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Replication Data for: Improving abiotic stress tolerance in alfalfa through the down-regulation and genome editing-mediated knockout of multiple genes
No full textThis study sought to provide insight into the mechanisms behind resilience to waterlogging and drought stresses in alfalfa through the assessment of genotypes in which two transcription factors, WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX 13-2 (MsWOX13-2) and TELOMERASE ACTIVATOR 1/REGULATOR OF SYMBIOSOME DIFFERENTIATION (MsTAC1/RSD), had been down-regulated, respectively.
In the case of alfalfa MsWOX13-2, the RNAi-mediated down-regulation of MsWOX13-2 in alfalfa had no effects on growth or morphological characteristics under control (well-watered) conditions. However, under waterlogged conditions, MsWOX13-2 RNAi plants exhibited enhanced performance, as evidenced by a reduced impact of stress on morphology and greater survivability compared to empty vector genotypes. In addition, MsWOX13-2 RNAi genotypes exhibited an apparent reduction in leaf chlorosis under waterlogging, which correlated with higher chlorophyll retention and maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm), compared to empty vector genotypes. RNA-Seq analysis confirmed the presence of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to photosynthesis, antioxidant activities, anaerobic respiration, cell wall modulation, phytohormone-related pathways, and transcription factors. On the other hand, MsTAC1/RSD RNAi genotypes exhibited improvements in their resilience to water-deficit compared to empty vector control genotypes as evidenced by higher plant height and dry root biomass following drought recovery. This tolerance to drought could be attributed, at least in part, to a reduction in stomatal density, and a consequent decrease in leaf water loss, along with improved baseline total antioxidant capacity and higher superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity under drought stress. The transcript profiling via RNA-Seq demonstrated changes in the expression of genes related to photosynthesis, antioxidant activities, cell wall modulation, phytohormones, and transcription factors, which could have contributed to the observed improvements in MsTAC1/RSD RNAi genotypes under drought stress. Taken together, these results indicate that MsWOX13-2 and MsTAC1/RSD function as negative regulators of waterlogging and drought stress response in alfalfa, respectively.
The files listed here contains the differentially expressed genes obtained via RNA-Sequencing conducted on alfalfa genotypes under waterlogging and drought stress conditions. The description of files is as follows:
Supplemental File 1: List of DEGs between N4.4.2 wild-type and MsWOX13-2 RNAi genotypes grown under normally-watered and waterlogged conditions, and between normally-watered and waterlogged conditions in MsWOX13-2 RNAi and wild-type genotypes.
Supplemental File 2: Information regarding DEGs between N4.4.2 wild-type and MsWOX13-2 RNAi genotypes under waterlogging stress falling into a selection of MapMan categories with putative functions in abiotic stress response.
Supplemental File : List of DEGs between N4.4.2 wild-type and MsTAC1/RSD RNAi genotypes grown under well-watered and drought conditions, and between well-watered and drought conditions in MsTAC1/RSD RNAi and wild-type genotypes.
Supplemental File 4: Information regarding DEGs between N4.4.2 wild-type and MsTAC1/RSD RNAi genotypes under well-watered, and drought stress conditions falling into a selection of MapMan categories with putative functions in abiotic stress response
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Improving water-related stress tolerance in alfalfa through the down-regulation and genome editing-mediated knockout of stress-responsive genes
Get PDFTwo different water extremes, drought and waterlogging, exert profound detrimental impacts on
productivity and yields of alfalfa. With climate change intensifying globally, these abiotic
stressors are projected to escalate in prevalence, exacerbating agricultural challenges. To
minimize existing losses, there is a critical need for the development of new alfalfa cultivars that
can better withstand these types of stresses; however, progress has been hindered by the
complexity of stress tolerance mechanisms, as well as significant gaps in our understanding of
these processes. As such, I sought to provide further insight into the mechanisms behind
resilience to waterlogging and drought stresses in alfalfa through the assessment of genotypes in
which two transcription factors, WUSCHEL-related homeobox 13-2 (MsWOX13-2) and
telomerase activator 1/regulator of symbiosome differentiation (MsTAC1/RSD), had been downregulated, respectively. Both of these genes had been implicated in abiotic stress responses
previously; however, their roles in alfalfa had yet to be elucidated.
In the case of alfalfa MsWOX13-2, which I found to be expressed preferentially in roots
and differentially under waterlogging stress, the RNAi-mediated down-regulation of MsWOX13-
2 in alfalfa had no effects on growth or morphological characteristics under control (well-watered) conditions. However, under waterlogged conditions, MsWOX13-2 RNAi plants
exhibited enhanced performance, as evidenced by a reduced impact of stress on morphology and
greater survivability compared to empty vector genotypes. In addition, MsWOX13-2 RNAi
genotypes exhibited an apparent reduction in leaf chlorosis under waterlogging, which correlated
with higher chlorophyll retention and maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm),
compared to empty vector genotypes. This reduction in stress symptoms was associated with
reduced malondialdehyde (MDA), which is a marker for oxidative stress, and higher superoxideiii
dismutase (SOD) activity in MsWOX13-2 RNAi leaves. RNA-Seq analysis confirmed the
presence of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to photosynthesis, antioxidant
activities, anaerobic respiration, cell wall modulation, phytohormone-related pathways, and
transcription factors. Subsequently, CRISPR/Cas9 was used to edit the MsWOX13-2 gene in
alfalfa with up to two alleles mutated in the first generation, resulting in bi-allelic mutations that
conferred waterlogging tolerance and enhanced branching.
Alfalfa MsTAC1/RSD, on the other hand, which shares orthology with Arabidopsis TAC1
and Medicago truncatula RSD, was highly expressed in nodules in a manner similar to MtRSD
and was up-regulated as drought stress progressed. Under well-watered conditions,
MsTAC1/RSD RNAi genotypes had equivalent biomass production with smaller stem diameter
and delayed flowering, as well as increased lateral root branching. Under drought conditions,
these genotypes exhibited improvements in their resilience to water-deficit compared to empty
vector control genotypes as evidenced by higher plant height and dry root biomass following
drought recovery. This tolerance to drought could be attributed, at least in part, to a reduction in
stomatal density, and a consequent decrease in leaf water loss, along with improved baseline
total antioxidant capacity and higher superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity
under drought stress. In line with this, transcript profiling via RNA-Seq demonstrated changes in
the expression of genes related to photosynthesis, antioxidant activities, cell wall modulation,
phytohormones, and transcription factors, which could have contributed to the observed
improvements in MsTAC1/RSD RNAi genotypes under drought stress. Additionally,
MsTAC1/RSD RNAi genotypes exhibited shorter telomeres, as evidenced by lower relative
telomere length, and showed impaired nodulation, with fewer pink nodules compared to wildiv
type genotypes. Enhanced drought resilience and impaired nodulation were further confirmed
through CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knock-out of the MsTAC1/RSD gene in alfalfa.
Taken together, these results indicate that MsWOX13-2 and MsTAC1/RSD function as
negative regulators of waterlogging and drought stress response in alfalfa, respectively.
However, MsTAC1/RSD seems to be positively associated with telomere maintenance and
nodulation, suggesting its multiple roles in plant development and stress response in alfalfa.
While MsTAC1/RSD CRISPR genotypes will not provide a beneficial source of germplasm due
to the fact that these genotypes do not produce nitrogen-fixing nodules, transgene-free genomeedited MsWOX13-2 CRISPR genotypes could be ideal candidates for improving alfalfa
productivity under adverse environmental conditions in the future
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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