20 research outputs found
Pathological investigations in Penaeid prawns
No full textPathological investigations in Penaeid prawn
CONGENITAL MALFORMATIONS OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM AMONG NEWBORNS DELIVERED AT TERTIARY HEALTH CARE HOSPITAL IN INDIA: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
No full textBackground: Malformations of the central nervous system (CNS) are a significant contributor to childhood morbidity and death. Congenital CNS abnormalities may result in long-term disability that affects not only the child's development and well-being but also families, the medical system, and society as a whole. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the incidence, type, and associated risk factors of CNS malformations in newborns who were delivered to the Obstetrics and Gynecology department of Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Medical College (NSCB Medical College). Methods: An observational hospital-based study was carried out in the departments of pediatrics and obstetrics and gynecology at the NSCB Medical College and Hospital in Jabalpur. Data was entered into MS Excel, and IBM-SPSS 23.0 was used to perform descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. During a one-year study period, 40 cases of CNS malformation out of 7117 deliveries were found to have occurred either before or after birth. Results: During the study period, 40 cases of CNS malformation out of 7117 deliveries were identified either prenatally or at birth, making an incidence of 0.5%. Of all CNS anomalies, hydrocephalus accounted for 52.5 percent, whereas neural tube defects accounted for 27.5 percent. The other two main CNS abnormalities identified in utero were ventriculomegaly and midline defects. Conclusion: This study identified CNS malformations in newborns, with hydrocephalus and neural tube defects as the most common types. Key risk factors included younger maternal age, rural residence, inadequate antenatal care, adverse obstetric history, chronic illness, polyhydramnios, and maternal addiction
Active oxygen species metabolism in neem (Azadirachta indica) seeds exposed to natural ageing and controlled deterioration
No full textChallenging the existent dogma - synthetic mesh placement in enterostomy closure
No full textBackground & Aims: Enterostomy reversal and fascial defect cause weakness in the abdominal wall and may lead to formation of incisional hernia. Literature says that placement of synthetic mesh in dirty/contaminated wound causes high chances of surgical site infection (SSI) and mesh related complications. This dogma is now challenged. Present study was conducted to evaluate outcome of the placement of synthetic non-absorbable mesh after enterostomy closure in terms of SSI and incisional hernia.
Materials & Methods: This prospective case-control study was conducted in the department of General surgery Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose (NSCB) medical college, Jabalpur, between 1st December 2018 to 30th September 2020. All patients of age >18 years with ileostomy/colostomy undergoing enterostomy reversal were included. Outcomes noted for wound infection/dehiscence, mesh related complications, its removal, and development of incisional hernia.
Results: Total 60 patients were included in this study. Out of which, 30 (23 loop ileostomy, 5 double barrel ileostomy, and 2 colostomy) were taken as the case; where polypropylene mesh was placed (9 sublay and 21 onlay). 30 others (28 loop ileostomy, 1 double barrel ileostomy, and 1 colostomy) were taken as control where mesh was not placed after stoma closure. SSI was significantly lower in mesh placed group than non-mesh placed group (16.6% vs. 40%; P=0.019). Use of mesh was associated with slightly better outcomes but not significant in terms of rate of wound dehiscence (3.3% vs. 6.7%; Z=0.59; P=0.554) and incisional hernia (0 vs 6.7%; p= 0.492) in mesh and non-mesh groups, respectively. Mesh removal for chronic infection was not required in any case.
Conclusion: Placement of permanent synthetic polypropylene mesh at the site of enter ostomy closure for prevention of incisional hernia can be done safely without fear of having increased risk of SSI and need of mesh removal
Recent advancements in microbial diversity /
No full textIncludes bibliographical references and index.Biodiversity of microbial life: Indian Himalayan region / Khushboo Dasauni and Tapan Kumar Nailwal -- Microbial endophytes of plants: diversity, benefits, and their interaction with host / Anwesha Gohain, Chowlani Manpoong, Boppa Linggi, Ratul Saikia, Surajit De Mandal -- A spotlight on the recent advances in bacterial plant diseases and their footprint on crop production / Tushar Joshi, Priyanka Sharma, Tanuja Joshi, Satish Chandra Pandey, Veni Pande, Anupam Pandey, Diksha Joshi, Priyanka Maiti, Mahesha Nand, Subhash Chandra -- Bacterial diseases of banana; detection, characterization, and control management / Thangjam Premabati and Surajit De Mandal -- Toward an enhanced understanding of plant growth promoting microbes for sustainable agriculture / Diksha Sati, Satish Chandra Pandey, Veni Pandea. Shobha Upretia, Vinita Gouria, Tushar Joshi, Saurabh Gangola, Prasenjit Debbarma, Anupam Pandey, Mukesh Samanta -- Multifaceted beneficial effects of plant growth promoting bacteria and rhizobium on legume production in hill agriculture / Anupam Pandy, Priyanka H. Tripathi, Satish Chandra Pandey, Tushar Joshi -- Role of rhizospheric microbial diversity in plant growth promotion in maintaining the sustainable agrosystem at high altitude regions / Jyoti Rawat, Nirmal Yadav and Veena Pande -- Microbes adapted to cold and their use as biofertilizers for mountainous regions / Geeta Bhandari -- Actinobacteria: diversity and biotechnological applications / Anwesha Gohain, Chowlani Manpoong, Ratul Saikia, Surajit De Mandal -- Quorum sensing: the microbial linguistic / Vikas Kumar and Jyoti Rawat -- Exploration of microbial communities of Indian hot springs and their potential biotechnological appliations / Sneha Bhandari and Tapan Kumar Nailwal -- Microbial diversity and functional potential in wetland ecosystems / Surajit De Mandal, Folguni Laskar, Amrita Kumari Panda, Rojita Mishra -- Effect of climate change on microbial diversity and its functional attributes / Pankaj Kumar Jain, Sumi Das Purkayastha, Surajit De Mandal, Ajit Kumar Passari, Rasiravathanahalli Kaveriyappan Govindarajan -- Spatial variation of the microbial diversity in the mangrove dominated Sundarban Forest of India / Tapti Sengupta and Abhijit Mitra -- Microbe assisted plant stress management / Purva Dubey, Vinay Kumar, Karthika Ponnusamy, Rajendra Sonwani, Anup Kumar Singh, Deep Chandra Suyal, Ravindra Soni -- Insect gut microbiome and its applications / Sathya Narayanan Govindarajulu, Krishnapriya M. Varier, Dheepthi Jayamurali, Wuling Liu, Juan Chen, Nivedita Manoharan, Yanmei Li, Babu Gajendran -- Diversity and the antimicrobial activity of vaginal lactobacilli: current status and future prospective / Sumi Das Purkayastha, Mrinal K. Bhattacharya, Himanshu K. Prasad, Surajit De Mandal -- Gut microbiota and brain development: a review / Krishnapriya M. Varier, Arpita Karandikar, Wuling Liu, Juan Chen, Yaacov Ben-David, Xiangchun Shen, Arulvasu Chinnasamy, Babu Gajendran -- Role of microbial communities in traditionally fermented foods and beverages in North East India / Indu Sharma and Sagolsem Yaiphathoi -- Metagenomics: applications of functional and structural approaches and meta-omics / Lokesh Kumar Tripathi and Tapan Kumar Nailwal -- Metagenomics: a vital source of information for modeling interaction networks in bacterial communities / Jithin S. Sunny and Lilly M. Saleena -- Metagenomics based approach to reveal the secrets of unculturable microbial diversity from aquatic environment / Pooja Arya and Ravindra -- Metagenomic-based approach to a comprehensive understanding of cave microbial diversity / Apirak Wiseschart and Kusol Pootanakit.Elsevie
Gall Bladder Carcinoma with Concurrent Metastases to Bone (Sclerotic) and Urinary Bladder
No full textAn integrated cloud system based serverless android app for generalised tractor drawbar pull prediction model using machine learning
No full textKnowing tractor drawbar pull is crucial to ensure the tractor can handle the required workload efficiently and safely, preventing soil damage and optimising field productivity. The present study proposes a novel approach for tractor drawbar pull prediction by utilising the tractor's geometric parameters and forward speed to develop a cloud-infused, server-less, machine learning-based real-time generalised tractor drawbar pull prediction model for any tractor between the 6-58 kW power range. The drawbar pull prediction models from ANN and six ML algorithms were developed, and the data analysis with hyperparameter tuning concluded that the Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB) ML model outperformed the other ML models. A reasonable accuracy with R2 = 0.93 and MAPE = 6.77% was achieved using the XGB ML model for a separate validation dataset, which was not used for training. Furthermore, a cloud-based serverless Android App integrated with the XGB ML-based drawbar pull prediction model was developed for real-time tractor drawbar pull prediction and monitoring during tillage operations. The field validation demonstrated the XGB ML model's generalisation ability and effectiveness, with R2 = 0.90 and maximum MAPE of 9.86%. It can be used to simulate and optimize tractor performance, guiding manufacturers in selecting geometric parameters for tractor design
Thoracoscopic oesophagectomy for end-stage achalasia
No full textAchalasia cardia is an oesophageal motility disorder characterised by aperistalsis and failure of relaxation of the lower oesophageal sphincter. The management is predominantly palliative with focus on addressing the sphincter that involves either pneumatic dilatation or Heller myotomy which relieves dysphagia in the majority of the cases. End-stage achalasia (ESA) is characterised by failed myotomy, massively dilated and tortuous oesophagus with nutritional deterioration due to progressive dysphagia and vomiting. In these subgroups of patients, oesophagectomy may be the last resort. While oesophagectomy has been described for ESA before, thoracoscopic oesophagectomy has not been reported previously. Hereby, we report our experience of performing minimally invasive oesophagectomy (thoracoscopic) with the gastric pull-up
Robotic-assisted resection of proximal jejunal ischemic stricture and intracorporeal robot-sewn anastomosis
No full textWith the advent of robotic surgery as an effective means of minimally invasive surgery in the last decade, more and more surgeries are being performed robotically in today’s world. Robotic surgery has several advantages over conventional laparoscopic surgery, such as three-dimensional vision with depth perception, magnified view, tremor filtration, and, more importantly, degrees of freedom of the articulating instruments. While the literature is abundant on robotic cholecystectomy and highly complex hepatobiliary surgeries, there is hardly any literature on robotic small bowel resection with intracorporeal anastomosis. We present a case of a 50-year-old male patient with a symptomatic proximal jejunal ischemic stricture who underwent robotic-assisted resection and robot-sewn intracorporeal anastomosis in two layers. He did well in the postoperative period and was discharged on postoperative day 4 with uneventful recovery. We hereby discuss the advantages and disadvantages of robotic surgery in such a scenario with a review of the literature
Leptobatopsis nigricapitis Chandra & Gupta 1977
No full text<i>Leptobatopsis nigricapitis</i> Chandra & Gupta, 1977 <p>(Figs 1 D, G, 2 G, N, 8 A–C, 10 L, M, 11 G, 13 B, D, F)</p> <p> <i>Leptobatopsis nigricapitis</i> Chandra & Gupta, 1977: 157.</p> <p> <i>Leptobatopsis badia</i>: Momoi, 1970: 373 (in part: paratype).</p> <p> <i>Leptobatopsis badia</i>: Konishi & Maeto, 2000: 313.</p> <p> <b>Materials examined.</b> <b>JAPAN</b>: [Hokkaido] 1 M, Nishino, Kotoni, 25 Jul. 1957, S. Matsumoto & T. Kurosawa leg. (NARO) [Honshu] 1 F, Aomori Pref., Aomori City, Moya - Yamabuki, 15 Aug. 1992, T. Ichita leg. (NARO); 1 F, ditto, 15–29 Aug. 1992, T. Ichita leg., yellow adhesive trap (NARO); 1 M, Niigata Pref., Niigata, 26. VII. 1959, K. Baba leg. (MNHAH); 1 F, Tochigi Pref., Ohtawara City, Ohtawarajinjya, 28 Jul. 2001, E. Katayama leg. (KPMNH); 1 F, Tochigi Pref., Nasushiobara City, Osonozawa, 5–14 Aug. 2013, T. Matsumura leg., MT (KPMNH); 1 F, Chiba Pref., Ichikawa City, Kashiwai, 15 Jul. 2003, H. Suda leg. (KPMNH); 1 F, Chiba Pref., Ichikawa City, Kitakokubun, 31 Jul. 2003, H. Suda leg. (KPMNH); 1 M, Saitama Pref., Kodama, Higashi-kodaira, Ishigamijinjya, 9 Aug. 1991, T. Nambu leg. (NARO); 1 F, Saitama Pref., Kamiizumi Vil., Kamiaguhara, 12 Aug. 1993, T. Nambu leg. (NARO); 2 M, Saitama Pref., Ogawa, Mt. Sengenyama, 10 Aug. 1994, T. Nambu leg. (NARO); 1 F, Saitama Pref., Koonan Town, Oshikiri, 18 Sep. 1994, T. Nambu leg. (NARO); 2 F, Saitama Pref., Yorii Town, Mure, 16 Aug. 2001, T. Nambu leg. (KPMNH); 3 F, Tokyo, Asakawa, 19 Aug. 1987, K. Konishi leg. (NARO); 1 F, Tokyo, Hachioji City, Mt. Takao-san, 23 Aug. 1970, T. Kocha leg. (NARO); 2 F & 5 M, Tokyo, Akiruno City, Ninomiya, Riverside of Tamagawa, 1 Sep. 2009, K. Watanabe leg. (KPMNH); 1 F, Kanagawa Pref., Kawasaki City, Ikutaryokuchi, 10 Aug. 2001, I. Waki leg. (KPMNH); 1 F, Shizuoka Pref., Higashiizu Town, Inatori, 11 Jul. 2009, T. Muraki leg. (KPMNH); 1 M, Aichi Pref., Nagoya, Higashiyama Park, 11–20 Jul. 2001, M. Watanabe leg., MT (MU); 1 F, ditto, 21–31 Jul. 2001 (MU); 1 M, Mie Pref., Isejingu, 20 Jul. 2003, A. Kakizoe leg., MT (KPMNH); 1 F & 1 M, Nara Pref., Soni Vil., Okame-ike, 19 Aug. 2006, K. Harusawa leg. (OMNH); 1 F & 1 M, Nara Pref., Nara City, Nakamachi, KindaiUniv., 23 Jul. 2011, M. Ito leg. (KPMNH); 1 F, Nara Pref., Asuka Vil., Kayanomori, 4 Aug. 2005, R. Matsumoto leg. (OMNH); 1 F, Okayama Pref., Kurashiki City, Mukouyama, 2 Nov. 2002, H. Suenaga leg. (OMNH). [Izu Isls.] 2 M, Tokyo, Miyakejima Is., Miyake Vil., Tsubota-rindo, 25 Aug.–22 Sep. 2012, K. Tsujii leg., MT (KPMNH). [Shikoku] 1 M, Tokushima Pref., Zennyujitoh, 6–18 Jun. 2003, K. Ohara leg. (MU). [Kyushu] 1 M (paratype of <i>L. badia</i>), Miyazaki Pref., Murasyo, 18 Jul. 1954, K. Nohara leg. (MNHAH); 2 F, Kagoshima Pref., Takakuma-yama, 27 Aug. 1970, K. Kusigemati leg. (SEHU); 1 F, Kagoshima Pref., Sata-misaki, 29 Sep. 1978, K. Kusigemati leg. (SEHU). [Ryukyu Isls.] 1 F, Kagoshima Pref., Yakushima Is., Ambo, 18 Oct. 1971, K. Kusigemati leg. (SEHU); 1 F, Kagoshima Pref., Yakushima Is., Miyanoura, 19 Jul. 1972, K. Kusigemati leg. (SEHU); 4 M, ditto, 20 Jun. 1980, K. Kusigemati leg. (SEHU); 7 F & 26 M, ditto, 21 Jun.–11 Jul. 1999, T. Murata leg., MT (MU); 7 F, ditto, 12 Jul.–5 Aug. 1999 (MU); 2 F & 1 M, ditto, 28 Aug.–19 Sep. 1999 (MU); 1 M, Kagoshima Pref., Yakushima Is., Nagata, 9 Jun. 1973, K. Kusigemati leg. (SEHU); 1 F & 1 M, ditto, 28 Jun. 2012, M. Ito leg. (KPMNH); 1 M, Kagoshima Pref., Yakushima Is., Shiratani, 10 Jul.–8 Aug. 2000, T. Murata leg., MT (MU); 3 F & 5 M, Kagoshima Pref., Yakushima Is., Aikodake, 25 Aug.–22 Sep. 2006, T. Yamauchi <i>et al.</i> leg., MT (KPMNH); 9 M, ditto, 28 Jun.–29 Jul. 2007 (KPMNH); 1 F, Kagoshima Pref., Yakushima Is., Kankake, 19–22 Jul. 2006, T. Yamauchi <i>et al.</i> leg., MT (KPMNH); 2 F, ditto, 25 Aug.–23 Sep. 2006 (KPMNH); 10 M, ditto, 28 Jun.–30 Jul. 2007 (KPMNH); 3 F, Kagoshima Pref., Yakushima Is., Hanyama, 26 Sep.–24 Oct. 2006, T. Yamauchi <i>et al.</i> leg., MT (KPMNH). <b>RUSSIA</b>: 1 F (det. by Kasparyan as <i>L. nigra immaculata</i>), Przmorye, 30 Aug. 1986, Kotenko leg. (ZISP). <b>CHINA</b>: 1 M (det. Sheng as <i>L. nigricapitis</i>), Anfu County, Jiangxi Province, 230–260 m, 5 May 2010, standardized interception trap (GSFPM); 1 F (det. Sheng as <i>L. nigra immaculata</i>), same locality and collecting method, 31 Aug. 2010 (GSFPM).</p> <p> <b>Description</b>. Female (n = 57). Body length 7.8–10.2 mm, polished and covered with punctures and short silver setae.</p> <p>Head 0.65–0.7 × as long as wide. Clypeus 1.7–1.8 × as broad as high, smooth except for dorsal part sparsely punctate, slightly convex in lateral view. Face 1.4–1.5 × as broad as high, punctate, slightly convex medially in lateral view. Length of malar space 0.9–1.0 × as long as basal mandibular width. POL 0.9–1.05 × as long as OD. OOL 0.75–0.85 × as long as OD. Antenna with 41–44 flagellomeres. FL I 7.0–8.15 × as long as maximum depth in lateral view and 2.1–2.45 × as long as FL II.</p> <p>Mesosoma densely punctate. Pronotum without a large smooth area on median part of lateral aspect. Epomia absent (Fig. 1 D). Smooth area of mesoscutum not extended to anterior to the line between each tegula except for the postero-median part (Fig. 1 G). Scutellum largely smooth. Speculum with a large smooth area. Dorsal surface of propodeum punctate to rugose punctate. Fore wing length 5.5–6.7 mm. Areolet received vein 2m-cu slightly based of the outer angle or at near center (Fig. 13 F). Nervellus subvertical, intercepted slightly posterior to the middle (Fig. 13 F). Terminal tooth of fore and mid tarsal claws larger than other teeth (Fig. 2 G). Hind femur 5.0–5.35 × as long as maximum depth in lateral view. Ratio of length of hind first to fifth tarsomeres 4.25–4.5: 2.0: 1.4: 0.6: 0.9–0.95. Hind second tarsomere 6.65–6.7 × as long as maximum depth in lateral view. All trochantelli without an apical tooth on the outer side. Hind tarsal claws each with an accessary tooth (Fig. 2 N).</p> <p>Metasoma. T I 4.3–4.6 × as long as maximum width, smooth with a few fine punctures. T II 1.8–2.05 × as long as maximum width, coriaceous with rather weak transverse striae (Fig. 13 D). T III to T V coriaceous with fine and sparse punctures. Ovipositor sheath 1.55–1.65 × as long as hind tibia.</p> <p>Coloration (Figs 8 A, B, 10 L, 11 G, 13 D, F). Body (excluding wings and legs) black. Clypeus except for dorsal part, mandible except for teeth, palpi and ventral surfaces of scape and pedicel and basal segments of flagellum yellowish brown to whitish yellow. Each posterior margin of T I to T III, T VII and subgenital plate narrowly tinged with reddish brown. Ovipositor reddish brown. Wings hyaline except for apical clouded area of fore wing. Veins and pterostigma blackish brown except for yellowish-brown wing base. Fore and mid legs except for coxae yellowish brown to dark yellowish brown. Fore and mid coxae yellow to yellowish brown. Hind leg blackish brown and partly tinged with dark reddish brown except for bases of TS II and TS III more or less tinged with whitish yellow.</p> <p>Male (n = 78). Similar to female except for coloration (Figs 8 C, 10 M, 13 B). Clypeus 1.5–1.6 × as broad as high. Length of malar space 0.9–1.05 × as long as basal mandibular width. POL 0.75–0.9 × as long as OD. OOL 0.5–0.6 × as long as OD. Antenna with 40–44 flagellomeres. Fore wing length 5.8–7.1 mm. Hind femur 5.2–6.0 × as long as maximum depth in lateral view. T I 5.8–6.25 × as long as maximum width. T II 2.9–3.2 × as long as maximum width. Head yellow except for median part of frons, vertex, occiput, dorsal part of gena, and mandibular teeth black. Antenna more or less darkened except ventral surfaces of scape, pedicel and basal segments of flagellum. Mesosoma yellow to reddish yellow. Mesoscutum black except for a subanterior transverse yellow band. Propodeum with a posterior black spot dorsally. Axillae and narrow transverse area of base of propodeum black. Apex of T I, apical part of T II, T IV to T VII yellowish brown to reddish brown. Base of T V usually tinged with yellowish brown to reddish brown. Wings hyaline, without apical clouded area. Fore and mid legs yellow to yellowish brown. Mid tarsus more or less darkened. Hind leg yellowish brown to reddish brown. Dorso-apical area of hind coxa, hind trochantellus, apical part of hind femur, base and apical part of hind tibia, TS I and TS V blackish brown to black. Hind tibia except for blackish area and hind TS II to IV (and also usually apex of TS I) whitish yellow.</p> <p> <b>Distribution</b>. Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Miyakejima Is., Shikoku, Kyushu, Yakushima Is.). Outside Japan, this species has been recorded from China, Far East Russia, Korea, Philippines and India (Yu <i>et al.</i> 2016).</p> <p> <b>Bionomics</b>. Host unknown. Adults were collected in June, July, August, September, October and November. The author collected this species in Akiruno City, Tokyo, in a bamboo thicket along a riverbed.</p> <p> <b>Remarks</b>. A record of male from Mt. Inao, Kagoshima Pref. (Fukuda & Kusigemati 1986), may be this species. Choi <i>et al.</i> (2015) recorded this species from Japan without data. In this study, this is the first record of this species from Japan with specimen data. As mentioned above, the taxonomic position of this species in East Asia should be re-examined with the data from the female in India.</p> <p> This species is apparently very similar to <i>L. annularis</i>, while two species can be clearly distinguished by the coloration of antenna and T I, the length of ovipositor sheath, the length of face in male, and the length of malar space in males.</p>Published as part of <i>Watanabe, Kyohei & Ito, Masato, 2023, Revision of the genus Leptobatopsis Ashmead, 1900 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Banchinae) from Japan, with some taxonomic notes of Asian species, pp. 401-426 in Zootaxa 5339 (5)</i> on pages 416-419, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5339.5.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/8309300">http://zenodo.org/record/8309300</a>
