1,720,963 research outputs found
A Study of “Ko Wen-Je Phenomenon”- Spatial Analysis of Taipei City Mayoral Election in 2014
No full text 2014年臺北市長選舉無黨籍候選人柯文哲擊敗眾多競爭對手，橫掃全臺北市贏得選戰，外界稱為「柯文哲現象」。本研究之目的在於探討2014年臺北市長選舉中柯文哲的選舉表現，假設柯文哲乃奠基於民進黨支持者的基礎上擴展票源，以柯文哲得票率減去2010年民進黨候選人蘇貞昌得票率所得之「得票率變化」來解釋所謂的柯文哲現象。 本研究利用空間分析方法，以臺北市456個里為分析單位，從人口結構、經社背景以及柯文哲在選前所提出的相關競選政見、空間因素等面向，分析這些因素對得票率變化的影響程度，並透過傳統與空間迴歸模型的幫助，希望能更加完整的解釋本次選舉結果。 研究發現民進黨得票率對得票率變化的影響程度甚深，因此將民進黨得票率設為控制變數，以期準確地觀察各項變數與得票率變化之關係。透過迴歸分析，更得知人口結構和經社背景、相關競選政見變數對得票率變化皆有影響。此外，亦發現鄰近效應也影響著選舉結果的呈現。 As an independent candidate of Taipei City mayoral election in 2014, Ko Wen-Je defeated several rivals to win the election. The abnormal phenomenon called “Ko Wen-Je phenomenon” was worth noticing. The purpose of this study was to analyze the percentage of votes Ko Wen-Je obtained. This study assumed that the votes Ko won were from Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) traditional stronghold and he newly obtained. This study used spatial analysis and set 456 villages in Taipei City as analysis units, analyzing different aspects like population structure, socio-economic background, the relevant platform and spatial factors. Besides, through the traditional and spatial regression models, the election can be described more completely. The study found that Ko’s percentage of votes was deeply influenced by the DPP’s. Thus, it was essential to set it as a control variable. Furthermore, by using spatial regression analysis, this study proved that population structure, socio-economic background, and relevant platform all affected the percentage of votes. Moreover, the neighborhood effect also had an influence on the election result
Trajectories of Gross Motor Function in Very-Low-Birth-Weight Preterm Infants during the First Year of Life
No full text背景與目的：極低出生體重早產兒(出生體重<1,500公克)為動作發展遲緩的高危險族群極需早期評估與介入。過去探討早產兒早期動作發展之文獻多為單一時間點的評估並顯示群體平均的表現，少有探討可能出現次群體之動作發展變化及影響動作發展軌跡的因子。因此，本研究之目的為探究極低出生體重早產兒一歲以前之粗動作發展軌跡、其影響因子以及與日後發展之關聯。方法：本研究包括342位極低出生體重早產兒，收集其周產期與社會環境資料，並於矯正年齡4、6、9及12個月時實施阿爾伯塔嬰幼兒動作量表評估以了解其粗動作發展，及矯正年齡兩歲時實施貝萊氏嬰兒發展量表第二版之評估以了解其神經發展預後。結果：極低出生體重早產兒呈現三種粗動作發展軌跡：持續正常(55%)、逐漸變差(32%)及持續遲緩(13%)。逐漸變差軌跡與低出生體重(勝算比[95%信賴區間] = 1.1 [1.0-1.1])、男孩(勝算比[95%信賴區間] = 2.4 [1.4-3.8])、中重度慢性肺疾病(勝算比[95%信賴區間] = 2.9 [1.7-5.0])明顯相關；持續遲緩軌跡與低出生體重(勝算比[95%信賴區間] = 1.1 [1.0-1.1])、中重度慢性肺疾病(勝算比[95%信賴區間] = 5.1 [2.3-11.4])、第三四度視網膜病變(勝算比[95%信賴區間] = 7.2 [2.6-19.9])及嚴重腦傷(勝算比[95%信賴區間] = 51.5 [6.3-423.4])明顯相關(以上p < 0.05)。此外，逐漸變差軌跡可預測矯正年齡兩歲之動作遲緩(邊緣遲緩勝算比[95%信賴區間] = 3.2 [1.8-5.7]與顯著遲緩勝算比[95%信賴區間] = 20.6 [4.6-92.0])以及認知遲緩(邊緣遲緩勝算比[95%信賴區間] = 2.4 [1.4-4.3]與顯著遲緩勝算比[95%信賴區間] = 6.6 [2.1-20.8)])，而持續遲緩軌跡則可預測矯正年齡兩歲之動作遲緩(邊緣遲緩勝算比[95%信賴區間] = 8.0 [3.3-19.4]與顯著遲緩勝算比[95%信賴區間] = 83.4 [16.1-432.7])以及認知遲緩(邊緣遲緩勝算比[95%信賴區間] = 7.6 [3.0-18.9]與顯著遲緩勝算比[95%信賴區間] = 28.5 [7.8-103.5]) (以上p < 0.05)。結論：極低出生體重早產兒於一歲前之動作發展呈現多樣的軌跡，主要與周產期因子相關，並可預測矯正年齡兩歲之認知與動作發展預後。以上資料可提供早期偵測早產兒動作發展遲緩及接受早期介入之參考。Background and Purposes: Preterm infants with very low birth weight (VLBW, birth weight < 1,500g) are at risk of motor disorders that require early assessment and intervention. Previous studies on early motor development in preterm infants were mostly based on single time point and have relied on estimation of mean performance that the variation within group over age and the influencing factors were rarely explored. Therefore, the purposes of this study were to examine the developmental trajectories of gross motor function in VLBW preterm infants during the first year of life, to investigate the influencing factors for the motor trajectories, and to investigate the prediction of later neurodevelopmental outcome by early motor trajectories. Methods: A total of 342 VLBW preterm infants were prospectively assessed for their motor function by the Alberta Infant Motor Scales (AIMS) at 4, 6, 9 and 12 months of corrected age, and were examined for the cognitive and motor function by the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development-2nd edition (BSID-II) at two years of corrected age. Perinatal and socio-environmental factors were also collected. Results: VLBW preterm infants showed three distinct motor developmental trajectories during the first year of life: stably normal (55%), deteriorating (32%), and persistently delayed (13%). The deteriorating pattern was significantly associated with low birth body weight (odds ratio (OR) [95% confidence interval (CI)] = 1.1 [1.0-1.1]), male gender (OR [95% CI]= 2.4 [1.4-3.8]), and moderate/severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (OR [95% CI]= 2.9 [1.7-5.0]); whereas the persistently delayed pattern was significantly associated with low birth body weight (OR [95% CI]= 1.1 [1.0-1.1]), moderate/severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (OR [95% CI] = 5.1 [2.3-11.4]), stage III/IV retinopathy of prematurity (OR [95% CI] = 7.2 [2.6-19.9]), and major brain damage (OR [95% CI] = 51.5 [6.3-423.4]) (all p < 0.05). Furthermore, the deteriorating pattern was predictive of motor delay (borderline delay, OR [95% CI] = 3.2 [1.8-5.7]; significant delay, OR [95% CI] = 20.6 [4.6-92.0]) and mental delay (borderline delay, OR [95% CI] = 2.4 [1.4-4.3]; significant delay, OR [95% CI] = 6.6 [2.1-20.8]) at two years of corrected age; whereas the persistently delayed pattern was predictive of motor delay (borderline delay, OR [95% CI] = 8.0 [3.3-19.4]; significant delay, OR [95% CI] = 83.4 [16.1-432.7]) and mental delay (borderline delay, OR [95% CI] = 7.6 [3.0-18.9]; significant delay, OR [95% CI] = 28.5 [7.8-103.5]) at two years of corrected age (all p < 0.05). Conclusion: VLBW preterm infants manifested various motor trajectories throughout the first year of life that were mainly related to perinatal factors and were predictive of later motor and mental outcome. The results provided insightful information for early detection and intervention of motor disorders in VLBW preterm infants
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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