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    OCID – Object Clutter Indoor Dataset

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    <h2>OCID – Object Clutter Indoor Dataset</h2><p>Developing robot perception systems for handling objects in the real-world requires computer vision algorithms to be carefully scrutinized with respect to the expected operating domain. This demands large quantities of ground truth data to rigorously evaluate the performance of algorithms.</p><p>The Object Cluttered Indoor Dataset is an RGBD-dataset containing point-wise labeled point-clouds for each object. The data was captured using two ASUS-PRO Xtion cameras that are positioned at different heights. It captures diverse settings of objects, background, context, sensor to scene distance, viewpoint angle and lighting conditions. The main purpose of OCID is to allow systematic comparison of existing object segmentation methods in scenes with increasing amount of clutter. In addition OCID does also provide ground-truth data for other vision tasks like object-classification and recognition.</p><p>OCID comprises 96 fully built up cluttered scenes. Each scene is a sequence of labeled pointclouds which are created by building a increasing cluttered scene incrementally and adding one object after the other. The first item in a sequence contains no objects, the second one object, up to the final count of added objects.</p><h3>Dataset</h3><p>The dataset uses 89 different objects that are chosen representatives from the Autonomous Robot Indoor Dataset(ARID)[1] classes and YCB Object and Model Set (YCB)[2] dataset objects.</p><p>The ARID20 subset contains scenes including up to 20 objects from ARID. The ARID10 and YCB10 subsets include cluttered scenes with up to 10 objects from ARID and the YCB objects respectively. The scenes in each subset are composed of objects from only one set at a time to maintain separation between datasets. Scene variation includes different floor (plastic, wood, carpet) and table textures (wood, orange striped sheet, green patterned sheet). The complete set of data provides 2346 labeled point-clouds.</p><p>OCID subsets are structured so that specific real-world factors can be individually assessed.</p><h4>ARID20-structure</h4><ul><li>location: floor, table</li><li>view: bottom, top</li><li>scene: sequence-id</li><li>free: clearly separated (objects 1-9 in corresponding sequence)</li><li>touching: physically touching (objects 10-16 in corresponding sequence)</li><li>stacked: on top of each other (objects 17-20 in corresponding sequence)</li></ul><h4>ARID10-structure</h4><ul><li>location: floor, table</li><li>view: bottom, top</li><li>box: objects with sharp edges (e.g. cereal-boxes)</li><li>curved: objects with smooth curved surfaces (e.g. ball)</li><li>mixed: objects from both the box and curved</li><li>fruits: fruit and vegetables</li><li>non-fruits: mixed objects without fruits</li><li>scene: sequence-id</li></ul><h4>YCB10-structure</h4><ul><li>location: floor, table</li><li>view: bottom, top</li><li>box: objects with sharp edges (e.g. cereal-boxes)</li><li>curved: objects with smooth curved surfaces (e.g. ball)</li><li>mixed: objects from both the box and curved</li><li>scene: sequence-id</li></ul><h3>Structure:</h3><p>You can find all labeled pointclouds of the ARID20 dataset for the first sequence on a table recorded with the lower mounted camera in this directory:</p><p>./ARID20/table/bottom/seq01/pcd/</p><p>In addition to labeled organized point-cloud files, corresponding depth, RGB and 2d-label-masks are available:</p><ul><li>pcd: 640×480 organized XYZRGBL-pointcloud file with ground truth</li><li>rgb: 640×480 RGB png-image</li><li>depth: 640×480 16-bit png-image with depth in mm</li><li>label: 640×480 16-bit png-image with unique integer-label for each object at each pixel</li></ul><h4>Dataset creation using EasyLabel:</h4><p>OCID was created using EasyLabel – a semi-automatic annotation tool for RGBD-data. EasyLabel processes recorded sequences of organized point-cloud files and exploits incrementally built up scenes, where in each take one additional object is placed. The recorded point-cloud data is then accumulated and the depth difference between two consecutive recordings are used to label new objects. The code is available here.</p><p>OCID data for instance recognition/classification</p><p>For ARID10 and ARID20 there is additional data available usable for object recognition and classification tasks. It contains semantically annotated RGB and depth image crops extracted from the OCID dataset.</p><p>The structure is as follows:</p><ul><li>type: depth, RGB</li><li>class name: eg. banana, kleenex, …</li><li>class instance: eg. banana_1, banana_2, kleenex_1, kleenex_2,…</li></ul><p>The data is provided by Mohammad Reza Loghmani.</p><p> </p><h3>Research paper</h3><p>If you found our dataset useful, please cite the following paper:</p><blockquote><p>@inproceedings{DBLP:conf/icra/SuchiPFV19,</p><p> author    = {Markus Suchi and</p><p>              Timothy Patten and</p><p>              David Fischinger and</p><p>              Markus Vincze},</p><p> title     = {EasyLabel: {A} Semi-Automatic Pixel-wise Object Annotation Tool for</p><p>              Creating Robotic {RGB-D} Datasets},</p><p> booktitle = {International Conference on Robotics and Automation, {ICRA} 2019,</p><p>              Montreal, QC, Canada, May 20-24, 2019},</p><p> pages     = {6678--6684},</p><p> year      = {2019},</p><p> crossref  = {DBLP:conf/icra/2019},</p><p> url       = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ICRA.2019.8793917},</p><p> doi       = {10.1109/ICRA.2019.8793917},</p><p> timestamp = {Tue, 13 Aug 2019 20:25:20 +0200},</p><p> biburl    = {https://dblp.org/rec/bib/conf/icra/SuchiPFV19},</p><p> bibsource = {dblp computer science bibliography, https://dblp.org}</p><p>}</p></blockquote><p> </p><blockquote><p>@proceedings{DBLP:conf/icra/2019,</p><p> title     = {International Conference on Robotics and Automation, {ICRA} 2019,</p><p>              Montreal, QC, Canada, May 20-24, 2019},</p><p> publisher = {{IEEE}},</p><p> year      = {2019},</p><p> url       = {http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/mostRecentIssue.jsp?punumber=8780387},</p><p> isbn      = {978-1-5386-6027-0},</p><p> timestamp = {Tue, 13 Aug 2019 20:23:21 +0200},</p><p> biburl    = {https://dblp.org/rec/bib/conf/icra/2019},</p><p> bibsource = {dblp computer science bibliography, https://dblp.org}</p><p>}</p></blockquote><p> </p><h3>Contact & credits</h3><p>For any questions or issues with the OCID-dataset, feel free to contact the author:</p><ul><li>Markus Suchi – email: [email protected]</li><li>Tim Patten – email: [email protected]</li></ul><p>For specific questions about the OCID-semantic crops data please contact:</p><ul><li>Mohammad Reza Loghmani – email: [email protected]</li></ul><h3>References</h3><p>[1] Loghmani, Mohammad Reza et al. "Recognizing Objects in-the-Wild: Where do we Stand?" 2018 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA) (2018): 2170-2177.</p><p>[2] Berk Calli, Arjun Singh, James Bruce, Aaron Walsman, Kurt Konolige, Siddhartha Srinivasa, Pieter Abbeel, Aaron M Dollar, Yale-CMU-Berkeley dataset for robotic manipulation research, The International Journal of Robotics Research, vol. 36, Issue 3, pp. 261 – 268, April 2017.</p&gt

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    Variations on the Author

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    “Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship

    Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis

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    We provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis

    Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts

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    We conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more sophisticated methods

    Author Index

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    Nao informado

    koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist

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    We have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used

    Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902

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    In Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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