189,536 research outputs found
Pseudoceros stellans Dixit & Bayyana & Manjebrayakath & Saravanane & Sudhakar 2019, sp. nov.
No full textPseudoceros stellans sp. nov. Dixit (Figs. 6, 7 & 8) Material examined: Holotype: One specimen (13 × 9 mm) as serial sections (16 Slides), remainder of animal in 70% ethanol. Collected on 21.5.2018, 15 m depth, Agatti Island (10°52′28′′N 72°11′11′′E), Lakshadweep, India (Regn. no. IO /IT/POY/00006) Type locality: Agatti Island, Lakshadweep, India. Etymology: From the Latin stellans (adjective) — starry or star studded; for stars like appearance on dorsum Diagnosis: Background body colour brown with numerous small white to yellow microdots on dorsum. Different sized yellow blotches present on dorsum but most of the small white blotches are present on marginal area. Half of the median area is marbled with irregular white shading, thus appearing as depigmented area. A thick black marginal band run around whole body including pseudotentacles. This marginal band is studded with microdots and small yellow blotches. Pseudotentacles are simple folding of the anterior margin, black and spotted with white dots on dorsal side. Cerebral eye cluster horseshoe shaped. Description: Live. Body small, oval and margin without ruffles. Background body colour brown (Fig. 6a). Numerous small white to yellow microdots present all over dorsum. White dots are numerous near median area and gradually turns yellow towards margins. Many yellow blotches of different sizes on dorsum near margins (Fig. 6a). Anterior half of median area is marbled with irregular white shading. Marginal band thick and black with minute yellow microdots and small yellow blotches. Pseudotentacles are simple foldings of the anterior margin, black and spotted with white dots on dorsal side. Cerebral eye cluster horseshoe shaped (Fig. 6b), tentacular eyes hard to recognize due to black colour of pseudotentacles. Ventral surface light brownish in colour. Preserved. Specimen brown in colour after fixation (Fig. 6c). Ventrally dull whitish in colour. Male and female pore are 0.6 mm apart, while female pore and sucker are 2 mm apart (Fig. 6d). Mouth and male pore are 1.2 mm apart while mouth and sucker are 3.9 mm apart. Pharynx ruffled with eight to nine folds and male pore is situated between last pair of pharyngeal folds. Cerebral eye cluster with about 60 - 65 eyes. Reproductive system: Male copulatory apparatus consists of seminal vesicle, free prostatic vesicle (Fig. 7a), penis papilla, penis stylet housed in male atrium which open outside via male pore. An oval seminal vesicle (317 x 157 µm) is present (Fig. 7b). Its rounded part oriented towards prostatic vesicle while tapered part is oriented towards cement glands. A free, small, circular and thick walled prostatic vesicle (80 x 58 µm) is present anterior to seminal vesicle (Fig. 7 a, b). Thickness of prostatic vesicle’s wall varies from 15 to 20 µm. Male atrium conical (283 µm x 187 µm) housing conical penis papilla (170 µm) with a stylet (Fig. 7c). Female copulatory apparatus consists of vagina, cement pouch surrounded by dense cement glands and female atrium. The vagina opens to a short female atrium via cement pouch which receives secretion from cement glands (Fig. 7c). Taxonomic remarks: Presence of ruffled pharynx, male copulatory apparatus just behind pharyngeal cavity, free prostatic vesicle, marginal tentacles formed by upfolding of anterior margin, centrally located sucker behind female pore (Faubel 1984) places Pseudoceros stellans sp. nov. in the family Pseudocerotidae while presence of characters such as smooth dorsal surface, single male copulatory apparatus with seminal vesicle (Fig. 4a) and armed penis papilla, pseudotentacles as simple folds of anterior margin, female pore equidistant from male pore and sucker (Faubel 1984; Newman and Cannon 1998) place this newly described species in the genus Pseudoceros. All of the above mentioned characters can be recognised in the present species from Agatti Island. The newly described species differs from all other congeners on the basis of dorsal colour and spots. Although there are some species under the genus Pseudoceros with spots (Pseudoceros astrorum Bulnes and Torres, 2014 Pseudoceros heroensis Newman and Cannon, 1994; P. josei Newman and Cannon, 1998; P. kylie Newman and Cannon, 1998; P. laingensis Newman and Cannon, 1998; P. leptostictus Bock, 1913, P. lindae Newman and Cannon, 1994; P. nigropunctatus Dixit, Raghunathan and Chandra, 2017 and P. vishnui Dixit, Raghunathan and Chandra, 2017) but the colour, size, arrangement, density and distribution of spots varies from species to species and is used for species identification. Pseudoceros josei, in terms of background colour and spots size and arrangement shows some affinity with the presently described species but it doesn’t have black marginal band. The spots turn white towards the margin (Newman and Cannon, 2005) which is opposite in case of P. stellans sp. nov. where spots turns yellow towards margin. Pseudoceros astrorum is also characterised by dark brown background with spots but it has a white marginal rim which is not present in P. stellans sp. nov. Pseudoceros kylie also possess dark brown background with cream microdots but has bright orange broken band just before the rim while the marginal band is black and continuous in P. stellans sp. nov. Other species such as P. laingensis (purple spots), P. leptostictus (small black and orange spots), P. lindae (golden yellow spots), P nigropunctatus (black spots with cream halo) and P. vishnui (purple to violet spots) possess spots with different types of colours, distribution and different type of marginal bands. Thus, in the light of above mentioned characters and comparisons, P. stellans sp. nov. is reported as a new species to science.Published as part of Dixit, Sudhanshu, Bayyana, Sharad, Manjebrayakath, Hashim, Saravanane, N. & Sudhakar, M., 2019, Polyclad fauna of Agatti Island, Lakshadweep, India: new records and description of two new species, pp. 246-260 in Zootaxa 4657 (2) on page 255, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4657.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/376911
Pseudoceros stellans Dixit & Bayyana & Manjebrayakath & Saravanane & Sudhakar 2019, sp. nov.
No full textPseudoceros stellans sp. nov. Dixit (Figs. 6, 7 & 8) Material examined: Holotype: One specimen (13 × 9 mm) as serial sections (16 Slides), remainder of animal in 70% ethanol. Collected on 21.5.2018, 15 m depth, Agatti Island (10°52′28′′N 72°11′11′′E), Lakshadweep, India (Regn. no. IO /IT/POY/00006) Type locality: Agatti Island, Lakshadweep, India. Etymology: From the Latin stellans (adjective) — starry or star studded; for stars like appearance on dorsum Diagnosis: Background body colour brown with numerous small white to yellow microdots on dorsum. Different sized yellow blotches present on dorsum but most of the small white blotches are present on marginal area. Half of the median area is marbled with irregular white shading, thus appearing as depigmented area. A thick black marginal band run around whole body including pseudotentacles. This marginal band is studded with microdots and small yellow blotches. Pseudotentacles are simple folding of the anterior margin, black and spotted with white dots on dorsal side. Cerebral eye cluster horseshoe shaped. Description: Live. Body small, oval and margin without ruffles. Background body colour brown (Fig. 6a). Numerous small white to yellow microdots present all over dorsum. White dots are numerous near median area and gradually turns yellow towards margins. Many yellow blotches of different sizes on dorsum near margins (Fig. 6a). Anterior half of median area is marbled with irregular white shading. Marginal band thick and black with minute yellow microdots and small yellow blotches. Pseudotentacles are simple foldings of the anterior margin, black and spotted with white dots on dorsal side. Cerebral eye cluster horseshoe shaped (Fig. 6b), tentacular eyes hard to recognize due to black colour of pseudotentacles. Ventral surface light brownish in colour. Preserved. Specimen brown in colour after fixation (Fig. 6c). Ventrally dull whitish in colour. Male and female pore are 0.6 mm apart, while female pore and sucker are 2 mm apart (Fig. 6d). Mouth and male pore are 1.2 mm apart while mouth and sucker are 3.9 mm apart. Pharynx ruffled with eight to nine folds and male pore is situated between last pair of pharyngeal folds. Cerebral eye cluster with about 60 - 65 eyes. Reproductive system: Male copulatory apparatus consists of seminal vesicle, free prostatic vesicle (Fig. 7a), penis papilla, penis stylet housed in male atrium which open outside via male pore. An oval seminal vesicle (317 x 157 µm) is present (Fig. 7b). Its rounded part oriented towards prostatic vesicle while tapered part is oriented towards cement glands. A free, small, circular and thick walled prostatic vesicle (80 x 58 µm) is present anterior to seminal vesicle (Fig. 7 a, b). Thickness of prostatic vesicle’s wall varies from 15 to 20 µm. Male atrium conical (283 µm x 187 µm) housing conical penis papilla (170 µm) with a stylet (Fig. 7c). Female copulatory apparatus consists of vagina, cement pouch surrounded by dense cement glands and female atrium. The vagina opens to a short female atrium via cement pouch which receives secretion from cement glands (Fig. 7c). Taxonomic remarks: Presence of ruffled pharynx, male copulatory apparatus just behind pharyngeal cavity, free prostatic vesicle, marginal tentacles formed by upfolding of anterior margin, centrally located sucker behind female pore (Faubel 1984) places Pseudoceros stellans sp. nov. in the family Pseudocerotidae while presence of characters such as smooth dorsal surface, single male copulatory apparatus with seminal vesicle (Fig. 4a) and armed penis papilla, pseudotentacles as simple folds of anterior margin, female pore equidistant from male pore and sucker (Faubel 1984; Newman and Cannon 1998) place this newly described species in the genus Pseudoceros. All of the above mentioned characters can be recognised in the present species from Agatti Island. The newly described species differs from all other congeners on the basis of dorsal colour and spots. Although there are some species under the genus Pseudoceros with spots (Pseudoceros astrorum Bulnes and Torres, 2014 Pseudoceros heroensis Newman and Cannon, 1994; P. josei Newman and Cannon, 1998; P. kylie Newman and Cannon, 1998; P. laingensis Newman and Cannon, 1998; P. leptostictus Bock, 1913, P. lindae Newman and Cannon, 1994; P. nigropunctatus Dixit, Raghunathan and Chandra, 2017 and P. vishnui Dixit, Raghunathan and Chandra, 2017) but the colour, size, arrangement, density and distribution of spots varies from species to species and is used for species identification. Pseudoceros josei, in terms of background colour and spots size and arrangement shows some affinity with the presently described species but it doesn’t have black marginal band. The spots turn white towards the margin (Newman and Cannon, 2005) which is opposite in case of P. stellans sp. nov. where spots turns yellow towards margin. Pseudoceros astrorum is also characterised by dark brown background with spots but it has a white marginal rim which is not present in P. stellans sp. nov. Pseudoceros kylie also possess dark brown background with cream microdots but has bright orange broken band just before the rim while the marginal band is black and continuous in P. stellans sp. nov. Other species such as P. laingensis (purple spots), P. leptostictus (small black and orange spots), P. lindae (golden yellow spots), P nigropunctatus (black spots with cream halo) and P. vishnui (purple to violet spots) possess spots with different types of colours, distribution and different type of marginal bands. Thus, in the light of above mentioned characters and comparisons, P. stellans sp. nov. is reported as a new species to science.Published as part of Dixit, Sudhanshu, Bayyana, Sharad, Manjebrayakath, Hashim, Saravanane, N. & Sudhakar, M., 2019, Polyclad fauna of Agatti Island, Lakshadweep, India: new records and description of two new species, pp. 246-260 in Zootaxa 4657 (2) on page 255, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4657.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/376911
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
ADVANCEMENT IN IOT
No full text<p>Welcome to the world of the Internet of Things (IoT), an ever-expanding landscape that is transforming the way we live, work, and interact with technology. The IoT is revolutionizing industries, enabling seamless communication between devices, and bringing unprecedented levels of automation and efficiency to our daily lives.</p><p>This book is a comprehensive guide to understanding the foundations, architectures, protocols, and applications of the Internet of Things. It explores the underlying principles that drive the IoT, the challenges it poses, and the exciting opportunities it presents. Whether you are a student, a professional, or simply curious about this cutting-edge technology, this book aims to provide valuable insights into the fascinating world of IoT.</p><p>We begin with an introduction to the IoT, exploring its concept and significance in today's interconnected world. We delve into the reasons why we need to monitor and control everything, who takes responsibility for supervision, and how safety can be assured in this rapidly evolving ecosystem. Then, we explore the interconnection models for open systems and the OSI model that underlies the functioning of the internet. We delve into the key networking protocols and their performance attributes that enable the IoT to function seamlessly. Sensors form the foundation of the IoT, providing the capability to gather data from the physical world. We examine various types of sensors, such as RFID, tracking videos, temperature sensors, gyroscopes, and more, which are essential for creating smart and interconnected devices. With the proliferation of interconnected devices, security and privacy become paramount concerns. And focuses on the challenges of securing IoT systems and explores various security schemes and protocols to safeguard against potential attacks and threats. The IoT's impact extends across numerous domains and industries. We explore diverse applications, from healthcare and fitness to smart cities, agriculture, logistics, and industry, showcasing the transformative potential of IoT in various sectors. The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) brings immense opportunities and challenges to industrial settings. We explore the application of IIoT in manufacturing, agriculture, healthcare, and transportation. Additionally, we discuss future technologies, like 5G and blockchain-based IIoT, and their implications. In conclusion, the Internet of Things is a dynamic and everevolving domain that continues to shape the future of technology. As you journey through this book, you will gain valuable insights into the fundamental concepts, architectures, and applications of IoT, empowering you to be at the forefront of this transformative revolution.</p><p>Let this book serve as your guide to unlocking the potential of the Internet of Things and embracing the possibilities it offers. Enjoy the exploration of the IoT world, and may this knowledge inspire you to create innovative solutions that will shape the connected world of tomorrow.</p>
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
sj-xlsx-1-mbi-10.1177_11786361211053344 – Supplemental material for Meningococcal Disease Burden in India: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
No full textSupplemental material, sj-xlsx-1-mbi-10.1177_11786361211053344 for Meningococcal Disease Burden in India: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by Canna Jagdish Ghia and Gautam Sudhakar Rambhad in Microbiology Insights</p
sj-docx-1-smo-10.1177_20503121221095485 – Supplemental material for Systematic review and meta-analysis of comorbidities and associated risk factors in Indian patients of community-acquired pneumonia
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-smo-10.1177_20503121221095485 for Systematic review and meta-analysis of comorbidities and associated risk factors in Indian patients of community-acquired pneumonia by Canna Jagdish Ghia and Gautam Sudhakar Rambhad in SAGE Open Medicine</p
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The use of New York cotton futures contracts to hedge cotton price risk in developing countries
Full text linkCotton exports account for a significant share of commodity exports for some developing countries, especially in West Africa and Central Asia. In these countries, dependency on cotton for export revenues has increased in the past 20 years. These countries therefore have a high exposure to cotton price volatility. Cotton-producing developing countries and economies in transition make little use of hedging mechanisms to reduce risk from the volatility of cotton export revenues. Countries in Francophone West Africa use forward sales to hedge but only for a small share of the crop. These countries could use cotton futures and options contracts to hedge against short- to medium-term price volatility, making cotton export revenues more predictable. Cotton futures and options contracts could also make cotton-related commercial transactions more flexible. (Futures could be sold when there are no buyers in the physical market, for example.) In West Africa, futures and options could complement the existing system of forward sales. The authors examine the feasibility of using New York cotton futures and options contracts as hedging instruments. They base their analysis on a portfolio selection problem in which the hedger selects the optimal proportions of unhedged and hedged output to minimize risk. The results suggest that despite the existence of relatively high basis risk (that is, a relatively low correlation between spot and future prices), hedging reduces cotton price volatility by 30 to 70 percent. Moreover, for all varieties of cotton examined, the hedge ratio (the percentage of exports hedged) was below one. Using a hedge ratio of one (naive hedge), at times, increases rather than decreases risk. The results also show that hedging, while reducing risk, also reduces expected returns. Attitudes toward risk that is, the degree of risk aversion - determine how much of this risk-return tradeoff is acceptable. For a risk-averse agent, the main benefit of hedging lies in risk reduction rather than in the potential for increased returns.Insurance&Risk Mitigation,Environmental Economics&Policies,Non Bank Financial Institutions,Financial Intermediation,Insurance Law
Urocaridella arabianensis n. sp., a new Palaemonid shrimp (Crustacea, Decapoda Palaemonidae) from Lakshadweep Islands, India with taxonomic comparison on the genus Urocaridella Borradaile, 1915
No full textAkash, S., Purushothaman, P., Madhavan, Manu, Ravi, Charan, Hisham, T. Jafer, Sudhakar, M., Kumar, T.T. Ajith (2020): Urocaridella arabianensis n. sp., a new Palaemonid shrimp (Crustacea, Decapoda Palaemonidae) from Lakshadweep Islands, India with taxonomic comparison on the genus Urocaridella Borradaile, 1915. Zootaxa 4816 (1): 49-66, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4816.1.
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