888 research outputs found

    A piezoelectric microvalve for compact high frequency high differential pressure micropumping systems

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    A piezoelectrically driven hydraulic amplification microvalve for use in compact high-performance hydraulic pumping systems was designed, fabricated, and experimentally characterized. High-frequency, high-force actuation capabilities were enabled through the incorporation of bulk piezoelectric material elements beneath a micromachined annular tethered-piston structure. Large valve stroke at the microscale was achieved with an hydraulic amplification mechanism that amplified (40/spl times/-50/spl times/) the limited stroke of the piezoelectric material into a significantly larger motion of a micromachined valve membrane with attached valve cap. These design features enabled the valve to meet simultaneously a set of high frequency (/spl ges/1 kHz), high pressure(/spl ges/300 kPa), and large stroke (20-30 /spl mu/m) requirements not previously satisfied by other hydraulic flow regulation microvalves. This paper details the design, modeling, fabrication, assembly, and experimental characterization of this valve device. Fabrication challenges are detailed

    Right to farm laws

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    In the lead up to the 2015 State election it was reported in The Land that the Coalition Government and NSW Farmers had entered into “an unprecedented” memorandum of understanding. Among the “key commitments” entered into were the reform of biodiversity laws and consideration of “proposals for a Right to Farm policy during 2015”. In July 2014, at its annual conference, NSW Farmers passed a motion calling for “right to farm” legislation. Based on an article by Graham Brown, a NSW Farmers’ executive councillor, that argument seems to have two main aspects: primarily, granting immunity to farmers from litigation involving nuisance complaints, in particular those arising from the interface between the “smelly, sometimes noisy” realities of farming and “expanding urban centres”; and secondarily, providing protection from regulatory imposition by governments, State and local, referred to as “hindrances” to land use, including the placing by local councils of e-zones over agricultural property. The article by Graham Brown concluded: "In the face of extractive issues, expanding urban centres and red and green tape on-farm, protecting and promoting our farmers’ ability to conduct business, manage the landscape, provide environmental stewardship and grow food, must be supported in legislation." The case was expressly adopted on 23 June 2015 by Robert Brown MLC of the Shooters and Fishers Party. He spoke in favour of “right to farm” policy and, calling for a parliamentary inquiry into the issue, Mr Brown argued that: "The increasing trend of urban sprawl has presented some grim implications when the interests of agriculture clash with the lifestyle expectations of semi-rural property owners on the fringes of urban areas, or indeed in whole regions of New South Wales." This e-brief discusses the history and purpose of “right to farm” laws and their application in the US and Canada. The position in Australia is also discussed, as is the question of the place of such laws in the broader context of the system of planning legislation.&nbsp

    Kartenskizze von N.W. Amazonien

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    Contiene orografía, hidrografía y poblaciones.</p

    Silence that matters: Understanding conversations in interdisciplinary collaboration

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    In our focus on spoken conversation we tend to forget that there are also things not said. In failing to acknowledge these silences, much of what is significant may be overlooked. This book presents the findings of ethnographic fieldwork in intra- and inter-university collaboration, including that of Dutch and Chinese scientists. It also offers theoretical insights into the connection between silence and social learning. Silence is analysed in four functions. Understanding these has major practical implications for improving the ways in which we work together.Science Education and Communicatio

    Retrato de estudio de Celeste Seydel y su hijo

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    1 fot.; papel; imagen 6,5 x 10,6 cm. - Retrato de estudio de Celeste Seydel, esposa de Pedro Múgica, y su hijo. Berlín oeste. (Albúmina montada sobre cartulina, medida total 6,5 x 10,6. Altas luces ligeramente desvanecidas pero sombras en perfecto estado. Algunos roces. Sello impreso a tinta marrón del fotógrafo en margen inferior de cartulina: "Atelier Paalzon, Berlin N.W." y en reverso: "A. Paalzon, Photogr. Artist. Atelier. Berlin, N.W., Alt-Moabit Nº116, Ecke der Speenerstrasse, vis-a-vis dem Criminalgericht"). - Procedencia: fondo Miguel de Unamuno. - Buena Conservación

    Thrust sheet evolution in the Kinlochewe region of the Moine Thrust Zone, N.W. Scotland and the Pelvoux-Brianconnais, French Alps

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    Balanced and restored cross sections demonstrate a minimum 16 km shortening below the Moine Thrust and minimum restored wi1ths of 17 km between the La Meije and Combeynot Thrusts (external Alps), and 54 km between the frontal Subbrianconnais Thrust and the western Brianconnais Zone (internal Alps). Imbricate thrusts within the Moine Thrust Zone branch off a floor thrust which cuts up stratigraphic section from basement (Lewisian gneiss) to Cambrian shelf sediments parallel to the ESE-WNW movement direction. Cut-off relationships and fold geometries within the Pelvoux-Brianconnais suggest a change in move-ment direction of thrust sheets during the evolution of the French Alps from ENE-WSW for the Brianconnais and Sub-brianconnais Zones to ESE-WNW for the External Zones. Higher thrust sheets are frequently flexured as a result of slip on lower thrust surfaces (in-sequence thrusting). Important examples occur of Imver thrust assemblages which are truncated by higher thrust surfaces (out-of-sequence thrusting). Strains within thrust sheets from the Kinlochewe region suggest 0%-20% layer parallel shortening may develop in the footwall to an abandoned thrust as a tip strain to a newly developing thrust. Variations in strain may reflect variable propagation rates; differential displacement has resulted in differential movement within thrust sheets. Fault-bend folds (structurally necessary folds) have developed following slip of thrust sheets across irregular thrust surfaces and buckle folds have grown during shortening within the sheet. Extensional fault sheets (surge zones) can be mapped out in the Briancon region which both truncate and are flexured by thrust structures; important extensional structures have developed during evolution of the thrust belt
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