipline entitled ―knowledge management‖. However one of the major challenges of knowledge management is conversion implicit or tacit knowledge to explicit knowledge. Thus Making knowledge visible so that it can be better accessed, discussed, valued or generally managed is a long-standing objective in knowledge management. Accordingly in this paper author co- citation analysis (ACA) will be proposed as an efficient technique of knowledge visualization in academia (Scholar knowledge workers)
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