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Risikokulturen und Klimawandelaushandlungsprozesse in Küstengebieten - eine Fallstudienanalyse von Husum und Medmerry
No full textClimate change is evident and the need for adaptation a non-negotiable fact. Climate change adaptation is still often approached as a technical problem based on rational, evidence-based decisions. However, adaptation needs to be understood as a local and regional social challenge, underpinned by locally embedded risk cultures. How and if climate risks are encountered, ultimately depends on how they are framed locally – a question that has received very limited attention in risk research so far, but is key if adaptation measures are to be accepted by the local community. Consequently, an approach is needed that takes into account the heterogeneous and dynamic nature of social processes and thus helps to elucidate how and why risks are framed differently in different places.
This thesis develops and extends a dynamic perspective on the theoretical concept of risk cultures within which individuals and culture are regarded as interdependent. It subsequently applies this framework of risk cultures to the analysis of two coastal locations facing climate change risks. The two case studies Husum (Germany) and Medmerry (United Kingdom) are analysed and compared in regard to their negotiation and climate change adaptation processes.
The empirical analysis reveals that risk cultures are not only inherently dynamic, but contested, and always negotiated in the context of personal, institutional, political and local frames of reference. As the study demonstrates, in order to understand the local context of such negotiation processes, it is crucial to acknowledge the three dimensions of risk cultures: formal and informal institutional settings; the identifications of the local population with and attachments to the place (including historic components); and the factors that influence risk perception and preparedness locally. The analysis further revealed that these dimensions are permeated by the mutually influencing aspects of temporality, spatiality and sociality. Informed by the empirical findings, a more comprehensive concept of risk cultures is developed that conceives culture as inherently dynamic and acknowledges the interconnectedness of its constituting dimensions as essential foundation of how the risks of climate change are framed and dealt with locally.Der Klimawandel ist offensichtlich und die Notwendigkeit der Anpassung eine nicht verhandelbare Tatsache. Die Anpassung an den Klimawandel wird immer noch oft als technisches Problem betrachtet, dessen Lösung auf rationalen, evidenzbasierten Entscheidungen basiert. Anpassung muss jedoch als lokale und regionale soziale Herausforderung verstanden werden, die durch lokal eingebettete Risikokulturen untermauert wird. Wie und ob Klimarisiken entgegengetreten wird hängt letztendlich davon ab, wie sie vor Ort dargestellt werden – eine Frage, die in der Risikoforschung bisher nur sehr wenig Beachtung gefunden hat, aber von entscheidender Bedeutung ist, wenn Anpassungsmaßnahmen von der lokalen Gemeinschaft akzeptiert werden sollen. Folglich ist ein Ansatz erforderlich, der die heterogene und dynamische Beschaffenheit gesellschaftlicher Prozesse berücksichtigt und dabei hilft zu verstehen, wie und warum Risiken an verschiedenen Orten unterschiedlich bewertet werden.
Diese Arbeit entwickelt und erweitert eine dynamische Perspektive auf das theoretische Konzept der Risikokulturen, innerhalb derer Individuen und Kultur als voneinander abhängig betrachtet werden. Dieses analytische Konzept von Risikokulturen wird anschließend für die Analyse von zwei Küstenstandorten angewendet, die den Risiken durch den Klimawandel ausgesetzt sind. Die beiden Fallstudien Husum (Deutschland) und Medmerry (Großbritannien) werden hinsichtlich ihrer Aushandlungs- und Anpassungsprozesse an den Klimawandel analysiert und verglichen.
Die empirische Analyse zeigt, dass Risikokulturen nicht nur inhärent dynamisch, sondern umkämpft sind und immer im Kontext persönlicher, institutioneller, politischer und lokaler Bezugsrahmen ausgehandelt werden. Wie die Studie zeigt, ist es für das Verständnis des lokalen Kontexts solcher Aushandlungsprozesse entscheidend, die drei Dimensionen von Risikokulturen anzuerkennen: formelle und informelle institutionelle Rahmenbedingungen; die Identifikationen der lokalen Bevölkerung mit und Verbundenheit mit dem Ort (einschließlich historischer Komponenten); und die Faktoren, die die Risikowahrnehmung und -bereitschaft vor Ort beeinflussen. Die Analyse ergab außerdem, dass diese Dimensionen von den sich gegenseitig beeinflussenden Aspekten von Zeitlichkeit, Räumlichkeit und Sozialität durchdrungen sind. Basierend auf den empirischen Erkenntnissen wird ein umfassenderes Konzept von Risikokulturen entwickelt, das Kultur als inhärent dynamisch begreift und die Vernetzung ihrer konstituierenden Dimensionen als wesentliche Grundlage dafür anerkennt, wie die Risiken des Klimawandels lokal gestaltet und behandelt werden
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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